Treatment of Pediatric Sleep Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 587-624
Author(s):  
Chana Chin ◽  
Iris A. Perez
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Pediatric Sleep Disorders ◽  
Pediatric Sleep

Sleep problems are common in childhood and are associated significant morbidities negatively impacting the patient and family and thus necessitating early intervention and treatment. This chapter is focused on management addressing the etiology and predisposing and precipitating factors of sleep disorders spanning from infancy to childhood and adolescence. Current recommendations for safe infant sleep, promotion of sleep hygiene strategies in childhood, and treatment options of representative pediatric sleep disorders such as sleep-disordered breathing, insomnia, sleep-related movement disorders, circadian rhythm disorders, and hypersomnia are reviewed. Additionally, management of sleep disorders unique to medical disorders such as Prader-Willi syndrome, Down syndrome, and autism also are addressed.

Melatonin Therapy of Pediatric Sleep Disorders: Recent Advances, Why it Works, Who are the Candidates and How to Treat

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Jan ◽  
Michael B. Wasdell ◽  
Russel J. Reiter ◽  
Margaret D. Weiss ◽  
Kyle P. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Pediatric Sleep Disorders ◽  
Pediatric Sleep

Management of sleep disorders in the menopausal transition

2021 ◽  
pp. 205336912110391
Author(s):  
Zoe Schaedel ◽  
Debra Holloway ◽  
Deborah Bruce ◽  
Janice Rymer
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Healthcare Utilisation ◽  
Menopausal Transition ◽  
Vasomotor Symptoms ◽  
Mood Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Profile

The menopausal transition is associated with increasing sleep disorders including sleep apnoea and restless leg syndrome. Insomnia is the most common and is recognised as a core symptom of the menopause. Guidelines to support decision making for women with sleep problems during the menopausal transition are lacking. Sleep problems are associated with negative impacts on healthcare utilisation, quality of life and work productivity. Sleep deprivation is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity and neurobehavioral dysfunction. Declining oestrogen is implicated as a cause of menopausal sleep disruption. Vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and menopausal mood disturbance are also factors in the complex aetiology. VMS commonly precipitate insomnia and, due to their prolonged duration, they often perpetuate the condition. Insomnia in the general population is most effectively treated with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) (also effective in the menopausal transition.) The associations of menopausal sleep disturbance with VMS and depression mean that other treatment options must be considered. Existing guidelines outline effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), CBT and antidepressants. HRT may indirectly help with sleep disturbance by treating VMS and also via beneficial effect on mood symptoms. The evidence base underpinning menopausal insomnia often references risks associated with HRT that are not in line with current international menopause guidelines. This may influence clinicians managing sleep disorders, leading to hesitation in offering HRT, despite evidence of effectiveness. Viewing sleep symptoms on an axis of menopausal symptoms – towards vasomotor symptoms or towards mood symptoms may help tailor treatment options towards the symptom profile.

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