Quantitation of Free, Total, and Antibody-bound Insulin in Insulin-Treated Diabetics

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 873-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D Gennaro ◽  
John D Van Norman
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Insulin Antibodies ◽  
Immunoreactive Insulin ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Free Insulin ◽  
Antigen Complex ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Glycol Solution

Abstract We describe a simplified method for measuring free, total, and antibody-bound insulin in insulin-treated patients in whom antibodies to insulin are present. The free, active insulin is extracted from the serum with a polyethylene glycol solution. Total insulin is extracted from the serum with a polyethylene glycol solution after dissociation of the antibody—antigen complex with dilute HCl. Aliquots of the extracts are used in the radioimmunoassay system. The figure for antibody-bound insulin is the difference between the total and free insulin values and reflects the concentration of insulin antibodies present. A commercially available ("Phadebas") radioimmunoassay for immunoreactive insulin was used to quantitate the insulin present in the two extracts. Recovery of added insulin averaged 85% for the free insulin and 87% for the total insulin.

Diagnosis of self-induced hyperinsulinism in an insulin-dependent diabetic patient by radioimmunoassay of free C-peptide.

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
M T Meistas ◽  
M S Kumar ◽  
O P Schumacher
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Diabetic Patient ◽  
Insulin Antibodies ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Free Insulin ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetic ◽  
Antigen Antibody ◽  
Plasma Free Insulin

Abstract On the basis of results of simultaneous determinations of plasma free insulin and free c-peptide, episodes of hypoglycemia in an insulin-dependent diabetic were attributed to surreptitious self-administration of insulin. Immunoreactive c-peptide values were falsely increased and diagnostically misleading when measured in unextracted plasma. After preliminary removal of antigen/antibody complexes from the plasma by extraction with polyethylene glycol, the c-peptide values, referred to as "free c-peptide," were suppressed. We suggest that insulin antibodies formed complexes with proinsulin-like material in the plasma of this patient, which accounted for most of the c-peptide immunoreactivity in her unextracted plasma. These complexes must be removed if c-peptide measurements are to be accurate.

Protein A-sepharose used to measure free insulin in plasma

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didler Chevenne ◽  
Franclne Valade ◽  
Marle-Pascal Bridel ◽  
Odlie Rigal ◽  
Jean-Francols Demelier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Insulin Antibodies ◽  
New Method ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin In Plasma ◽  
Free Insulin

Abstract Diabetic patients receiving insulin therapy generally develop anti-insulin antibodies that must be eliminated, usually by extraction with polyethylene glycol (PEG), before determining the concentration of free (active) insulin in plasma. We describe a new method for removing such antibodies, with the use of Protein A coupled to Sepharose microspheres. The results correlate well with those by the PEG method, although values are systematically higher or lower for given samples, according to the initial titer of the antibody measured in terms of binding capacity. Further studies are required to clarify this observation.

Use of a polyethylene glycol solution for the management of sand impaction in three dogs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randi Johnson ◽  
Samantha Wigglesworth ◽  
Rachel Moyle ◽  
Alex Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Glycol Solution

scholarly journals Primary insulin autoimmune syndrome in an Italian woman: a case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Balestrieri ◽  
Elena Magnani ◽  
Cecilia Ragazzini ◽  
Giampiero Pasini
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Insulin Antibodies ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Immunoreactive Insulin ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Hematological Diseases ◽  
Italian Woman ◽  
Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome ◽  
Autoimmune Syndrome ◽  
Primary Form

Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is a rare syndrome characterized by fasting or postprandial hypoglycemia, high levels of anti-insulin antibodies and high concentration of total serum immunoreactive insulin. It is relatively known in Japan, rare in remaining Asia and it is extremely uncommon in Western countries, being characterized by a different race-related incidence and associated with HLADR4 alleles. Usually IAS is related to particular drugs, or to autoimmune, rheumatologic or hematological diseases, while it is very rare as a primary form. Here we described a case of an Italian woman affected by a primary form of Hirata syndrome.

scholarly journals Bowel preparation for performing a colonoscopy: prospective randomized comparison study between a low-volume solution of polyethylene glycol and bisacodyl versus bisacodyl and a mannitol solution

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel Carlos Vieira ◽  
Claudio Lyoiti Hashimoto ◽  
Flair José Carrilho
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Gold Standard Method ◽  
Mannitol Solution ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Glycol Solution

CONTEXT: Colonoscopy is currently the gold standard method to examine the colon, the rectum and the terminal ileum. In order to perform the colonoscopy, it is necessary to clean the bowel and use medications that are generally poorly tolerated by the patients. OBJECTIVE: Compare the tolerability, acceptability, safety and efficacy of two solutions used for intestinal preparation for a colonoscopy. METHODS: One hundred patients matched for sex and age were prospective randomized into two groups. Polyethylene glycol group received bisacodyl 10 mg plus 1 L of polyethylene glycol the night before and 1 L on the day of the exam. Mannitol group received bisacodyl 20 mg the day before and 1 L of a 10% mannitol solution on the day of the exam. The diet was the same for both groups. Tolerability and acceptability were measured using previously validated questionnaires. In terms of safety, variations in vital signs before and after the preparation were recorded, in addition to any complications. The quality of the preparation was graded based on the Boston and Ottawa scales. RESULTS: Ninety-six percent (96%) completed the study. As for tolerability, the mannitol preparation group exhibited a significantly higher frequency of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and abdominal distension than polyethylene glycol group (P < 0.05). Acceptability was significantly better in polyethylene glycol group. The polyethylene glycol solution has also previously been shown to be safer than mannitol. No difference was observed in the quality of the preparation between the two preparation methods. CONCLUSIONS: The following conclusions can be made: polyethylene glycol solution had higher tolerability, acceptability, and safety than the mannitol and should be used instead of mannitol. Both preparation solutions have similar efficacy.

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