Southampton

Antiquity ◽  
1942 ◽  
Vol 16 (61) ◽  
pp. 36-50
Author(s):  
O. G. S. Crawford

The situation of Southampton has many geographical resemblances to that of London. Both are at the head of estuaries to which the main drainage systems of their hinterland converge. Both towns were separated from that hinterland by large tracts of forest and scrub, and both are built on hard ground near channels of deep water. Southampton has, throughout most of its history, been a Channel port, looking across the Channel to France and Spain whence came the traders and raiders of the Middle Ages, just as London looked to the Low Countries.

Author(s):  
Bárbara Mujica

Women Religious and Epistolary Exchange in the Carmelite Reform tells the story of the Carmelite expansion beyond the death of Teresa de Jesús, showing how three of her most dynamic disciples, María de San José, Ana de Jesús, and Ana de San Bartolomé, struggled to continue her mission in Portugal, France, and the Low Countries. Like Teresa, these women were prolific letter writers. Catalina de Cristo, a Carmelite nun who never left Spain, also produced a corpus of letters that reveals the distress of those who anxiously waited for news of their sisters abroad. In devoting themselves so assiduously to letter-writing, these women, as Joan Ferrante has shown, were continuing a long monastic tradition that had begun in the Middle Ages.


1956 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 234-245
Author(s):  
Gordon Griffiths

The contest between monarchy and representative institutions had a unique outcome in the Netherlands in the sixteenth century as a result of several factors. The most obvious of these is the fact that their rulers had inherited a royal title in Castile and Aragon. The financial and administrative institutions of the modern state which the monarchs attempted to introduce into their possessions in the Low Countries were therefore bound to be regarded as foreign importations. They conflicted with the representative institutions which had grown up in the Netherlands as elsewhere in Europe during the Middle Ages. The chief of these, the Estates-General, continued to flourish in the Low Countries long after they had entered upon hopeless decline in France and Spain. Moreover, the wealth of the Low Countries, industrially, commercially, and financially the most advanced region of sixteenth-century Europe, made them an attractive target for the Hapsburg bureaucracy, harried as it was by the gargantuan task of financing the wars of Charles V and Philip II.


Queeste ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-127
Author(s):  
Veerle Uyttersprot

Abstract This article concerns the Dendermond appropriation of the medieval legend of the steed Bayard and the four sons (the ‘Heems children’) of Aymon, lord of Dordoen. The story of Bayard and Aymon’s sons was popular in the Low Countries during the Middle Ages. In many towns and cities, a giant wooden Horse Bayard was part of processions and parades. In some cases, the tradition persists to this day. This is especially the case in Dendermonde, where a local version of the story exists. The nineteenth-century archivist of the city, Prudens Van Duyse, is probably responsible for this remarkable tradition. His assumptions about the Dendermond roots of Aymon of Dordoen and the resulting local narrative tradition are based on a very free interpretation of the toponyms in the Middle Dutch prose story and on an equally free reading of the writings of a number of seventeenth-century historians. While, after Van Duyse’s passing, there was some debate among historians concerning the credibility of his theories, storytellers embraced the regional variant that he invented. To this day, Van Duyse continues to influence Dendermond folklore.


Queeste ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 354-377
Author(s):  
Renaud Adam

Abstract In recent years, the dissemination of medieval-inspired French texts through the printing press has received renewed attention from the scientific community. This research has shown, inter alia, that the Gutenberg revolution, although considered to be one of the thresholds of modernity, did not sound the death knell for the Middle Ages. On the contrary, the medieval legacy found an opportunity to perpetuate itself for several decades through this new medium. My own work in this field has made it possible to point out that the caesura of the years 1530-1540, often put forward as a moment of rupture with the literary tradition of the Middle Ages, was not as abrupt as some might have thought, at least in Hainaut. In the case of the former Low Countries, many areas still remain unexplored. This is notably the case for the production of medieval romances in French during the second half of the sixteenth century, which I propose to examine. This particular period is all the more interesting to study because it lies between the supposed rupture with the medieval literary tradition of the mid-16th century and the renewal brought about by the 17th-century publishing phenomenon known as the ‘Bibliothèque bleue’. An analysis of the titles printed between 1550 and 1600 and their peritexts, as well as the material examination of these editions, will contribute to a better understanding of this complex publishing phenomenon, navigating between ‘old romances’ and ‘new language’.


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