Lattice Energies and Related Thermodynamic Properties of the Alkali Metal Borohydrides and of the Borohydride Ion1

1955 ◽  
Vol 77 (21) ◽  
pp. 5455-5457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aubrey P. Altshuller
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Lattice Energies

Lattice energies of alkali metal nitrates and related thermodynamic properties

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1091-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. B. Jenkins ◽  
D. F. C. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Nitrates ◽  
Lattice Energies

scholarly journals THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ALKALI-METAL VAPORS

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Vapors

Thermochemistry and reactivity of the azides - I. Thermochemistry of the inorganic azides

1956 ◽  
Vol 235 (1200) ◽  
pp. 106-119 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Enthalpies Of Formation ◽  
Hydrazoic Acid ◽  
Explosive Decomposition ◽  
Dissociation Energies ◽  
Azide Ion ◽  
Heavy Metal Azides ◽  
Lattice Energies

The problems of structure and reactivity of the azides are of course closely related to their thermochemistry. Lattice energies, electron affinities and bond energies are especially important. Although numerous investigations have been made both into slow thermal decomposition and explosive decomposition of the azides interpretation has been hampered by lack of reliable thermochemical data. In the literature, only a collection of inconsistent and unreliable data for the heavy-metal azides is available; for the alkali-metal and alkaline-earth azides there are no data at all. This paper deals with the thermochemical relations of the azides and their application to reactivity. In part I the experimental determination of consistent enthalpy data for hydrazoic acid, the aqueous azide ion, the alkali metal, the alkaline-earth and heavy-metal azides is described. The values of the enthalpies of formation (∆ H o f in kcal mole -1 ) are: N - 3 Aq (55∙51 H 2 O), 65∙53; HN 3G , 71∙66; HN 3L , 64∙37; LiN 3 , 2∙58; NaN 3 , 5∙08; KN 3 , 0∙33; RbN 3 , -0∙07; CsN 3 , -2∙37; NH 4 N 3 , 26∙79; CaN 6 , 11∙03; SrN 6 , 1∙72; BaN 6 , -5∙32; CuN 3 , 67∙23; CuN 6 , 140∙4; AgN 3 , 74∙17; Hg 2 N 6 , 141∙5; T1N 3 , 55∙78; PbN 6 , 115∙5. From these and other measurements consistent values for free energies and entropies of the azides are derived. These primary thermodynamic data will be employed in part II of this paper to derive important thermochemical quantities not susceptible to direct measurement such as bond dissociation energies, lattice energies and the electron affinity of the azide ion.

Thermochemistry and reactivity of the azides - II. Lattice energies of ionic azides, electron affinity and heat of formation of the azide radical and related properties

1956 ◽  
Vol 235 (1203) ◽  
pp. 481-495 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Enthalpy Of Formation ◽  
Electron Affinity ◽  
Lattice Energy ◽  
Heat Of Formation ◽  
Standard Enthalpy Of Formation ◽  
Kcal Mole ◽  
Azide Ion ◽  
Metal Group ◽  
Lattice Energies

The thermochemical data of part I, the heats of formation and solution of the alkali-metal (group 1 a ) azides, are used in conjunction with other data to derive values for the lattice energies of alkali-metal azides, the heat of formation of the azide radical, for the electron affinity and hydration heat of the azide ion. Calculations by previous workers of these magnitudes, which are not of course susceptible to direct measurement, have generally been erroneous. The lattice energies of the alkali azides (kcal mole -1 ) are: LiN 3 , 194; NaN 3 , 175; KN 3 , 157; RbN 3 , 152; CsN 3 , 146. For potassium, rubidium and caesium azides a term-by-term theoretical calculation of the lattice energy which allows for the non-spherical character of the azide ion supports these figures, which are based on experimental data of part I. The standard enthalpy of formation of the azide radical ∆ H 0 f (N 3G ) is estimated to be 116 kcal mole -1 . The electron affinity of the azide radical E (N 3G ) is 81 kcal mole -1 . These figures permit the evaluation of other lattice energies and the following values (kcal mole -1 ) have been obtained: NH 4 N 3 , 175; CuN 3 , 227; AgN 3 , 205; TlN 3 , 163·5; CaN 6 , 517; SrN 6 , 494; BaN 6 , 469 and PbN 6 , 516. From the enthalpy of formation of the azide radical the bond dissociation energies D ( X — N 3 ) in some covalent azides may be derived. D (H — N 3 ) is 96 kcal mole -1 and D (C— N 3 ) in aliphatic azides is about 83 kcal mole -1 .

Calculating the thermodynamic properties of aqueous solutions of alkali metal carboxylates

2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 903-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Rudakov ◽  
V. V. Sergievskii ◽  
T. V. Zhukova
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Metal Carboxylates
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