743 Patients with penile cancer and palpable inguinal lymph nodes should not be staged by dynamic sentinel lymph node biopsy

Background and Aims: The optimal treatment of clinically negative inguinal lymph nodes in patients with primary anal cancer has not yet been clearly defined. The presence of metastases in the inguinal lymph nodes is an adverse prognostic factor for anal cancer. In the present study the feasibility of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for staging anal cancer was investigated. Patients and Methods: From September 1999 to March 2002, 8 patients with biopsy proven primary anal cancer underwent lymphoscintigraphy and dual-agent guided inguinal SLNB for nodal staging before starting multimodality treatment. Results: Inguinal SLNB was successful in all 8 patients (13 groins). A total of 20 hot and blue SLNs (mean 1,5 (1–2) per groins) were removed. In 2 patients (25 %) the SLN was positive for metastasis. Conclusions: Lymphoscintigraphy followed by dual-agent guided inguinal SLNB is technically feasible for staging patients with primary anal cancer. The detection of metastases in the removed sentinel lymph node(s) may alter the treatment and thus may improve the locoregional control and overall survival of these patients.

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Cytologic Features of Lipogranulomatous Reaction in an Axillary Sentinel Lymph Node

Acta Cytologica ◽

10.1159/000513982 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Jose Antonio Jimenez-Heffernan ◽

Mariel Valdivia-Mazeyra ◽

Patricia Muñoz-Hernández ◽

Consuelo López-Elzaurdia

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Breast Biopsy ◽

Lymph Node Biopsy ◽

Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽

Fat Necrosis ◽

Histologic Analysis ◽

Node Biopsy

Introduction: Multinucleated giant cells (MGC) are a rare finding when evaluating axillary sentinel lymph nodes. Some are described as foreign body-type MGC accompanied by foamy macrophages. They have been rarely reported in nodes from patients in which a previous breast biopsy was performed. The tissue damage induced by biopsy results in secondary changes including fat necrosis and hemorrhage that can migrate to axillary nodes. In this report, we illustrate a lipogranulomatous reaction in cytologic samples obtained during a sentinel lymph node examination of a woman previously biopsied because of breast carcinoma. We have found no previous cytologic descriptions and consider it an interesting finding that should be known to avoid diagnostic misinterpretations. Case: A 51-year-old woman underwent mastectomy of the right breast with a sentinel lymph node biopsy at our medical center. One month before, a control mammography revealed suspicious microcalcifications and a vacuum-assisted breast biopsy resulted in a diagnosis of high-grade intraductal carcinoma with comedonecrosis. Surgery with a sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed. The sentinel node was processed as an intraoperative consultation. Frozen sections and air-dried Diff-Quik stained samples were obtained. They showed abundant lymphocytes with MGC and tumoral cells. MGC showed ample cytoplasm with evident vacuoles of variable size. Occasional hemosiderin-laden macrophages were also present. The complete histologic analysis and immunohistochemical studies revealed no malignant cells. Histologic analysis showed, in subcapsular location, occasional MGC phagocyting lipid droplets. Hemosiderin-laden macrophages were a common finding. Conclusion: Lipogranulomas may appear at axillary sentinel lymph nodes because of fat necrosis induced by previous breast biopsy. The most important consideration is not confounding MGC with epithelial cell clusters. This can occur with not well-processed samples, especially if unmounted.

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Developments in sentinel lymph node biopsy for penile cancer

Nature Reviews Urology ◽

10.1038/nrurol.2014.34 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 135-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nick Watkin ◽

Susannah La-Touche

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ◽

Penile Cancer ◽

Lymph Node Biopsy ◽

Node Biopsy

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Comparison of Real-Time Fluorescent Indocyanine Green and 99mTc-Nanocolloid Radiotracer Navigation in Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy of Penile Cancer

Clinical Genitourinary Cancer ◽

10.1016/j.clgc.2015.06.005 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 574-580 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Marcin Markuszewski ◽

