Improvements in Cognitive Function and Quantitative Sleep EEG in OSA after Six Months of CPAP Treatment

SLEEP ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela L D’Rozario ◽  
Camilla M Hoyos ◽  
Keith K H Wong ◽  
Gunnar Unger ◽  
Jong Won Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Power Spectral Analysis ◽  
Sleep Eeg ◽  
Cpap Treatment ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Slow Sleep ◽  
Brain Electrophysiology

Abstract Study Objectives Untreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cognitive deficits and altered brain electrophysiology. We evaluated the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on quantitative sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) measures and cognitive function. Methods We studied 162 OSA patients (age 50±13, AHI 35.0±26.8) before and after 6 months of CPAP. Cognitive tests assessed working memory, sustained attention, visuospatial scanning and executive function. All participants underwent overnight polysomnography at baseline and after CPAP. Power spectral analysis was performed on EEG data (C3-M2) in a sub-set of 90 participants. Relative delta EEG power and sigma power in NREM and EEG slowing in REM were calculated. Spindle densities (events p/min) in N2 were also derived using automated spindle event detection. All outcomes were analysed as change from baseline. Results Cognitive function across all cognitive domains improved after six months of CPAP. In our sub-set, increased relative delta power (p<0.0001) and reduced sigma power (p=0.001) during NREM were observed after the 6-month treatment period. Overall, fast and slow sleep spindle densities during N2 were increased after treatment. Conclusions Cognitive performance was improved and sleep EEG features were enhanced when assessing the effects of CPAP. These findings suggest the reversibility of cognitive deficits and altered brain electrophysiology observed in untreated OSA following six months of treatment.

Analysis of Electroencephalography Signals on the Contents of Cognitive Function Game: Attention and Memory

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1452-1458
Author(s):  
Sung-Wook Shin ◽  
Jung-Hyun Park ◽  
Woo-Jin Lee ◽  
Sung-Ho Kang ◽  
Hyunggun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Signal Analysis ◽  
Power Spectral Analysis ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Functional Training ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cognitive Activities ◽  
Paired T Test

In the current study, contents of cognitive function game were developed, and variations in Electroencephalography signals were measured and compared before performing the game tasks and during performing the game. The study sought to assess how much the game contents activated brain to see if they were suitable for cognitive functional training. For Electroencephalography signal analysis, power spectral analysis was implemented to classify signals according to frequency. To test signal variation according to the degree of brain activation before and after performing the game, variation comparison and paired t-test were conducted. Results showed that there was reduction in α wave signaling which implied that the subjects concentrate on the content, and increase in β wave signifying that they were engaged in cognitive activities such as remembering and assessing. Consequentially, the produced contents in this study are expected to be useful for cognitive functional training.

436 Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment (e.g., CPAP) Differential Effects on Cognitive Performance

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A172-A173
Author(s):  
Ei Hlaing ◽  
Stephanie Clancy Dollinger ◽  
Terry Brown
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Cpap Treatment ◽  
Integrative Research ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Introduction The efficacy of CPAP treatment for cognitive improvement among patients with OSA is inconsistent. Naegele et al. (1995) found that short term memory impairment persisted even after 4 to 6 months of CPAP; O’Donoghue et al. (2012) have reported they did not find improvement in vigilance or memory; Felver-Grant (2007) found that working memory improved but not other cognitive tests. Kanbay et al. (2015) found patients improved on the MMSE scores after 3 months of CPAP treatment. Kim et al. (2018) claimed just 3 weeks of CPAP treatment improved attention, sleep quality, and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). CPAP therapy has little effect on the improvement of cognitive deficits associated with OSA if the patients did not complain of daytime sleepiness (Zhou et al,, 2016). Methods Both untreated OSA patients (N=19) and ApneaLinkTM- screened controls (N=16) were administered a battery of cognitive tests before the patients started using CPAP and these two conditions were tested again after 3 months of CPAP treatment. A Fisher’s Exact Chi-Square test was used to determine if there was an association between conditions (OSA patients vs. Controls) and level of performance on cognitive tests (low vs. high scores) at the baseline and after 3 months of treatment. Results Depression scores, subjective sleep quality scores (global PSQI), EDS scores (Epworth Sleepiness Scale), and mood disturbance (Profile of Mood States) decreased after 3 months of CPAP treatment just for patients. Controls (individuals without moderate or severe OSA) performed better at the second time on phonemic fluency, immediate recall memory test, and 30 minute delayed memory recall test. Conclusion The fact that patients did not do better at time 2 on any of the cognitive tests may indicate a long term effect of hypoxia on the brain. The cognitive deficits may not reverse within the first 3 months of CPAP although self-reported depressive symptoms and perception of sleep quality and positive mood have improved when patients reported they are compliant with the treatment. Support (if any) A grant from the Center for Integrative Research on Cognitive Neural Science, Southern Illinois University Carbondale was received.

