Randomized trial of prolonged exposure for posttraumatic stress disorder with and without cognitive restructuring: Outcome at academic and community clinics.

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 953-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna B. Foa ◽  
Elizabeth A. Hembree ◽  
Shawn P. Cahill ◽  
Sheila A. M. Rauch ◽  
David S. Riggs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Cognitive Restructuring ◽  
Community Clinics

COGNITIVE RESTRUCTURING WITHIN RELIVING: A TREATMENT FOR PERITRAUMATIC EMOTIONAL “HOTSPOTS” IN POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Grey ◽  
Kerry Young ◽  
Emily Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Cognitive Restructuring ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Negative Appraisals

This paper describes a distinct clinical approach to the treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). It is theoretically guided by recent cognitive models of PTSD and explicitly combines cognitive therapy techniques within exposure/reliving procedures. A clinically pertinent distinction is made between the cognitions and emotions experienced at the time of the trauma and, subsequently, in flashback experiences, and secondary negative appraisals. The term peritraumatic emotional “hotspot” is used to describe moments of peak distress during trauma. It is argued that a focus on cognitively restructuring these peritraumatic emotional hotspots within reliving can significantly improve the effectiveness of the treatment of PTSD and help explain some treatment failures with traditional prolonged exposure. An approach to the identification and treatment of these hotspots is detailed for a range of cognitions and emotions not limited to fear.

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