Recht am Geschenk des Lebens?

Der Beitrag untersucht und systematisiert die kirchenrechtlichen Perspektiven des Schreibens Samaritanus bonus über die Sorge an Personen in kritischen Phasen und in der Endphase des Lebens. Dabei wird vornehmlich das Ziel verfolgt, die rechtlichen Dimensionen der Seelsorge an Kranken und Sterbenden in der Verkündigung des Wortes Gottes, in der Feier der Sakramente (vornehmlich Beichte, Krankensalbung und Eucharistie) und der Caritas zum Schutz des menschlichen Lebens zu erfassen. Zugleich wird die damit verbundene Frage erörtert, wie kirchliches Recht als solches auf staatliche Gesetze reagieren kann, die darauf abzielen, durch Suizid und Euthanasie ein Recht am oder gegen das Geschenk des Lebens zu legitimieren. The article examines and systematises the canonical perspectives of the letter Samaritanus bonus on the care of persons in the critical and terminal phases of life. The main aim is to grasp the legal dimensions of pastoral care for the sick and dying in the proclamation of the Word of God, in the celebration of the sacraments (primarily confession, extreme unction and Eucharist) and in caritas for the protection of human life. At the same time, the related question of how ecclesiastical law as such can respond to state laws aimed at legitimising a right to or against the gift of life through suicide and euthanasia is discussed.

A Densely Connected GRU Neural Network Based on Coattention Mechanism for Chinese Rice-Related Question Similarity Matching

In the question-and-answer (Q&A) communities of the “China Agricultural Technology Extension Information Platform”, thousands of rice-related Chinese questions are newly added every day. The rapid detection of the same semantic question is the key to the success of a rice-related intelligent Q&A system. To allow the fast and automatic detection of the same semantic rice-related questions, we propose a new method based on the Coattention-DenseGRU (Gated Recurrent Unit). According to the rice-related question characteristics, we applied word2vec with the TF-IDF (Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency) method to process and analyze the text data and compare it with the Word2vec, GloVe, and TF-IDF methods. Combined with the agricultural word segmentation dictionary, we applied Word2vec with the TF-IDF method, effectively solving the problem of high dimension and sparse data in the rice-related text. Each network layer employed the connection information of features and all previous recursive layers’ hidden features. To alleviate the problem of feature vector size increasing due to dense splicing, an autoencoder was used after dense concatenation. The experimental results show that rice-related question similarity matching based on Coattention-DenseGRU can improve the utilization of text features, reduce the loss of features, and achieve fast and accurate similarity matching of the rice-related question dataset. The precision and F1 values of the proposed model were 96.3% and 96.9%, respectively. Compared with seven other kinds of question similarity matching models, we present a new state-of-the-art method with our rice-related question dataset.

Counter-narratives

Adrian A. Husain, “Counter-narratives: Wuthering Heights and the Intervals of the Brutalized Self” (pp. 33–56) This essay is concerned with meaning and genre and how these become accessible in our encounter with the critically strange. The focus is on a deconstruction and redefinition, by Emily Brontë in Wuthering Heights (1847), of “reality” as a given of domestic realism and a situating of the “real” in the interstices of Gothic romance and domestic realism. The essay contends that Brontë perceives the question of reality and the related question of genre as initially arising at the level of reading and as a problematic of perception necessarily linked to the esoteric nature of literary discourse itself. That reality, to be inclusive, must allow for the crucial idea of pain and the sentient self is understood. The departure from contemporary fiction is seen as involving a symbiosis and at the same time a radical disjunction between civil and visceral, localized and phantasmagorical, whereby a renewed reality—a new narrative space—is enabled to come about. Wuthering Heights is perceived as moving away, with a view to achieving a realized meaning, from the deliberate construct of language toward an involuntary and fragmented mimetic mode—or a language of the gut—more directly expressive of emotion. The essay argues that the production of a hybridized temporal perspective—or a “Bergsonian” time—is equally part of Brontë’s quest for reality.

NATURE AND PATTERN OF NECK AND SHOULDER PAIN IN HOME ECONOMIST AMONG JHASI (U.P.)

INTRODUCTION: To indentify the anatomic site, nature, pattern & severity of neck and shoulder pain among housewives, find out incidence of pain, find out recurrence of neck and shoulder pain , to determine which activities are more prone to aggravate the neck and shoulder pain. To survey awareness of neck and shoulder pain among housewives at Jhansi (U.P.) To identify nature and pattern of neck and shoulder pain among OBJECTIVE OF STUDY: housewives by Random Sampling done in the Jhansi City, UP. Housewives completed a METHODOLOGY: questionnaire about her neck and shoulder pain related questions, movement and pain related questions, ADL problems related question. Questionnaire form, Neck & Shoulder Assessment In OUTCOME MEASURES: CONCLUSION: conclusion, the survey shows that out of 51 women, around 50% housewives suffer from neck and shoulder pain with either a moderate score of 10-20% or a median score of 40-50%.

