Stimulus and response repetition effects in retrieval from short-term memory. Trace decay and memory search.

1973 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward E. Smith ◽  
William G. Chase ◽  
Peter G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Memory Trace ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Search ◽  
Response Repetition ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Repetition Effects ◽  
Term Memory

Memory search in a Brown-Peterson short-term memory paradigm.

1973 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Gorfein ◽  
David E. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Search ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory

scholarly journals Does the mismatch negativity operate on a consciously accessible memory trace?

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. e1500677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R. Dykstra ◽  
Alexander Gutschalk
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
Memory Trace ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Overt Behavior ◽  
Auditory Evoked Response ◽  
Auditory Oddball

The extent to which the contents of short-term memory are consciously accessible is a fundamental question of cognitive science. In audition, short-term memory is often studied via the mismatch negativity (MMN), a change-related component of the auditory evoked response that is elicited by violations of otherwise regular stimulus sequences. The prevailing functional view of the MMN is that it operates on preattentive and even preconscious stimulus representations. We directly examined the preconscious notion of the MMN using informational masking and magnetoencephalography. Spectrally isolated and otherwise suprathreshold auditory oddball sequences were occasionally random rendered inaudible by embedding them in random multitone masker “clouds.” Despite identical stimulation/task contexts and a clear representation of all stimuli in auditory cortex, MMN was only observed when the preceding regularity (that is, the standard stream) was consciously perceived. The results call into question the preconscious interpretation of MMN and raise the possibility that it might index partial awareness in the absence of overt behavior.

scholarly journals Task conditions and short-term memory search: two-phase model of STM search

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Orzechowski ◽  
Edward Nęcka ◽  
Robert Balas
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Search ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Phase Model ◽  
Search Performance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Sternberg Paradigm ◽  
Task Conditions

Abstract Short-term memory (STM) search, as investigated within the Sternberg paradigm, is usually described as exhaustive rather than self-terminated, although the debate concerning these issues is still hot. We report three experiments employing a modified Sternberg paradigm and show that whether STM search is exhaustive or self-terminated depends on task conditions. Specifically, STM search self-terminates as soon as a positive match is found, whereas exhaustive search occurs when the STM content does not contain a searched item. Additionally, we show that task conditions influence whether familiarity- or recollection-based strategies dominate STM search performance. Namely, when speeding up the tempo of stimuli presentation increases the task demands, people use familiarity-based retrieval more often, which results in faster but less accurate recognition judgments. We conclude that STM search processes flexibly adapt to current task conditions and finally propose two-phase model of STM search.

scholarly journals Repetition effects in short-term memory

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 367-368
Author(s):  
Arthur L. Irion ◽  
John J. Boswell ◽  
James T. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Repetition Effects ◽  
Term Memory

Repetition effects in iconic and verbal short-term memory.

1974 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 901-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Besner ◽  
J. K. Keating ◽  
Leslie J. Cake ◽  
Richard Maddigan
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Repetition Effects ◽  
Term Memory

Computational modeling of individual differences in short term memory search

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Chuderski ◽  
Zbigniew Stettner ◽  
Jaroslaw Orzechowski
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Search ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory
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