Continuous infusion of dipyrone in bitches in the intraoperative period: cardiorespiratory effects

Dipyrone is an effective analgesic for managing moderate or severe postoperative pain and can be used alone for mild pain or in combination with other analgesics for any type of pain. This study aimed to examine the administration of dipyrone by continuous infusion (CI) as an adjuvant analgesic in the intraoperative period for bitches undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy (OH) and its effect on these patients’ cardiorespiratory parameters. Twenty bitches underwent an elective OH procedure. The pre-anesthetic agent was a combination of acepromazine and morphine. Propofol was used to induce anesthesia, and isoflurane was used for maintenance. Subsequently, the animals were randomly allocated into two groups: the dipyrone group (DG) received a bolus dose of dipyrone (25 mg kg-1) by CI at a rate of 10 mg kg-1 h, and the control group (CG) received a bolus dose and a CI of 0.9% NaCl solution, both groups at a rate of 5 mL kg-1 h. The parametric variables were analyzed by ANOVA, followed by Tukey's test (p<0.05). The paired t-test (p<0.05) was used for comparison between the groups. Statistical differences were observed for heart rate, systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure, respiratory rate, and blood glucose between the periods in both groups. There were differences only in the basal values of MAP between the groups; however, most values remained within the physiological range for the species. Using the drug as an adjuvant to anesthesia did not alter cardiorespiratory parameters, and it can be used as an adjuvant in analgesia during the intraoperative period of OH.

Efficacy of long-term orthokeratology treatment in children with anisometropic myopia

AIM: To explore the efficacy of the orthokeratology lens for anisometropic myopia progression. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed. Cycloplegic refraction and axial length (AL) were collected from 50 children (10.52±1.72y) who visited Peking University Third Hospital from July 2015 to August 2020. These children's one eyes (Group A) received monocular orthokeratology lenses at first, after different durations (12.20±6.94mo), their contralateral eyes (Group B) developed myopia and receive orthokeratology as well. The data in 1-year of binocular period were recorded. AL growth rate (difference of follow-up and baseline per month) were compared between two groups by paired t test. Interocular differences of AL were compared by Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: During monocular period, the AL growth rate of the Group A (0.008±0.022 mm/mo) was significantly slower than that of the Group B (0.038±0.018 mm/mo; P&#x003C;0.0001). However, during binocular period, the AL growth rate of the Group A (0.026±0.014 mm/mo) was significantly faster than that of the Group B (0.016±0.015 mm/mo; P&#x003C;0.0001). The AL difference between both eyes was 0.6 (0.46) mm, then significantly decreased to 0.22 (0.39) mm when started binocular treatment (P&#x003C;0.0001). However, it was significantly increased to 0.30 (0.32) mm after a year (P&#x003C;0.0001), but still significantly lower than baseline (P&#x003C;0.0001). CONCLUSION: The orthokeratology lens is efficient for control the AL elongation of monocular myopia eyes and reduce anisometropia. For the condition that the contralateral eyes develop myopia and receive orthokeratology lens later, there is no efficiency observed on control interocular difference of AL during binocular treatment.

Side-by-side comparison of parent vs. technician-collected respiratory swabs in low-income, multilingual, urban communities in the United States

Background Home-based swabbing has not been widely used. The objective of this analysis was to compare respiratory swabs collected by mothers of 7–12-year-olds living in low-income, multilingual communities in the United States with technician collected swabs. Methods Retrospective data analysis of respiratory samples collected at home by mothers compared to technicians. Anterior nasal and throat specimens collected using flocked swabs were combined in dry tubes. Test was done using TaqMan array cards for viral and bacterial pathogens. Cycle threshold (Ct) values of ribonuclease P (RNP) gene were used to assess specimen quality. Ct < 40 was interpreted as a positive result. Concordance of pathogen yield from mother versus technician collected swabs were analyzed using Cohen’s Kappa coefficients. Correlation analysis, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test for paired samples were used for RNP Ct values. Results We enrolled 36 households in Cincinnati (African American) and 44 (predominately Chinese or Latino) in Boston. In Cincinnati, eight of 32 (25%) mothers did not finish high school, and 11 (34%) had finished high school only. In Boston, 13 of 44 (30%) mothers had less than a high school diploma, 23 (52%) had finished high school only. Mother versus technician paired swabs (n = 62) had similar pathogen yield (paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test p-values = 0.62 and 0.63, respectively; 95% confidence interval of the difference between the two measurements = − 0.45–0.75). Median Ct value for RNP was 22.6 (interquartile range, IQR = 2.04) for mother-collected and 22.4 (IQR = 2.39) for technician-collected swabs (p = 0.62). Agreement on pathogen yield between samples collected by mothers vs. technicians was higher for viruses than for bacterial pathogens, with high concordance for rhinovirus/enterovirus, human metapneumovirus, and adenovirus (Cohen’s kappa coefficients ≥80%, p < 0.0001). For bacterial pathogens, concordance was lower to moderate, except for Chlamydia pneumoniae, for which kappa coefficient indicated perfect agreement. Conclusion Mothers with a range of education levels from low-income communities were able to swab their children equally well as technicians. Home-swabbing using dry tubes, and less invasive collection procedures, could enhance respiratory disease surveillance.

