African American Agency in US Foreign Policy: World War II to the PresentCarol Anderson Bourgeois Radicals: The NAACP and the Struggle for Colonial Liberation, 1941–1960 New York: Cambridge University Press, 2015. Pp. 372. $32.99 (paper)Vincent J. Intondi African Americans Against the Bomb: Nuclear Weapons, Colonialism, and the Black Freedom Movement Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2015. Pp. 207. $24.95 (paper)

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-429
Author(s):  
Robert Shaffer
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
African American ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
Us Foreign Policy ◽  
World War ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Black Freedom Movement ◽  
Black Freedom ◽  
Freedom Movement

scholarly journals Police Misconduct, Community Opposition, and Urban Governance in New York City, 1945–1965

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Themis Chronopoulos
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
York City ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Police Misconduct ◽  
World War ◽  
Police Reform ◽  
Black Freedom

In the post–World War II period, the police department emerged as one of the most problematic municipal agencies in New York City. Patrolmen and their superiors did not pay much attention to crime; instead they looked the other way, received payoffs from organized crime, performed haphazardly, and tolerated conditions that were unacceptable in a modern city with global ambitions. At the same time, patrolmen demanded deference and respect from African American civilians and routinely demeaned and brutalized individuals who appeared to be challenging their authority. The antagonism between African Americans and the New York Police Department (NYPD) intensified as local and national black freedom organizations paid more attention to police behavior and made police reform one of their main goals.

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