scholarly journals Composite damage zones in the subsurface

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zonghu Liao ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Huayao Zou ◽  
Fang Hao ◽  
Kurt J Marfurt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Tight Sandstone ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Intensity Mapping ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Composite Damage ◽  
Fracture Distribution ◽  
Earthquake Simulations ◽  
Dome Shape

SUMMARY The cumulative displacement by multiple slip events along faults may generate composite damage zones (CDZ) of increasing width, and could modify the hydraulic and mechanical properties of the faults. The internal architecture and fracture distribution within CDZs at the subsurface are analysed here by using seismic attributes of variance, curvature and dip-azimuth of the 3-D seismic reflection data from tight sandstone reservoirs in northeast Sichuan, China. The analysed faults intersect the reservoir within a depth range of 2.4–3.0 km. The damage intensity mapping revealed multiple CDZs with thicknesses approaching 1 km along faults ranging 3–15 km in length, and up to 1000 m of cumulative slip. The identification of numerous fault cores and associate damage zones led us to define three classes of CDZs: banded shape, box shape and dome shape. The mechanical strength contrasts and distortion of fault cores suggest potential weakening and strengthening (healing) mechanisms for formation of CDZs that can be extended to faulting processes and earthquake simulations.

Shallow 3-D seismic reflection surveying: Data acquisition and preliminary processing strategies

Geophysics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1434-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Büker ◽  
Alan G. Green ◽  
Heinrich Horstmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Processing Scheme ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Glacial Sediments ◽  
Reflection Data

A comprehensive strategy of 3-D seismic reflection data acquisition and processing has been used in a study of glacial sediments deposited within a Swiss mountain valley. Seismic data generated by a downhole shotgun source were recorded with single 30-Hz geophones distributed at 3 m × 3 m intervals across a 357 m × 432 m area. For most common‐midpoint (CMP) bins, traces covering a full range of azimuths and source‐receiver distances of ∼2 to ∼125 m were recorded. A common processing scheme was applied to the entire data set and to various subsets designed to simulate data volumes collected with lower density source and receiver patterns. Comparisons of seismic sections extracted from the processed 3-D subsets demonstrated that high‐fold (>40) and densely spaced (CMP bin sizes ⩽ 3 m × 3 m) data with relatively large numbers (>6) of traces recorded at short (<20 m) source‐receiver offsets were essential for obtaining clear images of the shallowest (<100 ms) reflecting horizons. Reflections rich in frequencies >100 Hz at traveltimes of ∼20 to ∼170 ms provided a vertical resolution of 3 to 6 m over a depth range of ∼15 to ∼150 m. The shallowest prominent reflection at 20 to 35 ms (∼15 to 27 m depth) originated from the boundary between a near‐surface sequence of clays/silts and an underlying unit of heterogeneous sands/gravels.

scholarly journals Estimating broad trend of acoustic impedance profile from observed seismic reflection data using first principles only

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-483
Author(s):  
Animesh Mandal ◽  
Santi Kumar Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
First Principles ◽  
Acoustic Impedance ◽  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Singular Value ◽  
Earth Model ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Impedance Profile

Abstract Estimation of broad features or the low-frequency part of acoustic impedance from conventional reflection data is an essential yet challenging step for quantitative interpretation of seismic data due to its band-limited nature. A missing low-frequency part leads to non-uniqueness in the solution as well as placing restrictions in recovering the absolute impedance values. The current industry practice fills this gap by assuming either an initial impedance model or statistical restrictions on such a model. Doing away with such assumptions but using only first principles (Zoeppritz's equations) and homogeneous layered earth model, we have formulated a set of linear equations that are then solved for an unknown reflection co-efficient using singular value decomposition (SVD) approach with time sampled seismic trace as the input data. The present work demonstrates the effectiveness of reconstructing a broad and smooth impedance profile from first principles and even from acquired seismic reflection data. It also illustrates the method's success with real data, while determining in one go the unknown scale factor linking the true and the relative seismic amplitudes, and the smallest singular value to be retained in the solution from only the knowledge of the average value of the acoustic impedance over the depth range in question. Thus, the salient feature of this work is the ability to reconstruct an approximate impedance profile from field data without the aid of an initial model or statistical assumption on the reflectivity series. This approximate impedance profile can serve as a reliable initial input for more refined inversion or geologic interpretation.

The style of transverse faulting in the Dead Sea basin from seismic reflection data: The Amazyahu fault

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avihu Ginzburg ◽  
Moshe Reshef ◽  
Zvi Ben-Avraham ◽  
Uri Schattner
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Dead Sea Basin ◽  
The Dead

Archive of digital boomer seismic reflection data collected offshore east-central Florida during USGS cruise 00FGS01, July 14-22, 2000

Data Series ◽  
10.3133/ds496 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice A. Subino ◽  
Shawn V. Dadisman ◽  
Dana S. Wiese ◽  
Karynna Calderon ◽  
Daniel C. Phelps
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
East Central ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Reflection Data

Archive of digital boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS field activity 04SGI01 in the Withlacoochee River of West-Central Florida, March 2004

Data Series ◽  
10.3133/ds119 ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karynna Calderon ◽  
Shawn V. Dadisman ◽  
Dann K. Yobbi ◽  
W. Scott McBride ◽  
James G. Flocks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
West Central ◽  
Field Activity

Archive of digital CHIRP seismic reflection data collected during USGS cruise 06SCC01 offshore of Isles Dernieres, Louisiana, June 2006

Data Series ◽  
10.3133/ds259 ◽  
2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnell S. Harrison ◽  
Shawn V. Dadisman ◽  
Nick F. Ferina ◽  
Dana S. Wiese ◽  
James G. Flocks
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Reflection Data

Archive of digital boomer and CHIRP seismic reflection data collected during USGS cruise 06FSH03 offshore of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, September 2006

Data Series ◽  
10.3133/ds308 ◽  
2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnell S. Harrison ◽  
Shawn V. Dadisman ◽  
Christopher D. Reich ◽  
Dana S. Wiese ◽  
Jason W. Greenwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Fort Lauderdale ◽  
Reflection Data

Archive of Digital Boomer Seismic Reflection Data Collected During USGS Field Activities 93LCA01 and 94LCA01 in Kingsley, Orange, and Lowry Lakes, Northeast Florida, 1993 and 1994

Data Series ◽  
10.3133/ds100 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karynna Calderon ◽  
Shawn V. Dadisman ◽  
Jack G. Kindinger ◽  
Jeffrey B. Davis ◽  
James G. Flocks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Reflection Data
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