Assessment of Autonomic Response before and after Total Spinal Anesthesia in Rats: Power Spectral Analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Gyu Sam Hwang ◽  
In Young Huh ◽  
Su Jin Kang ◽  
Mi Ok Youn ◽  
Won Jung Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Power Spectral Analysis ◽  
Autonomic Response ◽  
Total Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Before And After

An fMRI study of cerebrovascular reactivity and perfusion in obstructive sleep apnea patients before and after CPAP treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 892-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Prilipko ◽  
Nelly Huynh ◽  
Moriah E. Thomason ◽  
Clete A. Kushida ◽  
Christian Guilleminault
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reactivity ◽  
Cpap Treatment ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Before And After

Variability of R-R, P wave-to-R wave, and R wave-to-T wave intervals

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (6) ◽  
pp. H2857-H2860 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Forester ◽  
H. Bo ◽  
J. W. Sleigh ◽  
J. D. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Power Spectral Analysis ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
P Wave ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Vagal Modulation ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vagal Influence

We analyzed the effect of changing posture from supine to standing on the variability of R-R, P-R, and R-T intervals in 10 healthy volunteers using power spectral analysis. An electrocardiogram and respiratory trace were recorded before and after posture change. Variability in the P-R and R-T intervals was much less than in the R-R interval and demonstrated a lower low-frequency (LF)-to-high-frequency (HF) ratio. Changing from a supine to a standing position showed no change in indexes of vagal influence on the P-R and R-T variability, in contrast to the well-documented decrease in the indexes of vagal influence on the R-R variability (HF power decreased from 2.33 to 0.41 ms2, P = 0.003; amplitude of the respiration-to-heart rate impulse response decreased from 31.6 to 14.4 ms ⋅ ml−1 ⋅ s−1, P = 0.03; and LF/HF increased from 1.96 to 5.22, P = 0.005). We concluded from this study that the effects of standing were an observed reduction in vagal influence on the heart rate variability of the R-R interval and maintenance of lung volume-related vagal modulation of the P-R and R-T intervals.

Longitudinal Sleep EEG Power Spectral Analysis Studies in Adolescents with Minor Head Injury

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 549-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C. PARSONS ◽  
L.J. CROSBY ◽  
M. PERLIS ◽  
T. BRITT ◽  
P. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Power Spectral Analysis ◽  
Sleep Eeg ◽  
Minor Head Injury ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Eeg Power

scholarly journals Do Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Patients Underestimate Their Daytime Symptoms before Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment?

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Leclerc ◽  
Yves Lacasse ◽  
Diane Page ◽  
Frédéric Sériès
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Cpap Treatment ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pretreatment Score

BACKGROUND: Daytime somnolence is an important feature of the obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) hypopnea syndrome and is usually subjectively assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).OBJECTIVE: To compare the scores of the ESS and different domains of the Quebec Sleep Questionnaire (QSQ) assessed before and after the first months of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment, as well as retrospectively without treatment.METHODS: The ESS score and domain scores of the QSQ were obtained before and after a three-month period of CPAP treatment using a retrospective assessment of the pretreatment scores in 76 untreated OSA patients.RESULTS: Fifty-two patients completed the study. The ESS and QSQ scores significantly improved following CPAP therapy. Retrospective evaluation of the ESS score was significantly worse than pre- and post-treatment values (mean [± SD] pretreatment score 11.0±4.8; retrospective pretreatment score 13.5±5.1). Such differences were not observed in any domain of the QSQ, including the domain assessing hypersomnolence.CONCLUSION: OSA patients underestimated their sleepiness according to the most widely used instrument to assess hypersomnolence. This finding may not be observed with other methods used to assess OSA-related symptoms such as quality of life questionnaires.

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