scholarly journals Impacts of spatiotemporally uneven urbanization on sea breeze fronts in a mega-river delta

2022 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 104287
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Jiong Shu
Keyword(s):  
Sea Breeze ◽  
River Delta

scholarly journals Characteristics of the Sea-Breeze Circulation in the Pearl River Delta Region and Its Dynamical Diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng You ◽  
Jimmy Chi-Hung Fung
Keyword(s):  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
Pearl River Delta Region ◽  
Background Wind ◽  
Breeze Circulation ◽  
Start Time ◽  
The Pearl River Delta ◽  
The Pearl River

AbstractThe Pearl River delta (PRD) region has experienced rapid economic development since the 1980s and has become one of the world’s largest industrial zones and metropolitan areas. Previous studies have shown that the sea-breeze circulation can contribute to pollutant transportation and convective initiation, so it is useful to study the dynamic structure of the sea-breeze circulation in the PRD region. Many researchers have focused on the effects of environmental factors, such as topography, urbanization, and background wind, on the sea breeze, but most focused only on case studies and did not quantify the characteristics of the sea-breeze circulation climatologically. In this study, a sea-breeze identification metric was defined to identify sea-breeze events from WRF simulation data of 2012 and quantify their characteristics, including their start time, end time, strength, height, frequency, pumping ability, and inland-penetrating distance. The results indicate that this method works well to identify and quantify the sea-breeze events of 2012. It is found that the solenoid term, the largest positive contributor to vorticity acceleration, is mostly modulated by the temperature gradient. Therefore, the frontogenesis of the sea-breeze front is discussed in this study. The result shows that offshore background wind that increases frontogenesis is favorable to the development of the sea breeze, but it also prevents it from propagating vertically and horizontally.

scholarly journals Effects of urbanization on the land sea breeze circulation over the Pearl River Delta region in winter

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1089-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Lu ◽  
Kim-Chiu Chow ◽  
Teng Yao ◽  
Alexis K. H. Lau ◽  
Jimmy C. H. Fung
Keyword(s):  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
Pearl River Delta Region ◽  
Breeze Circulation ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
The Pearl River Delta ◽  
The Pearl River

scholarly journals The Effects of Topography and Urban Agglomeration on the Sea Breeze Evolution over the Pearl River Delta Region

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Guoqing He ◽  
Guanghui Yuan ◽  
Yubao Liu ◽  
Yin Jiang ◽  
Yuewei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Sea Breezes ◽  
The Pearl River Delta ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The Pearl River

Sea breezes are one of the most important weather processes affecting the environmental and climatic features over coastal areas, and the sea breeze from the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) has significant effects on the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. We simulated a typical sea breeze process that occurred on 27 December 2020 in the PRD region using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to quantify the effects of topography and city clusters on the development of the sea breeze circulation. The results show that: (1) the topography on the west coast of the PRD tends to block the intrusion of the sea breeze and detour it along the eastern part of the terrain in the southeast of Jiangmen. The depth of sea breeze along the position of the detour is increased by 120 m, the penetration distance is increased by 40 km, the maximum intensity of sea breeze decreases by ~0.4 m/s, and the time of maximum speed delays for 4 h. However, on the east coast, the topography promotes the sea breeze, resulting in an occurrence about 4 h earlier due to the heating effects. The depth and the speed of the sea breeze are increased by 466 m and 1.2 m/s, respectively. (2) Under the influence of Urban Heat Island Circulation (UHIC), the sea breezes reach cities near the coast an hour earlier and are later inhibited from propagating further inland. Moreover, a wind convergence zone with a speed of 3–5 m/s and a width of about 25 km is formed along the boundary of suburbs and cities in the PRD region. As a result, two important convergence areas: Foshan–Guangzhou, and Dongguan–Shenzhen are formed. (3) Overall, the topography has a more remarkable impact on the mesoscale wind field especially in the mountain and bay areas, resulting in an average speed disturbance of 2.8 m/s. The urban heat island effect is relatively small and on average it causes only ± 0.9–1.8 m/s wind speed perturbations in the periphery of two convergence areas and over PRE.

Urban Modification in a Mesoscale Model and the Effects on the Local Circulation in the Pearl River Delta Region

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff C. F. Lo ◽  
Alexis K. H. Lau ◽  
Fei Chen ◽  
Jimmy C. H. Fung ◽  
Kenneth K. M. Leung
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
Mesoscale Model ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
The Pearl River Delta ◽  
The Pearl River

Abstract The Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, located in the southern part of Guangdong Province in China, is one of the most rapidly developing regions in the world. The evolution of local and regional sea-breeze circulation (SBC) is believed to be responsible for forming meteorological conditions for high air-pollution episodes in the PRD. To understand better the impacts of urbanization and its associated urban heat island (UHI) on the local- and regional-scale atmospheric circulations over PRD, a number of high-resolution numerical experiments, with different approaches to treat the land surface and urban processes, have been conducted using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5). The results show that an accurate urban land-use dataset and a proper urban land-use parameterization are critical for the mesoscale model to capture the major features of the observed UHI effect and land–sea-breeze circulations in the PRD. Stronger UHI in the PRD increases the differential temperature gradient between urbanized areas and nearby ocean surface and hence enhances the mesoscale SBC. The SBC front consequently penetrates farther inland to overcome the prevailing easterly flow in the western part of inland Hong Kong. Additional sensitivity studies indicate that further industrial development and urbanization will strengthen the daytime SBC as well as increase the air temperature in the lowest 2 km of the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Response of the Sea Breeze to Urbanization in the Pearl River Delta Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 1449-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng You ◽  
Jimmy Chi-Hung Fung ◽  
Wai Po Tse
Keyword(s):  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
Pearl River Delta Region ◽  
Start Time ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Pearl River Delta ◽  
The Pearl River

AbstractThe Pearl River delta (PRD) region has undergone rapid urbanization since the 1980s, which has had significant effects on the sea-breeze circulation in this region. Because the sea breeze plays an important role in pollutant transportation and convective initiation in the PRD region, it is meaningful to study the effects of urbanization on the sea breeze. In this study, three numerical experiments were conducted from 2 June to 31 August 2010 with land-use data from 1988, 1999, and 2010. For each simulation, characteristics of the sea breeze such as the start time, end time, intensity, height, pumping ability, and inland penetration distance were quantified. By comparing the characteristics of the sea breeze in these simulations, its response to urbanization was quantified. The results show that urbanization enhances the duration, height, and intensity of the sea breeze but blocks its inland penetration. One physical mechanism is proposed to dynamically elucidate the response of the sea breeze to urbanization. Because the urban area in the PRD region is concentrated near the coast, urbanization imposes a positive heating gradient on the coastal region and a negative heating gradient on the region farther inland. The positive heating gradient may intensify the sea breeze, and the negative heating gradient may prevent the sea breeze from propagating farther inland.

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