Slow oscillations as a probe of the dynamics of the locus coeruleus-frontal cortex interaction in anesthetized rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 273-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Lestienne ◽  
A Hervé-Minvielle ◽  
D Robinson ◽  
L Briois ◽  
SJ Sara
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
Slow Oscillations ◽  
Anesthetized Rats

Techniques for termination of reverberating spreading depression in rats

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shibata ◽  
J. Bures
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Cortical Spreading Depression ◽  
Spreading Depression ◽  
Interference Method ◽  
Cortical Surface ◽  
Cortical Tissue ◽  
Excitable Tissue ◽  
Anesthetized Rats ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Reverberation of cortical spreading depression (CSD) around a circular obstacle (thermocoagulation lesion) in the frontal cortex of anesthetized rats was elicited by appropriately timed and spaced applications of KCl. The probability of continued reverberation was increased by a pyrrolopyrimidine drug BW 58-271 (10 mg/kg) from 0.93 to 0.98. Three methods of reverberation arrest were tested: a) CSD propagation was blocked by an interfering CSD wave which was initiated in the rear of the reverberating wave, passing through a narrow segment of the circular pathway, and collided with the reverberating wave on the opposite side of the obstacle; b) CSD propagation through a part of the circular pathway was blocked by a 10-min application of 10% MgCl2 on the exposed cortical surface; c) 1-min asphyxia stopped RCSD by increasing the overall refractoriness of cortical tissue. Least reliable was the interference method which stopped reverberation, even with optimum timing, only in 42% of the trials. The magnesium blockade was reliable but slow, the reverberation stopping only 30 min after MgCl2 application. Asphyxia evoked in any phase of the reverberation cycle stopped RCSD reliably and immediately. The results obtained with the interference method confirm the predictions of the mathematical model of impulse reverberation in sheets of excitable tissue. Anoxia seems best suited for practical control of CSD reverberation in functional decortication studies.

Tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the locus coeruleus of conscious rats: Differences with the anesthetized rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 595-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Robert ◽  
Catherine Ortemann ◽  
Michèle Seccia ◽  
Bernard Renaud ◽  
Laura Lambás-señas
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
Hydroxylase Activity ◽  
Conscious Rats ◽  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase Activity ◽  
Anesthetized Rats

Age-dependent changes in projections from locus coeruleus to hippocampus dentate gyrus and frontal cortex

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1263-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Ishida ◽  
T. Shirokawa ◽  
O. Miyaishi ◽  
Y. Komatsu ◽  
K. Isobe
Keyword(s):  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
Age Dependent

scholarly journals Halothane-induced Hypnosis Is Not Accompanied by Inactivation of Orexinergic Output in Rodents

2009 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 1001-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinrich Gompf ◽  
Jingqiu Chen ◽  
Yi Sun ◽  
Masashi Yanagisawa ◽  
Gary Aston-Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
Anesthetic Induction ◽  
Molecular Binding ◽  
Neuronal Populations ◽  
Anesthetic Agents ◽  
Binding Partners ◽  
Anesthetized Rats ◽  
Neuronal Regulation ◽  
And Control

Background One underexploited property of anesthetics is their ability to probe neuronal regulation of arousal. At appropriate doses, anesthetics reversibly obtund conscious perception. However, individual anesthetic agents may accomplish this by altering the function of distinct neuronal populations. Previously the authors showed that isoflurane and sevoflurane inhibit orexinergic neurons, delaying reintegration of sensory perception as denoted by emergence. Here the authors study the effects of halothane. As a halogenated alkane, halothane differs structurally, has a nonoverlapping series of molecular binding partners, and differentially modulates electrophysiologic properties of several ion channels when compared with its halogenated ether relatives. Methods c-Fos immunohistochemistry and in vivo electrophysiology were used to assess neuronal activity. Anesthetic induction and emergence were determined behaviorally in narcoleptic orexin/ataxin-3 mice and control siblings exposed to halothane. Results Halothane-induced hypnosis occurred despite lack of inhibition of orexinergic neurons in mice. In rats, extracellular single-unit recordings within the locus coeruleus showed significantly greater activity during halothane than during a comparable dose of isoflurane. Microinjection of the orexin-1 receptor antagonist SB-334867-A during the active period slowed firing rates of locus coeruleus neurons in halothane-anesthetized rats, but had no effect on isoflurane-anesthetized rats. Surprisingly, orexin/ataxin-3 transgenic mice, which develop narcolepsy with cataplexy because of loss of orexinergic neurons, did not show delayed emergence from halothane. Conclusion Coordinated inhibition of hypothalamic orexinergic and locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons is not required for anesthetic induction. Normal emergence from halothane-induced hypnosis in orexin-deficient mice suggests that additional wake-promoting systems likely remain active during general anesthesia produced by halothane.

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