Topological duality theorems. II. Non-closed sets

Author(s):  
P. S. Aleksandrov
1935 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Kaufmann

The successful development in recent years of the topology of general closed sets is largely due to the application of combinatory methods, which have led to an elaborate theory of approximation of closed sets by infinite cycles, to the generalization of duality theorems for closed sets, and to a geometrical theory of dimensions. Corresponding to the combinatory invariants involved the main results of these theories concern for the most part properties of the set as a whole, which cannot possibly express fully its internal and in particular its local structure. Still less is our knowledge of the eventual relations between the local structure of a set and its properties in the large.


2010 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 493-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. IVANCEVIC ◽  
D. J. REID

The purpose of this paper is to establish strong theoretical basis for solving practical problems in modeling the behavior of crowds. Based on the previously developed (entropic) geometrical model of crowd behavior dynamics, in this paper we formulate two duality theorems related to the crowd manifold. Firstly, we formulate the geometrical crowd-duality theorem and prove it using Lie-functorial and Riemannian proofs. Secondly, we formulate the topological crowd-duality theorem and prove it using cohomological and homological proofs. After that we discuss the related question of the connection between Lagrangian and Hamiltonian crowd-duality, and finally establish the globally dual structure of crowd dynamics. All used terms from algebraic topology are defined in Appendix A.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (ICBS Conference) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alias Khalaf ◽  
Sarhad Nami

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 2573-2582
Author(s):  
A. M. Anto ◽  
G. S. Rekha ◽  
M. Mallayya

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 9353-9360
Author(s):  
G. Selvi ◽  
I. Rajasekaran

This paper deals with the concepts of semi generalized closed sets in strong generalized topological spaces such as $sg^{\star \star}_\mu$-closed set, $sg^{\star \star}_\mu$-open set, $g^{\star \star}_\mu$-closed set, $g^{\star \star}_\mu$-open set and studied some of its basic properties included with $sg^{\star \star}_\mu$-continuous maps, $sg^{\star \star}_\mu$-irresolute maps and $T_\frac{1}{2}$-space in strong generalized topological spaces.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 921-926
Author(s):  
P. Anbarasi Rodrigo ◽  
K. Rajendra Suba

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