Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. II. The pyrrolizidine nucleus in ester and non-ester alkaloids and their derivatives

1965 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
CCJ Culvenor ◽  
WG Woods
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Vicinal Coupling Constants ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
Saturated Ring ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectra

Chemical shifts and coupling constants are tabulated for the protons of the pyrrolizidine nucleus in 40 pyrrolizidine alkaloids and derivatives. The effect of acylation of hydroxyl substituents on C7 and C9 and the very large difference in chemical shift of the H9 protons in the macrocyclic diester alkaloids is discussed. The direction of buckling of the saturated ring can be ascertained from the H5,H6 vicinal coupling constants or from the width of the H7 multiplet if H7 bears an oxygen substituent. In general, retronecine derivatives are exo-buckled whereas heliotridine derivatives consist of interconverting exo- and endo-buckled forms.

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. I. The spectra of retronecine and heliotridine

1965 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
CCJ Culvenor ◽  
ML Heffernen ◽  
WG Woods
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

The chemical shifts and coupling constants of the protons in retronecine and heliotridine are derived by detailed analysis of the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of these compounds. The factors which influence the appearance and ease of interpretation of spectra of pyrrolizidine derivatives, principally the chemical shift difference of the H 6 protons and conformational averaging, are discussed. The conformations of retronecine and heliotridine are discussed in relation to their coupling constants; the former compound is exo-buckled whereas the latter is a mixture of rapidly interconverting exo- and endo-buckled forms.

Flavan derivatives. XXI. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, configuration, and conformation of flavan derivatives

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2059 ◽  
Author(s):  
JW Clark-Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Heterocyclic Ring ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Vicinal Coupling Constants ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
Configuration And Conformation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of 80 compounds belonging to several classes of flavan derivative have been analysed, and chemical shifts and coupling constants of heterocyclic ring protons and aromatic protons are tabulated and discussed. Compounds examined include flav-2-enes, flav-3-enes, 3-substituted flavanones and flavans, 2- and 4-substituted isoflavans, 3,4-disubstituted flavans, and flavan-4-ols. The geometrical configurations of substituents in the heterocyclic ring follow unequivocally from the magnitudes of the vicinal coupling constants.

scholarly journals Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of oxazoles

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (23) ◽  
pp. 3168-3170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk Hiemstra ◽  
Hendrik A. Houwing ◽  
Okko Possel ◽  
Albert M. van Leusen
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Proton Coupling ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
C Nmr ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

The 13C nmr spectra of oxazole and eight mono- and disubstituted derivatives have been analyzed with regard to the chemical shifts and the various carbon–proton coupling constants of the ring carbons. The data of the parent oxazole are compared with thiazole and 1-methylimidazole.

13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of 3,6-disubstituted pyridazines

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 972-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gottfried Heinisch ◽  
Wolfgang Holzer
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Spin Coupling ◽  
Molecular Orbital Calculations ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

The 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of 17 3,6-disubstituted pyridazine derivatives have been systematically analyzed. Chemical shifts and various 13C, 1H coupling constants are reported. Attempts were made to correlate these data with results obtained from semiempirical molecular orbital calculations as well as with substituent electronegativities and Taft's substituent constants σI and σR0. Key words: 3,6-disubstituted pyridazines, 13C NMR spectroscopy, 13C, 1H spin coupling constants.

Selenium-77 nuclear magnetic resonance studies of selenols, diselenides, and selenenyl sulfides

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khoon-Sin Tan ◽  
Alan P. Arnold ◽  
Dallas L. Rabenstein
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

77Se and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra have been measured for selenols (RSeH), diselenides (RSeSeR), and selenenyl sulfides (RSeSR′), including selenenyl sulfides formed by reaction of glutathione and penicillamine with selenocystine and related diselenides. Exchange processes strongly affect the 77Se and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of all three classes of compounds. Sharp, exchange-averaged resonances are observed in the 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of selenols; however, selenol proton exchange causes the 77Se resonances to be extremely broad over the pH range where the selenol group is titrated. Selenol/diselenide exchange [Formula: see text] also results in exchange-averaged 1H resonances for solutions containing RSeH and RSeSeR; however, the 77Se resonances were too broad to detect. Exchange reactions have similar effects on nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of solutions containing selenols and selenenyl sulfides. The results indicate selenol/diselenide exchange is much faster than thiol/disulfide exchange. The 77Se chemical shift depends on the chemical state of the selenium, e.g., titration of the selenol group of selenocysteamine causes the 77Se resonance to be shielded by 164 ppm, oxidation of the selenol to form the diselenide selenocystamine causes a deshielding of 333 ppm, and oxidation to form the selenenyl sulfide [Formula: see text] results in a deshielding of 404 ppm. 77Se chemical shifts were found to be in the range −240 to −270 ppm (relative to (CH3)2Se) for selenolates, approximately −80 ppm for selenols, 230–360 ppm for diselenides, and 250–340 ppm for selenenyl sulfides. The 77Se chemical shift is also affected by titration of neighboring carboxylic acid and ammonium groups, and their pkA values can be calculated from 77Se chemical shift data.

The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra of Compounds Related to DDT. I. Non-Aromatic Protons

1965 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 150-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman E. Sharpless ◽  
Robert B. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Limiting Behavior ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

The nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of a series of compounds related to DDT have been studied as they are influenced by ring or aliphatic substituents or by aliphatic structural changes The chemical shift of the benzylic or α proton follows the Hammett equation for ring substituents and the Taft variation of this equation for aliphatic substituents. Alkoxy substituents on the ring show alternation of chemical shift of the —OCH2— group protons with chain length and limiting behavior of the terminal methyl group with chain length. Dehydrochlorination of o,p-DDD produces cis-trans isomers. Coupling constants are shown to be influenced by ring substitution, particularly ortho chlorine.

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