FC 113UTILITY OF A SINGLE ITCH-RELATED QUESTION AND THE SKINDEX-10 QUESTIONNAIRE FOR ASSESSING PRURITUS AND PREDICTING HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

Background and Aims Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) has been linked with comorbid conditions, and poorer mental and physical health-related quality-of-life (HR-QOL) in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The Skindex-10 questionnaire and a single itch-related question from the KDQOL-36 have been used to evaluate the impact of pruritus in HD patients. In this analysis, we investigated the performance of the single question and the Skindex-10 as predictors of HR-QOL in HD patients. Method We analyzed data from 4940 HD patients from 17 countries enrolled during year 2 of phase 5 of the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS, 2013): Belgium, Canada, Germany, the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates), Italy, Japan, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, the UK, and the US. The Skindex-10 scores were calculated as per Mathur et al. (2010): responses to each of the 10 questions (0-6 scale), pertaining to how often patients were bothered by itchy skin in the past week, were summed to create a total summary score (range 0-60, with 0 indicating not at all bothered) and 3 subdomain scores [i.e., itching (disease) and its impact on mood/emotional and social functioning]. The itch-related single question from the KDQOL-36 asked: “During the past 4 weeks, to what extent were you bothered by itchy skin?” with response options including “not at all, somewhat, moderately, very much, extremely”. Itch-related measures were collected concurrently with HR-QOL measures: Physical (PCS) and Mental (MCS) Component Summary scores, derived from the SF-12. We calculated the Spearman correlation coefficient between the Skindex-10 (total score and for each of its 3 domains) and the single question. We used separate linear regression models to evaluate the predictive power of 1) the Skindex-10 score, 2) the single itch question, and 3) both, on PCS and MCS outcomes, based on R-squared values. Results Skindex-10 scores varied across countries; the proportion of patients with a very high Skindex-10 score (≥50) ranged from 12% in the GCC to only 2% in Italy, Russia and Sweden. Across all countries, 55% had a Skindex-10 score=0. For the single pruritus question, 37% answered that they were not at all bothered while 16% were very much or extremely bothered by itchy skin. The correlation between the single question and Skindex-10 was 0.71 overall, 0.72 for the disease domain, 0.62 for the social domain, and 0.70 for the emotional domain. Patient characteristics were similar across categories of both pruritus measures. Regression analyses showed that every 10 points higher in the Skindex-10 score was associated with 1.2 point lower PCS (95% CI: -1.4, -0.9) and 1.5 point lower MCS (95% CI: -1.7, -1.3) scores. Similarly, the single question showed increasingly poorer PCS and MCS scores with a greater degree of being bothered by pruritus: compared with patients not at all bothered by itchy skin, patients who were moderately bothered had 4.8 point lower PCS (-5.7, -3.9) and 4.3 point lower MCS (-5.3, -3.3) scores. The R-squared for PCS was 0.065 when using the single question and only 0.033 when using the Skindex-10 as the predictor. R-squared was also higher for MCS when using the single question (0.056) vs. Skindex-10 (0.052). When including both pruritus measures, the predictive power for PCS did not improve compared to the single question (R2=0.065), while increasing only slightly (R2=0.063) for MCS. Conclusion The single KDQOL-36 question about the extent bothered by itchy skin over the past 4 weeks was highly correlated with the Skindex-10 score and at least as predictive – if not more – of key HR-QOL measures as the Skindex-10. In daily clinical practice, utilizing 1 simple question about the extent patients are bothered by itchy skin can be a feasible and efficient way for routine assessment of pruritus to better identify HD patients with not only CKD-aP but also poorer HR-QoL.

Fact and Fiction

This chapter assesses how much novels can reveal about the various mechanisms underlying human consciousness. Some might say, very little, and argue that only scientific study can uncover such mechanisms. However, because language plays such a key role in shaping human consciousness, the fictional explorations of the human condition that we find in novelistic literature can greatly add to our scientific understanding by concretizing that condition in its diverse forms. The chapter also explores a related question: how much do novels draw on new insights about the nature of consciousness, so increasing their ability to inform us about the human condition, and its relationship to changing forms of society? The best novels have a complexity and ambiguity of meaning that itself reflects the many contradictions in society and the individual psyche within that society. Importantly, this means there can be multiple readings of great novels, with different readers interpreting them in various ways. The chapter then examines several novels that have multiple interpretations and which also illuminate and enhance our understanding of different aspects of consciousness. These include Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights (1847), Henry James’s The Turn of the Screw (1898), William Golding’s Pincher Martin (1956), and Kazuo Ishiguro’s The Unconsoled (1995).

Team and Nation: Sports, Nationalism, and Attitudes Toward Refugees

How do major national events influence attitudes toward non-nationals? Recent research suggests that national sports team wins help foster national pride, weaken ethnic attachments, and build trust among conational out-group members. This paper asks a related question: By heightening nationalism, do these victories also affect attitudes toward foreign out-groups, specifically refugees? We examine this question using the 2019 Africa Cup football match between Kenya and Tanzania, which Kenya narrowly won, coupled with an online survey experiment conducted with a panel of 2,647 respondents recruited through Facebook. We find that winning increases national pride and preferences for resource allocation toward conationals, but it also leads to negative views of refugees’ contribution to the country’s diversity. However, we present experimental evidence that reframing national sports victories as a product of cooperation among diverse players and highlighting shared superordinate identities can offset these views and help foster positive attitudes toward refugees.

