Neuropeptides in the gut: Quantification and characterization of cholecystokinin octapeptide-, bombesin- and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-like immunoreactivities in the myenteric plexus of the guinea-pig small intestine

Peptides ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. Hutchison ◽  
R. Dimaline ◽  
Graham J. Dockray
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Myenteric Plexus ◽  
Cholecystokinin Octapeptide ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

Evidence that neuronally released vasoactive intestinal polypeptide inhibits the release of serotonin from enterochromaffin cells of the guinea pig small intestine

1991 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Racké ◽  
Harald Schwörer ◽  
Denis V. Agoston ◽  
Heinz Kilbinger
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Muscarine Receptors ◽  
Intestinal Segments ◽  
Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

Abstract. Isolated small intestinal segments of the guinea pig were arterially perfused and the release of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid into the portal venous effluent was determined by HPLC with electrochemical detection. Test substances were intra-arterially applied. The muscarine receptor agonist oxotremorine (1 μmol/l inhibited the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine by about 50%. In the presence of the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin, oxotremorine enhanced the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine by 145%, indicating that the inhibitory effect of oxotremorine was mediated by the release of a neurotransmitter. Exogenous vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ( 1-100 pmol/l inhibited the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine by about 50%, an effect antagonized by a specific antibody to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. This antibody to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, on its own, had no effect on the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine. However, it prevented the inhibitory effect of oxotremorine. In the presence of the antibody to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, unlike in the presence of tetrodotoxin, oxotremorine did not stimulate the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine. In conclusion, activation of neuronal muscarine receptors in the guinea pig small intestine enhances the release of several neurotransmitters which can inhibit the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine. The present experiments provide good evidence that vasoactive intestinal polypeptide is one of them.

The effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on the motility of human and guinea pig gallbladder

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Feeley ◽  
Alexander S. Clanachan ◽  
Gerald W. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Human Gallbladder ◽  
Cholecystokinin Octapeptide ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Resting Tone ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

The effects of several preparations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) on the motility of strips of human and guinea pig gallbladder were investigated in vitro. VIP (10−12 to 10−6 M) had no measurable effects on the spontaneous activity, resting tone or cholecystokinin-octapeptide induced tone of human gallbladder strips. However, VIP (10−12 to 10−6 M) caused biphasic effects on the tone of guinea pig gallbladder strips. At low concentrations (10−12 to 10−10 M) contractions were observed that became smaller at higher concentrations (10−9 to 10−8 M). At still higher concentrations (10−7 to 10−6 M) relaxations were elicited. It appears that VIP is not as potent a relaxant of gallbladder muscle as first described. Human gallbladder tissue was totally unresponsive to the VIP preparations tested.

Vasodilator action of guinea pig vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP): comparison with common mammalian VIP

1992 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Naruse ◽  
Takashi Inoue ◽  
Tohru Mochizuki ◽  
Noboru Yanaihara
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Vasodilator Action ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide
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