THE FALLING DROP METHOD FOR DETERMINING SPECIFIC GRAVITY

Abstract The performance of a prototype instrument, "CLINILAB Automated Urine Analyzer," for automation and mechanization of urinalysis, was studied. Results of the chemical tests for which the instrument is used—pH, glucose, protein, ketone, bilirubin, and occult blood—were compared to those obtained on the same urine specimens by using "‘Bili-Labstix’ Reagent Strips." Results for specific gravity obtained by using the CLINILAB "falling drop" method were compared to those obtained by refractometer. Of 2,911comparisons between results obtained with the CLINILAB instrument and "Bili-Labstix" for the six different urinary constituents, 98% agreed as to whether the test was positive or negative. Results for pH results were considered to be in agreement if the difference was no greater than one pH unit. For 170 specimens tested, agreement was better between lower specific gravity urines than those of higher specific gravity; results generally agreed within ±0.005 specific gravity units for all urines tested.

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EVALUATION OP THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY DROP METHOD FOR SERUM PROTEIN ESTIMATION

The Medical Journal of Australia ◽

10.5694/j.1326-5377.1963.tb25613.x ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 1 (19) ◽

pp. 690-693 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Janice A. Rogers ◽

D. Watson

Keyword(s):

Specific Gravity ◽

Serum Protein ◽

Drop Method ◽

Protein Estimation

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Valence electron spectroscopy of inhomogeneous media

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100130389 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 1150-1151

Author(s):

A. Howie ◽

D.W. McComb

Keyword(s):

Specific Gravity ◽

Loss Function ◽

Electron Spectroscopy ◽

Valence Electron ◽

Peak Height ◽

Loss Functions ◽

Loss Peak ◽

High Energies ◽

Valence Electron Density ◽

Electron Microscopist

The bulk loss function Im(-l/ε (ω)), a well established tool for the interpretation of valence loss spectra, is being progressively adapted to the wide variety of inhomogeneous samples of interest to the electron microscopist. Proportionality between n, the local valence electron density, and ε-1 (Sellmeyer's equation) has sometimes been assumed but may not be valid even in homogeneous samples. Figs. 1 and 2 show the experimentally measured bulk loss functions for three pure silicates of different specific gravity ρ - quartz (ρ = 2.66), coesite (ρ = 2.93) and a zeolite (ρ = 1.79). Clearly, despite the substantial differences in density, the shift of the prominent loss peak is very small and far less than that predicted by scaling e for quartz with Sellmeyer's equation or even the somewhat smaller shift given by the Clausius-Mossotti (CM) relation which assumes proportionality between n (or ρ in this case) and (ε - 1)/(ε + 2). Both theories overestimate the rise in the peak height for coesite and underestimate the increase at high energies.

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