Postmenopausal bleeding on hormone replacement therapy: review of the current referral guidelines

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 920-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Abouzeid ◽  
PW Reginald
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Postmenopausal Bleeding

Hysteroscopy in women with abnormal uterine bleeding on hormone replacement therapy: a comparison with postmenopausal bleeding

1996 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1145-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Nagele ◽  
Hugh O’Connor ◽  
Thomas F. Baskett ◽  
Anthony Davies ◽  
Hossam Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Postmenopausal Bleeding

Postmenopausal bleeding

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 709-716
Author(s):  
Rebecca Pugh ◽  
Anna Humphries
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Secondary Care ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Postmenopausal Bleeding ◽  
Urgent Referral ◽  
Underlying Malignancy ◽  
Unscheduled Bleeding ◽  
Careful History

Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) is one of the most common reasons for referral to gynaecology services. This is due to the concern of possible underlying malignancy, as approximately 10% of women with PMB will have endometrial cancer. With growing use of hormone replacement therapy there is increased uncertainty as to what constitutes unscheduled bleeding and careful history and examination is required. Although benign conditions represent the most frequent cause of PMB, all women will require urgent referral and investigation in secondary care.

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