Urban Spread of Flaviviruses: A New Challenge in Solid-organ Transplant Recipients

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-151
Author(s):  
Paolo Antonio Grossi
Keyword(s):  
Transplant Recipient ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipient ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
The World ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Abstract Yellow fever has never previously been reported in transplant recipients. The first reported case of yellow fever in a kidney transplant recipient in Brazil and the re-emergence of arboviruses in many areas of the world dictate the need of studies aimed to answer multiple unanswered questions.

scholarly journals FusariumInfection in a Kidney Transplant Recipient Successfully Treated with Voriconazole

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Alkhunaizi ◽  
Ali M. Bazzi ◽  
Ali A. Rabaan ◽  
Elwaleed A. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Transplant Recipient ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipient ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Organ Transplant Recipients ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Fusariuminfections in solid-organ transplant recipients are rare and carry high mortality. We report a case of a kidney transplant recipient who developed infection withFusariumspecies. The patient received treatment with oral voriconazole for five months with good response.

Single Center Analysis of Incidence and Outcome of COVID-19 Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1064-1067
Author(s):  
M Asim Rana ◽  
M Ahad Qayyum ◽  
Amer Latif ◽  
M Afzal Bhatti ◽  
Syed Arsalan Khalid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Organ Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant Recipients ◽  
Overall Mortality

Aim: To determine overall mortality, outcome and mortality of COVID 19 infection in solid organ transplant pts. Study design: Retrospective study. Place and duration of study: Department of Medicine, Bahria International Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan15thApril 2020 to 31stDecember 2020. Methodology: Twenty-three patients 18 out of which were kidney transplant recipients while 5 were liver transplant recipients. All the solid organ transplant patients who were admitted with Sars CoV2 (Corona virus) infection were recorded. Their charts were reviewed regarding clinical course, management, and outcome of COVID-19 infection in recipients of solid organ (liver and kidney) transplant. Results: Mean age was 44.8±10.9 years. Median time lapsed from transplant surgery to admission was 2.88 years (interquartile range 2.25, 7.33). Median hospital stay was 15 days (interquartile range 13, 28). All 23 patients were admitted and managed, with 17 (73.91%) admitted in ICU. Over half of the cases (58.2%) presented with raised serum creatinine due to acute kidney injury. 80% received azithromycin, Tocilizumab and 50% received Remdesivir.Antimetabolites with or without calcineurin inhibitors were held or reduced. A total of 5 patients had died while the others 18 patients (78.26%) were discharged home. Conclusion: There is a theoretical high risk of getting Sars CoV-2 infection in post-transplant patients but we did not find any increase in overall mortality in solid organ transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressive therapy who acquired Sars CoV2 infection as compared with mortality in the general patients with SARS-CoV-2. We had favorable outcome in solid organ transplant COVID 19 patients in our center. Keywords: Incidence, Outcome, COVID-19, Infection

Aspergillus Infections among Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Case Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-189
Author(s):  
Joann Pfundstein
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Transplant Recipient ◽  
Heart Transplant ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Heart Transplant Recipient ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Infection remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among transplant recipients. Aspergillus infections in particular are associated with a high mortality rate. The diagnosis of Aspergillus among transplant recipients may be difficult, because many patients have multiple complications. This article presents a case of Aspergillus in a heart transplant recipient. The discussion provides an overview of the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of Aspergillus infections.

scholarly journals An Atypical Subcutaneous Cytomegalovirus Infection Mimicking a Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder in a Solid Organ Transplant Recipient

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Young Park ◽  
Su Young Kim ◽  
Suk Hyun Bae ◽  
Sang Youb Han
Keyword(s):  
Transplant Recipient ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Organ Transplant Recipients ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant recipients and immunocompromised hosts. However, tissue-invasive CMV infection, causing cutaneous or subcutaneous diseases, has been rarely reported in the literature, and proper diagnosis can be easily delayed due to the rarity. Here, we report a rare case of a 45-year-old male renal transplant recipient, presenting with subcutaneous nodules. The nodules were initially suspected as a post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) on CT scan. However, biopsy later indicated a CMV infection. Based on the present findings, clinicians and radiologists are suggested to consider CMV infection as a differential diagnosis of subcutaneous nodular lesions in solid organ transplant recipients.

