Orthognathic surgery

2020 ◽  
pp. 211-288
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Distraction Osteogenesis ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Tissue Changes ◽  
Soft Tissue Changes

This chapter covers the diagnosis, assessment, and treatment planning for orthognathic surgery. Pre- and postsurgical orthodontics are described, and surgical management is outlined. Maxillary, mandibular, and chin osteotomies along with various modifications including segmental surgery are explained and illustrated. Subsequently, complications arising from the procedures and their management are explained. The chapter ends with sections on soft tissue changes, stability of postoperative results, distraction osteogenesis, and lastly, obstructive sleep apnoea.

Polysomnographic studies in children undergoing adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy

2002 ◽  
Vol 116 (9) ◽  
pp. 711-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anubhav Jain ◽  
J. K. Sahni
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Age Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Maximum Thickness ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Inferior Edge

Forty children (age group four to 12 years) undergoing adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy were subjected to pre- and post-operative polysomnography. Thorough clinical evaluation and X-ray soft tissue nasopharynx lateral view was carried out for all the patients. The tonsils were clinically graded from grade I to IV, whereas the adenoids were measured radiographically (using three different measurements) in all children. Thirty out of 40 (75 per cent) children presented with predominant obstructive symptoms, out of whom 22 (73.3 per cent) were found to have obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), i.e. apnoea index > five per hour. The remaining 10 (25 per cent) had predominantly inflammatory symptoms on presentation and out of these two (20 per cent) were found to have OSA. Relative adenoid size expressed as a ratio between the distance from the point of maximum thickness of adenoids along a line drawn along a straight part of the basiocciput and distance from the posterior nasal spine to the antero-inferior edge of the spheno-basioccipital synchondrosis, was found to have a highly significant correlation with the grade of OSA. In our study, all patients with this ratio greater than 0.64 were found to have OSA. No correlation between tonsil size and grade of OSA was found. There was a highly significant improvement in polysomnographic scores following surgery in all patients.

scholarly journals Study of soft tissue changes in the upper lip and nose after backward movement of the maxilla in orthognathic surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 385-392
Author(s):  
Suyun Seon ◽  
Hyun-Woo Lee ◽  
Bong-Jin Jeong ◽  
Baek-Soo Lee ◽  
Yong-Dae Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Tissue Changes ◽  
Soft Tissue Changes

scholarly journals A Perioral Soft Tissue evaluation after Orthognathic Surgery Using Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Scan

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 366-376
Author(s):  
Rahul Tiwari ◽  
P. Srinivas Chakravarthi ◽  
Vivekanand S. Kattimani ◽  
Krishna Prasad Lingamaneni
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Nasolabial Angle ◽  
Tissue Changes ◽  
Soft Tissue Changes ◽  
Tomography Scan

Background: Facial appearance is an important factor, affects social and psychological well-being. The ideal positioning of jaws and soft tissues is crucial during orthognathic surgery for a better outcome, but the response of facial soft tissues does not always reflect the exact movements of the underlying jaws in 1:1 ratio. So, soft tissue changes following orthognathic surgery require utmost attention during surgical correction to make successful treatment. Aims and Objectives: Evaluation of perioral soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgical procedures. The objectives of the study were to assess and compare pre and post-operative perioral soft tissue changes of lip width, nasolabial and mentolabial angle using Three Dimensional Computed Tomography scan (3DCT). Patient and Methods: The study involved ten patients for evaluation requiring orthognathic surgical procedures (maxillary or mandibular anteroposterior excess or deficiency, transverse deformities, vertical maxillary excess and facial asymmetry) presented to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery during 2014-2016. Pre and post-operative 3DCT scan were taken after 12 months using iCT 256 slice whole body CT scanner and evaluated for changes using Dicom PMS D view. Results: Significant changes were observed in nasolabial angle after maxillary advancement (1.81°) and maxillary setback procedure (2.73°). The mentolabial angle was significantly increased with mandibular setback procedures (3.27°). Mandibular advancement procedures showed both increase (3.6°) and decrease (7.6°) in mentolabial angle. Conclusion: 3DCT showed a significant difference in perioral soft tissue changes in nasolabial and mentolabial angle but no significant change was observed in lip width. 3DCT is a reliable tool for 3D assessment. The conventional thought of changes in Nasolabial angle after surgery is changing due to the underlying factors which should be considered for prediction.

A combined orthodontic / orthognathic approach in the management of obstructive sleep apnoea: Balancing treatment efficacy and facial aesthetics

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-362
Author(s):  
Naurine Shah ◽  
Peter D Waite ◽  
Chung H Kau
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Caucasian Woman ◽  
Facial Aesthetics ◽  
Airway Function ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a prevalent condition and has been extensively managed with orthognathic surgery using a variety of surgical techniques. This case report describes the successful management of a 56-year-old Caucasian woman with a bimaxillary retrusive profile and macroglossia complicated by OSA and the combined use of orthodontics and orthognathic surgery to improve Apnoea-Hypopnoea Index while maintaining facial aesthetics. The non-extraction treatment plan included: (1) pre-surgical orthodontic treatment to maximise aesthetics and functional occlusion after surgery; (2) maxillomandibular advancement using down fracture of the maxilla (Le Fort 1 osteotomy) with counter-clockwise rotation as well as bilateral sagittal split osteotomy with septoplasty to aid increase in airway function; and (3) post-surgical orthodontic finishing and alignment with self-ligating fixed appliances. Optimum aesthetic and functional results as well as an increase in the airway volume were achieved, without compromising facial aesthetics, with the cooperation of two specialties and the use of state-of-the-art technology during the surgical planning stages.

Soft tissue changes during distraction osteogenesis

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Apaydin ◽  
B. Yazdirduyev ◽  
T. Can ◽  
N. Keklikoglu
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Distraction Osteogenesis ◽  
Tissue Changes ◽  
Soft Tissue Changes

scholarly journals Surgical management of obstructive sleep apnoea: A position statement of the Australasian Sleep Association *

Respirology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1292-1308
Author(s):  
Stuart G. MacKay ◽  
Richard Lewis ◽  
Doug McEvoy ◽  
Simon Joosten ◽  
Nicolette R. Holt
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Management ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep
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