Sporidial Mating-Type Ratios of Teliospores from Natural Populations of the Anther Smut Fungus Microbotryum (= Ustilago) violaceum

1997 ◽  
Vol 158 (5) ◽  
pp. 575-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Kaltz ◽  
Jacqui A. Shykoff
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Smut Fungus ◽  
Anther Smut

scholarly journals Extensive Divergence Between Mating-Type Chromosomes of the Anther-Smut Fungus

Genetics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 193 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Hood ◽  
Elsa Petit ◽  
Tatiana Giraud
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Smut Fungus ◽  
Anther Smut

Conjugation in Ustilago violacea. I. Morphology

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. H. Poon ◽  
J. Martin ◽  
A. W. Day
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Smut Fungus ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Opposite Mating Type ◽  
Ustilago Violacea ◽  
Anther Smut

Conjugation in the anther smut fungus, Ustilago violacea, is described and five stages are characterized viz. (i) intimate pairing of cells of opposite mating type; (ii) development of bumps from each cell at the point of pairing. The cell walls of opposing pegs are fused, but the plasma membranes are not yet affected; (iii) elongation of the bumps into pegs; (iv) dissolution of the walls and plasma membranes of opposing pegs at the point of contact, and the formation of a tube; (v) elongation of the tube to the mature mating configuration (about 5 μm). Electron micrographs and Nomarski interference contrast micrographs of this sequence are illustrated. The assembly of the conjugation tube begins as early as 1.5 h after the cells are mixed on mating medium and is completed in about 45 min. Even in asynchronous populations there is a burst of synchronous mating, followed by later asynchronous mating. Observations on the ability to mate of unbudded and budded cells support the evidence from cell cycle work that allele a1 mates only in the G1 phase (unbudded) while allele a2 is competent to mate during all phases.

scholarly journals The Distribution of Mating-Type Bias in Natural Populations of the Anther-Smut Ustilago violacea on Silene alba in Virginia

Mycologia ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 372 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. Oudemans ◽  
H. M. Alexander ◽  
J. Antonovics ◽  
S. Altizer ◽  
P. H. Thrall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Ustilago Violacea ◽  
Silene Alba ◽  
Anther Smut

Fungal fimbriae. II. Their role in conjugation in Ustilago violacea

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Day ◽  
N. H. Poon
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Smut Fungus ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Opposite Mating Type ◽  
Sensitive Material ◽  
Ustilago Violacea ◽  
Anther Smut

During conjugation in the anther smut fungus Ustilago violacea cells of opposite mating type first pair tightly and then develop a conjugation tube or bridge between them. The cells of both mating types are covered in long fine hairs or fimbriae, some of which appear to end in knobs. Experiments involving enzyme treatments of the cell surface indicate that these fimbriae do not play an essential role in cell pairing, instead pairing seems to be initiated when one or both mating types produce amorphous masses of α-amylase-sensitive material. Electron micrographs, enzyme and inhibitor studies, and experiments using restrictive temperatures suggest, however, that fimbriae may be essential for the later stages of conjugation i.e. development of the conjugation tube. If so, it is suggested that they may permit the exchange of macromolecules between the conjugating cells, initiating localized wall-softening and wall-breakdown.

scholarly journals Evolutionary strata on young mating-type chromosomes despite the lack of sexual antagonism

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (27) ◽  
pp. 7067-7072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Branco ◽  
Hélène Badouin ◽  
Ricardo C. Rodríguez de la Vega ◽  
Jérôme Gouzy ◽  
Fantin Carpentier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Balancing Selection ◽  
Smut Fungi ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Sexual Antagonism ◽  
Recombination Suppression ◽  
Ancestral Gene ◽  
Anther Smut ◽  
Mating Type Genes ◽  
Suppressed Recombination

Sex chromosomes can display successive steps of recombination suppression known as “evolutionary strata,” which are thought to result from the successive linkage of sexually antagonistic genes to sex-determining genes. However, there is little evidence to support this explanation. Here we investigate whether evolutionary strata can evolve without sexual antagonism using fungi that display suppressed recombination extending beyond loci determining mating compatibility despite lack of male/female roles associated with their mating types. By comparing full-length chromosome assemblies from five anther-smut fungi with or without recombination suppression in their mating-type chromosomes, we inferred the ancestral gene order and derived chromosomal arrangements in this group. This approach shed light on the chromosomal fusion underlying the linkage of mating-type loci in fungi and provided evidence for multiple clearly resolved evolutionary strata over a range of ages (0.9–2.1 million years) in mating-type chromosomes. Several evolutionary strata did not include genes involved in mating-type determination. The existence of strata devoid of mating-type genes, despite the lack of sexual antagonism, calls for a unified theory of sex-related chromosome evolution, incorporating, for example, the influence of partially linked deleterious mutations and the maintenance of neutral rearrangement polymorphism due to balancing selection on sexes and mating types.

scholarly journals Strong phylogeographic co-structure between the anther-smut fungus and its white campion host

2016 ◽  
Vol 212 (3) ◽  
pp. 668-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Feurtey ◽  
Pierre Gladieux ◽  
Michael E. Hood ◽  
Alodie Snirc ◽  
Amandine Cornille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smut Fungus ◽  
White Campion ◽  
Anther Smut

scholarly journals Maximized virulence in a sterilizing pathogen: the anther-smut fungus and its co-evolved hosts

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1544-1554 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. SLOAN ◽  
T. GIRAUD ◽  
M. E. HOOD
Keyword(s):  
Smut Fungus ◽  
Anther Smut

scholarly journals Characterization of mating-type loci in rice false smut fungus Villosiclava virens

2015 ◽  
Vol 362 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-jie Yu ◽  
Wen-xian Sun ◽  
Mi-na Yu ◽  
Xiao-le Yin ◽  
Xiang-kun Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Smut Fungus ◽  
Rice False Smut ◽  
Villosiclava Virens ◽  
False Smut
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