scholarly journals Heart transplant recipient survivor from COVID-19: The first case of Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 674-679
Author(s):  
Güle Çınar
Keyword(s):  
Transplant Recipient ◽  
Heart Transplant ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Heart Transplant Recipient ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Organ Transplant Recipients ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Any highly infectious and rapidly spreading disease is a primary concern for immunocompromised solid organ transplant recipients. The number of data about the spectrum of clinical illness, the treatment modalities, and the outcomes of COVID-19 in this vulnerable population is scant and still remains empirical. Herein, we report the first COVID-19 case of a heart transplant recipient in Turkey who presented with fever, postnasal discharge, and myalgias for two days. The possibility of lung involvement was ruled out by thoracic computed tomography. Despite stable vital signs, we reduced the intensity of immunosuppressive therapy and maintained home self-isolation promptly. We also commenced a five-day course of hydroxychloroquine 200 mg q12h initially. After confirmation of real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction testing of the nasopharyngeal swab positive for COVID-19, the patient was hospitalized. After a loading dose of favipiravir 1,600 mg b.i.d., the patient received a five-day course of favipiravir 600 mg q12h. He was discharged with cure after 23 days of hospital isolation and treatment. In conclusion, treatment process can be affected by the daily electrocardiography, hand-held portable echocardiography, myocardial injury markers, and pulse oximeter for self-monitoring in the follow-up of previous heart transplant recipients suffering from COVID-19. The lack of treatment protocols in the solid organ transplant recipients with COVID-19 infection and the controversies about the protective effect of immunosuppression invite a global and update discussion.

scholarly journals Combination checkpoint blockade for metastatic cutaneous malignancies in kidney transplant recipients

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan H Trager ◽  
Shana M Coley ◽  
Geoffrey Dube ◽  
Shaheer Khan ◽  
Matthew Ingham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Graft Function ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant ◽  
Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Combination Immunotherapy ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

BackgroundImmune checkpoint blockade has emerged as a highly effective treatment for patients with metastatic melanoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Nivolumab blocks the interactions between programmed cell death protein 1 and programmed death ligand 1 allowing for activation of a latent immune response against the malignancy. Ipilimumab binds to and blocks cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, alleviating the negative regulation of T-cell activation that is mediated by that checkpoint. Combination therapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab is associated with longer overall survival at 5 years compared with nivolumab monotherapy. Solid organ transplant recipients have a significantly higher risk of malignancies compared with the general population. There is limited data surrounding the efficacy of combination immunotherapy in solid organ transplant recipients, as these patients were excluded from seminal trials due to risk of organ rejection.Case presentationsHere we present four cases of combination immunotherapy in kidney transplant recipients. Three patients had metastatic melanoma, and one patient had metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Two patients had radiographic responses from immunotherapy, one patient had stable disease, and one patient had disease progression. Only one patient had biopsy-proven rejection. At last follow-up, three patients had functioning grafts, though one required hemodialysis after treatment, and one patient succumbed to disease, but graft function remained intact throughout her course.ConclusionsThese cases describe the use of ipilimumab and nivolumab combination immunotherapy for cutaneous malignancies in kidney transplant recipients. They highlight the potential to preserve kidney graft function while effectively treating the disease.Trial Registration numberNCT03816332.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Severity and Mortality in Solid Organ Transplantation: Differences between Liver, Heart, and Kidney Recipients

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Wesley Alberca ◽  
Gabriela Gama Freire Alberca ◽  
Lucas Chaves Netto ◽  
Raquel Leão Orfali ◽  
Sarah Cristina Gozzi-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplant ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant Recipients ◽  
Liver Transplant Recipients

The infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can generate a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to severe respiratory and systemic disease with coagulation disorder named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients with comorbidities have been identified as risk groups for severe COVID-19, also having a higher death risk. Previous reports have conflicting results regarding if solid organ transplant recipients present an increased risk for COVID-19. Nevertheless, previous investigations failed to distinguish between different organs received or made a longitudinal investigation on those patients. We recruited 39 solid organ transplant recipients: 25 kidney transplant recipients, 7 heart transplant recipients, and 7 liver transplant recipients and 25 age-matched non-transplant COVID-19 patients without comorbidities (control group) and compared daily laboratory data in addition to performing survival analysis. Heart and kidney transplant recipients presented an increase in several COVID-19 severity-associated biomarkers, such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and thrombocytopenia, in comparison to the control group and liver transplant recipients. Heart and kidney transplant recipients also presented an increase in the need for intensive care and invasive mechanical ventilation during the disease’s course. Importantly, heart and kidney transplant recipients presented a higher mortality rate in comparison to liver transplant recipients and non-transplant recipients. In our cohort, heart and kidney transplant recipients presented a difference in clinical characteristics and survival rate in comparison to liver transplant recipients. Further investigation involving immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in solid organ recipients should consider and separate patients according to the organ grafted.

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