scholarly journals Bronchoalveolar lavage findings in severe community-acquired pneumonia due to Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1

2004 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 1222-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco Trisolini ◽  
Luigi Lazzari Agli ◽  
Alessandra Cancellieri ◽  
Leonarda Procaccio ◽  
Piero Candoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia

scholarly journals Legionella antibiotic susceptibility testing: is it time for international standardization and evidence-based guidance?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Portal ◽  
Ghislaine Descours ◽  
Christophe Ginevra ◽  
Massimo Mentasti ◽  
Baharak Afshar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Microbroth Dilution ◽  
Reference Strains

Abstract Legionella pneumophila, a Gram-negative bacillus, is the causative agent of Legionnaire’s disease, a form of severe community-acquired pneumonia. Infection can have high morbidity, with a high proportion of patients requiring ICU admission, and up to 10% mortality, which is exacerbated by the lack of efficacy of typical empirical antibiotic therapy against Legionella spp. The fastidious nature of the entire Legionellaceae family historically required inclusion of activated charcoal in the solid medium to remove growth inhibitors, which inherently interferes with accurate antimicrobial susceptibility determination, an acknowledged methodological shortfall, now rectified by a new solid medium that gives results comparable to those of microbroth dilution. Here, as an international Legionella community (with authors representing various international reference laboratories, countries and clinical stakeholders for diagnosis and treatment of legionellosis), we set out recommendations for the standardization of antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods, guidelines and reference strains to facilitate an improved era of antibiotic resistance determination.

Blind Spots of Traditional Microbiological Tests for Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults and Availability of Nonculture Techniques: A Nationwide Survey of Physicians in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 221 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S198-S205
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Weiping Hu ◽  
Yi Huang ◽  
Jieming Qu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Career Stage ◽  
Developing Regions ◽  
Nonteaching Hospital ◽  
Antigen Tests ◽  
Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Blind Spots

Abstract Background In China, no national survey has been conducted to evaluate physicians’ attitudes and compliance with guidelines in the management of adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate physicians’ awareness of the use of microbiological tests in the management of severe CAP (SCAP) and to investigate the availability of nonculture tests in China. Methods A nationwide electronic questionnaire survey was conducted among Chinese physicians between March and July 2018, which assessed their viewpoints concerning the issues in the management of SCAP. Results A total of 6333 physicians completed this survey, evenly covering all career stages. Among these, 3208 (50.6%) and 1936 (30.6%) had blind spots in the application of blood and sputum cultures in the management of SCAP, respectively. Nonteaching hospital, nonrespirologists, and junior career stage were independently associated with misunderstandings. Regarding nonculture methods, 52.7% of the facilities had no access to polymerase chain reaction-based pathogen detection tests. The accessibility of urinary antigen tests for Streptococcus pneumoniae (42.5%) and Legionella pneumophila (38.5%) was also low. The main barriers were inland and remote region, lower hospital level, and nonteaching hospital. Conclusions Insufficient use of sputum and blood cultures, together with low accessibility of major nonculture techniques, were noticeable barriers to achieving microbiological diagnosis of SCAP in China. To help curb the overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics, further measures should be taken to raise awareness among nonspecialists and promote rapid nonculture tests, especially in nonteaching hospitals and developing regions.

Importance of Legionella pneumophila in the Etiology of Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Santiago, Chile

CHEST Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Arancibia ◽  
Claudia P. Cortes ◽  
Marcelo Valdés ◽  
Javier Cerda ◽  
Antonio Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia

scholarly journals Legionella pneumophila as Cause of Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-162
Author(s):  
Huahua Yi ◽  
Jie Fang ◽  
Jingwen Huang ◽  
Bing Liu ◽  
Jieming Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia

scholarly journals Is driving a car a risk for Legionnaires' disease?

2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (11) ◽  
pp. 1615-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. SAKAMOTO ◽  
A. OHNO ◽  
T. NAKAHARA ◽  
K. SATOMURA ◽  
S. IWANAGA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Amplification Method ◽  
Used Car ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

SUMMARYLegionnaires' disease (LD) is a major cause of severe community-acquired pneumonia but the source and mode of transmission are not always apparent, especially in sporadic cases. We hypothesized that LD can be acquired from the air-conditioning systems of motor cars. Swabs were taken from the evaporator compartments of the air-conditioning system of scrapped cars. Healthy subjects who were mainly employees of regional transportation companies were tested for antibody toLegionella pneumophilaserogroups 1–6; they also completed a questionnaire.Legionellaspecies were detected in 11/22 scrapped cars by the loop-mediated isothermal amplification method. The prevalence of microplate agglutination titres ⩾1:32 was significantly higher in subjects who sometimes used car air-conditioning systems. Although we did not prove a direct link betweenLegionellaspp. in the car evaporator and LD, our findings point to a potential risk of car air-conditioning systems in LD, which needs further investigation.

scholarly journals Rapid Diagnosis of Legionnaires' Disease Using an Immunochromatographic Assay for Legionella pneumophila Serogroup 1 Antigen in Urine during an Outbreak in The Netherlands

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 2738-2739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Wever ◽  
Ed P. F. Yzerman ◽  
Ed J. Kuijper ◽  
Peter Speelman ◽  
Jacob Dankert
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Immunochromatographic Assay ◽  
Qualitative Detection ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Urine Specimens

A new immunochromatographic assay for rapid qualitative detection of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 antigen in urine specimens was used during an outbreak of legionellosis in The Netherlands. The assay seems of the utmost value in providing a rapid diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia in an outbreak setting.

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