Pneumocystis jirovecii and microsporidia: An unusual coinfection in HIV patients?

Abstract Pneumocystis jirovecii and microsporidia species are recognized as opportunistic infectious pathogens in AIDS patients. Coinfection of both in one patient has been rarely reported. The aim of the present study was to investigate the coinfection of P. jirovecii and microsporidia in different tissues from AIDS deceased patients. Post mortem histological finding of P. jirovecii and microsporidia was demonstrated by means of the Grocott's methenamine silver and Brown Brenn staining, respectively. Molecular technique was used for identification and characterization of both fungi. Out of the 514 autopsied cases P. jirovecii and microsporidia species were identified in 53 (10.3%) and 62 (12.1%) cases respectively. A total of five cases (0.97%) coinfected with Pneumocystis and microsporidia were recovered from all analyzed autopsies. Coinfection of Pneumocystis and microsporidia is very challenging and raises interesting issues about host-parasite relationship. The early diagnosis of both pathogens must be crucial to establish correct and early treatments, improve the patient's evolution, reducing the risk of death.

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Excreted/secreted products of developing Taenia saginata metacestodes

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182000058881 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 97 (3) ◽

pp. 477-487 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

G. W. P. Joshua ◽

L. J. S. Harrison ◽

M. M. H. Sewell

Keyword(s):

Taenia Saginata ◽

Cellular Infiltrate ◽

Diagnostic Assays ◽

Antigenic Characterization ◽

Sds Page ◽

Host Parasite Relationship ◽

Parasite Relationship ◽

Host Parasite

SummaryExcretions and secretions (ES) and somatic components of 4, 8, 12 and 16-week-old Taenia saginata metacestodes were biosynthetically radio-isotope labelled by incubating the larvae in the presence of [35S]methionine. Despite their small size, 4-week-old metacestodes produced as much isotope-labelled ES/parasite as older metacestodes, indicating a proportionately greater metabolic activity of the parasite at this age. In situ the 4-week-old metacestodes were surrounded by a marked granulomatous cellular infiltrate which had largely resolved around 8-week-old metacestodes. Examination of the isotope-labelled ES by SDS-PAGE revealed distinct age-specific components from 4- and 12-week-old metacestodes and other ES components which were produced by all the ages of metacestodes examined. In comparison the labelled somatic components were conserved. Antigenic characterization of the ES by immunoprecipitation against a panel of clinically defined bovine sera combined with SDS-PAGE analysis, identified some highly immunogenic parasite products and others which did not elicit an antibody response demonstrable by immunoprecipitation. These components are of interest in relation to the host/parasite relationship, to the construction of diagnostic assays for the detection of T. saginata cysticercosis, and to the immunity that cattle develop against this parasite.

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Model selection criteria for overdispersed data and their application to the characterization of a host-parasite relationship

Environmental and Ecological Statistics ◽

10.1007/s10651-013-0257-0 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 329-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hyun-Joo Kim ◽

Joseph E. Cavanaugh ◽

Tad A. Dallas ◽

Stephanie A. Foré

Keyword(s):

Model Selection ◽

Selection Criteria ◽

Model Selection Criteria ◽

Host Parasite Relationship ◽

Parasite Relationship ◽

Host Parasite

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Host-parasite relation between the shore crab Carcinus maenas and Sacculina carcini (Rhizocephala): Identification and characterization of a specific fraction correlated with parasitism

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology ◽

10.1016/0022-2011(82)90159-8 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 60-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C. Herberts

Keyword(s):

Carcinus Maenas ◽

Shore Crab ◽

Sacculina Carcini ◽

Specific Fraction ◽

Host Parasite ◽

Identification And Characterization

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Identification and characterization of excreted–secreted products and surface coat antigens of animal and plant-parasitic nematodes

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182098003941 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 118 (4) ◽

pp. 397-405 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

M. E. LOPEZ DE MENDOZA ◽

R. H. C. CURTIS ◽

S. GOWEN

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Trichinella Spiralis ◽

Parasitic Nematodes ◽

Surface Coat ◽

Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽

Carbohydrate Epitopes ◽

Host Parasite ◽

Identification And Characterization ◽

Plant Parasitic

Nematode surface coat (SC) proteins and excreted–secreted products (E–S) are likely to play important roles in the host–parasite interaction and considerable similarities can be found in SC proteins and E–S products from certain plant and animal parasitic nematodes. Monoclonal antibodies raised to E–S products of plant-parasitic nematodes were shown to cross-react with E–S products and the surface coats of the animal parasites Trichinella spiralis and Haemonchus contortus. Most of the antibodies recognized carbohydrate epitopes but the activity of 2 MAbs (IACR–CCNj.2a.15 and IACR-Misec.8D.3) which recognized proteic epitopes in these nematodes were further characterized. Antibody 2a.15 recognized the SC and oral exudate of Meloidogyne incognita, T. spiralis and H. contortus. This antigen was also immunolocalized in the lining of the oesophagus and gut and in the exudate present during ecdysis of H. contortus L3. Antibody 8D.3 reacted with the SC of these nematodes on cryosections but on live nematodes the immunofluorescence was very patchy and was shed from the nematode SC.

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