In the article the author examines a reference made by Merab Mamardashvili in his book Classical and Non-classical Ideals of Rationality to the work of the Georgian psychologist Dimitri Uznadze (1886–1950). Uznadze’s concepts are introduced and described for the purpose of establishing how Uznadze’s overall project as represented by his theory of “set” can lead to a better understanding of certain basic intentions of Mamardashvili’s philosophy. This is done primarily through an analysis of Mamardashvili’s reception of Uznadze’s theory of set.