Wojciech Polom ◽

Wojciech Cytawa ◽

Piotr Czapiewski ◽

Piotr Lass ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ◽

Indocyanine Green ◽

Real Time ◽

Penile Cancer ◽

Lymph Node Biopsy ◽

Node Biopsy

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Predicting additional positive non-sentinel lymph nodes after macrometastasis at sentinel lymph node biopsy – It's a numbers game

International Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.ijsu.2013.06.123 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 609

Author(s):

Robert Milligan ◽

Helen Hawkins ◽

Magdi Youssef ◽

Michael Carr

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Lymph Node Biopsy ◽

Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽

Node Biopsy ◽

Numbers Game

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Lymphatic Mapping and Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in the Management of Primary Cutaneous Melanoma: Report of a Single-centre Experience

Tumori Journal ◽

10.1177/030089160609200205 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 92 (2) ◽

pp. 113-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Roberto Cecchi ◽

Cataldo De Gaudio ◽

Lauro Buralli ◽

Stefania Innocenti

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Cutaneous Melanoma ◽

Lymphatic Mapping ◽

Lymph Node Biopsy ◽

Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽

Primary Cutaneous Melanoma ◽

Node Biopsy

Aims and Background Lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy provide important prognostic data in patients with early stage melanoma and are crucial in guiding the management of the tumor. We report our experience with lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy in a group of patients with primary cutaneous melanoma and discuss recent concepts and controversies on its use. Patients and Methods A total of 111 patients with stage I-II AJCC primary cutaneous melanoma underwent lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy from December 1999 through December 2004 using a standardized technique of preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and biopsy guided by blue dye injection in addition to a hand-held gamma probe. After removal, sentinel lymph nodes were submitted to serial sectioning and permanent preparations for histological and immunohistochemical examination. Complete lymph node dissection was performed only in patients with tumor-positive sentinel lymph nodes. Results Sentinel lymph nodes were identified and removed in all patients (detection rate of 100%), and metastases were found in 17 cases (15.3%). The incidence of metastasis in sentinel lymph nodes was 2.1%, 15.9%, 35.2%, and 41.6% for melanomas < or 1.0, 1.01-2.0, 2.01-4.0, and > 4.0 mm in thickness, respectively. Complete lymph node dissection was performed in 15 of 17 patients with positive sentinel lymph nodes, and metastases in non-sentinel lymph nodes were detected in only 2 cases (11.7%). Recurrences were more frequently observed in patients with a positive than in those with negative sentinel lymph node (41.1% vs 5.3% at a median follow-up of 31.5 months, P<0.001). The false-negative rate was 2.1%. Conclusions Our study confirms that lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy allow accurate staging and yield relevant prognostic information in patients with early stage melanoma.

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Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Patients

Journal of Skin Cancer ◽

10.1155/2013/267474 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Marie-Laure Matthey-Giè ◽

Ariane Boubaker ◽

Igor Letovanec ◽

Nicolas Demartines ◽

Maurice Matter

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ◽

Skin Cancer ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Lymph Node Biopsy ◽

Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer ◽

Node Dissection ◽

Node Biopsy

The management of lymph nodes in nonmelanoma skin cancer patients is currently still debated. Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma (PEM), and other rare skin neoplasms have a well-known risk to spread to regional lymph nodes. The use of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) could be a promising procedure to assess this risk in clinically N0 patients. Metastatic SNs have been observed in 4.5–28% SCC (according to risk factors), in 9–42% MCC, and in 14–57% PEM. We observed overall 30.8% positive SNs in 13 consecutive patients operated for high-risk nonmelanoma skin cancer between 2002 and 2011 in our institution. These high rates support recommendation to implement SLNB for nonmelanoma skin cancer especially for SCC patients. Completion lymph node dissection following positive SNs is also a matter of discussion especially in PEM. It must be remembered that a definitive survival benefit of SLNB in melanoma patients has not been proven yet. However, because of its low morbidity when compared to empiric elective lymph node dissection or radiation therapy of lymphatic basins, SLNB has allowed sparing a lot of morbidity and could therefore be used in nonmelanoma skin cancer patients, even though a significant impact on survival has not been demonstrated.

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