Central and Eastern Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 224-235
Author(s):  
Maciej Karpiński ◽  
Bistra Andreeva ◽  
Eva Liina Asu ◽  
Anna Daugavet ◽  
Štefan Beňuš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Prosodic Features ◽  
Word Stress ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Pitch Patterns ◽  
Pitch Accents

The languages of Central and Eastern Europe addressed in this chapter form a typologically divergent collection that includes Slavic (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Czech, Macedonian, Polish, Russian, pluricentric Bosnian-Croatian-Montenegrin-Serbian, Slovak, Slovenian, Ukrainian), Baltic (Latvian, Lithuanian), Finno-Ugric (Hungarian, Finnish, Estonian), and Romance (Romanian). Their prosodic features and structures have been explored to various depths, from different theoretical perspectives, sometimes on the basis of relatively sparse material. Still, enough is known to see that their typological divergence as well as other factors contribute to vivid differences in their prosodic systems. While belonging to intonational languages, they differ in pitch patterns and their usage, duration, and rhythm (some involve phonological duration), as well as prominence mechanisms, accentuation, and word stress (fixed or mobile). Several languages in the area have what is referred to by different traditions as pitch accents, tones or syllable accents, or intonations.

Local Governance in Central and Eastern Europe

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomila V. Lankina ◽  
Anneke Hudalla ◽  
Hellmut Wollmann
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Local Governance

Merger regulation in Central and Eastern Europe: Evidence from Hungary, Romania and Slovenia

2002 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kravtseniouk
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Merger Control ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Economic Competition ◽  
Close Link ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Domestic Markets ◽  
Study Methodology

This paper shows the principal features of merger control in selected transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), namely Hungary, Romania and Slovenia, by applying case study methodology. The presented findings are based on the analysis of Hungarian, Romanian and Slovenian competition law and merger rulings reached by the Competition Offices of these countries. A substantial part of the conclusions is drawn from a sample of 42 merger applications processed by the Office of Economic Competition of Hungary between 1994 and 2000. The results of empirical analysis demonstrate the considerable flexibility of merger control in the studied countries, its orientation towards the future of domestic markets and a close link with industrial policy. The paper also highlights the areas of interdependence of competition policy and transition and argues that merger control in the studied CEE countries may be regarded as currently adequate to the requirements imposed by transition.

Environmental Action Programme for Central and Eastern Europe

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ackermann ◽  
Gordon Hughes ◽  
Clyde Hertzman ◽  
Laszlo Somlyody ◽  
Kristalina Georgieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Environmental Action ◽  
Action Programme
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