لے پالک بچوں کا نسب اوردیگر احکام: ایک شرعی جائزہ

To have children is one of the numerous blessing of Allah. Its value lies in the fact that the prophets have also aspired for children through invocation. The greatest divine policy behind this blessing is that Allah bestow someone with a son other with a daughter, some are blessed only with daughter, other with son yetis some are rendered childless, that is to have no children just because of the greatest divine power. under this paramount power some people are not blessed with of children. despite the worldly falsifies man is helpless and worried. A young married couple visit their doctor if they are not blessed with the valuable gift of children. They complaint against their ill -luck and ask other to pray on their behalf. When such people become extremely disappointed for haring no children are dander careless by their doctor. they become helpless and therefore seek for something to ensile them. They strive for the children and adopted other children, like that of sisters, brothers and other close relatives some time they offer their expenditures to keep the children of their close friends. They do so to make those children as their heirs under their protection. Sometime they try to get the children of the affected families. On some occasion, they visit the Edhi centers and welfare organization to deserve the heirless children to provide them proper maintenance. Such a child is called “Mutabanni and the person adopts it is called “Tabanni, in urdu it is called “بچہ گودلینا" The important point is about the legal status of such adopted child other related question about their heritage matrimony modesty and will making. It is research oriented subject. Therefore, such related issue is being discussed here for the convenience sake.

Phenomenological Reflections on the Structure of Transformation: The example of Sustainable Agriculture

This essay will move toward a phenomenology of “more” in ten steps. 1st, situates the investigation within the tradition of Husserlian phenomenological practice, then 2nd draws upon Husserl’s own experience of doing phenomenology. 3rd considers some initial aspects of the structure of the lived experience of “more” and 4th is about the number series, while 5th addresses the primal experience of time, space, and movement. 6th focuses on the phenomenological notion of horizons, then 7th turns to the related question of transcendence. 8th takes a critical look at a particular conceptual model sometime used in thinking about the experience of “more”; 9th briefly brings out one of the ethical implications of this critique; and finally, 10th highlights some of the ways in which the research documented here is itself still incomplete and demands “more”.Este ensayo se moverá hacia una fenomenología de "más" en diez pasos. El prime-ro, sitúa la investigación dentro de la tradición de la práctica fenomenológica husserliana; luego, el segundo se basa en la propia experiencia de Husserl de hacer fenomenología; el tercero considera algunos aspectos iniciales de la estructura de la experiencia vivida de "más" y el cuarto es sobre la serie numérica, mientras que el quinto aborda la experiencia primordial de tiempo, espacio y movimiento. El sexto se centra en la noción fenomenológica de horizontes; después el séptimo pasa a la cuestión relacionada con la trascendencia. El octavo echa una mirada crítica a un modelo conceptual particular usado en algún momento para pensar sobre la experiencia de "más"; el noveno destaca brevemente una de las implicaciones éticas de esta crítica;y, finalmente, el décimo resalta algunas de las formas en las que la investigación aquí documentada todavía está incompleta y exige "más".

Consciência intencional e autoconsciência. As teses de Brentano perante as teorias de ordem superior

En este artículo, examino algunas características importantes de las teorías de conciencia y autoconciencia de Brentano y Rosenthal. En particular, analizo la distinción entre estados mentales y estados conscientes, y la cuestión relacionada con de determinar si todos los estados mentales pueden convertirse en estados conscientes. Interpreto la teoría de Brentano como una teoría de la mente de un nivel que está de acuerdo con la fusión cartesiana entre los estados mentales y la conciencia. Argumento que los problemas que surgen de la posición de Brentano son, hasta cierto punto, superados por una teoría de orden superior, de modo que la posición de Rosenthal es más precisa. Sin embargo, estoy en desacuerdo con ambos en la interpretación de la consciencia de un estado mental como autoconciencia. Desarrollo los fundamentos de una teoría basada en la primacía del organismo y su mundo vital, y de la experiencia consciente como la forma superior de la vida mental, que tiene, sin embargo, sus raíces en la compleja red de estados mentales que son no estados conscientes.In this paper, I examine some important features of Brentano’s and Rosenthal’s theories of consciousness and self-consciousness. In particular, I discuss the distinction between mental states and conscious states, and the related question of determining whether all mental states can become conscious states. I interpret Brentano’s theory as a one-level theory of mind which is in keeping with the Cartesian conflation between mental states and conscious-ness. I argue that the problems arising from Brentano’s position are to a certain extent surpassed by a higher-order theory, so that Rosenthal’s position is more accurate. Nevertheless, I disagree with both in the construal of the consciousness of a mental state as self-consciousness. I develop then the fundamentals for a theory based on the primacy of the organism and its vital world, and of conscious experience as the higher form of mental life, which has, however, its roots in the complex net of mental states which are not conscious states.