JALAN KAKI DAPAT MENURUNKAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA LANSIA

Hipertensi merupakan faktor penyebab utama kematian akibat stroke dan jantung coroner. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tekanan darah adalah aktivitas fisik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aktivitas fisik jalan kaki terhadap tekanan darah pada lansia hipertensi di Desa Sindangkasih Kecamatan Sindangkasih Kabupaten Ciamis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen pre-test post-test control group design. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik purposive sampling lansia hipertensi derajat 1 dan diperoleh 30 responden yang terbagi menjadi 2 kelompok. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tensimeter. Analisis data menggunakan paired t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya penurunan rata-rata tekanan darah sistolik pada responden kelompok intervensi sebesar 15 mmHg, sedangkan untuk penurunan rata-rata tekanan darah diastolic sebesar 13 mmHg. Pada kelompok kontrol terjadi penurunan rata-rata tekanan darah sistolik sebesar 4,3 mmHg dan penurunan rata-rata tekanan darah diastolik sebesar 4 mmHg. Hasil analisa data menggunakan uji Independen Sample T-test didapatkan nilai signifikan p-value kelompok intervensi = 0,000 dengan ? = 0,05 .Karena p-value < 0,05 maka ada pengaruh aktivitas fisik jalan kaki terhadap tekanan darah pada lansia hipertensi di Desa Sindangkasih Kecamatan Sindangkasih Kabupaten Ciamis Tahun 2021. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adanya pengaruh aktivitas jalan kaki selama 30 menit terhadap tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik pada lansia hipertensi.

PENGARUH TERAPI HUMOR DENGAN VIDEO KOMEDI TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI PRIMER

Terapi humor merupakan tindakan untuk menstimulasi seseorang untuk tertawa, tindakan ini mampu merangsang pelepasan opiat endogenous atau yang sering disebut dengan endorfin. Manfaat endorfin yaitu membuat relaksasi yang berdampak pada pelebaran pembuluh darah sehingga menurunkan tekanan darah, dengan kondisi relaks juga akan membuat denyut jantung menjadi normal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengetahui pengaruh terapi humor dengan video komedi terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi primer di Panti Tresna Werdha Natar Lampung Selatan. Desain penelitian ini adalah jenis quasy experiment semu dengan rancangan pretest–posttest design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien yang menderita hipertensi primer di panti tresna werdha. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 86 orang Teknik sampel consecutive sampling. Analisis data yang peneliti gunakan adalah uji Paired T Test. Berdasarkan analisis data diketahui nilai p-value 0,000 atau p-value < 0,05, yang artinya ada pengaruh terapi humor terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi primer di Wilayah Kerja Panti Tresna Werdha Natar Lampung. Hasil penelitian diharapkan agar pihak Puskesmas dapat bekerjasama dengan instansi lain untuk menjalankan program penurunan angka kejadian hipertensi memberikan sosialisasi, terapi humor secara rutin serta pencatatan tekanan darah kepada para lansia.

The Effect of Coatings on Cutting Force in Turning of C45 Steel

This article focuses on the development of a mathematical model of a cutting force that is applicable for coated and uncoated cutting tool inserts and aims to enable more accurate calculation of the cutting force. Two common PVD coatings, AlTiN and TiAlCrN, were used. Firstly, a mathematical model of the cutting force based on the specific cutting force and cutting area is proposed. This mathematical model considers the cutting speed and coating correction factor as well as the real cutting edge geometry, i.e., it includes both the straight and rounded parts of the cutting edge. For this proposed model, material constants for C45 steel, which was machined with uncoated inserts, were obtained. Before determining an equation for a coating correction factor and implementing it into the model, experimental cutting force data for coated and uncoated inserts were compared using a paired t-test. The result was that the difference between them was statistically significant. Their percentage difference was found to be up to 4%. The correction factor equation that was obtained and implemented into the mathematical model was applied to compare the calculated and experimental data of the coated inserts, also using a paired t-test. The result was that the difference between them was insignificant. Moreover, their percentage difference was found to be up to 0.6%.

PENGGUNAAN METODE DISKUSI DARING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA

During this pandemic, distance learning is required using virtual applications. This results in reduced communication between students, the loss of closeness between students and teachers, so that the material is not conveyed evenly. One of the impacts is also the decrease in students' understanding of the Indonesian language material, even though Indonesian is a bridge for other subjects, in social life, and even communicating with oneself. For this reason, the authors conducted research related to discussion methods to improve students' Indonesian language skills. The discussion method has several advantages and benefits such as strengthening student-teacher relationships but can be at risk of fights and relationship gaps between students outside of class hours, then makes students able to think critically about an information obtained but can risk making only a few students dominate the discussion, in addition to it can also make class time less boring but there is a possibility that it takes up a lot of class hours or even discussions are not finished, etc. After conducting the analysis, it is known that the variables are normally distributed so that the comparison test method that can be used is to use the paired t test, the result of this test is to get a p-value to reject the null hypothesis of 5.135x10-7 which means that there are differences in student scores before and after after the discussion method was carried out, where the value of learning with the discussion method was better due to a higher average of 77.25. ABSTRAKDalam masa pandemi ini mengharuskan dilaksanakannya pembelajaran jarak jauh menggunakan aplikasi virtual. Hal ini menyebabkan berkurangnya komunikasi antar siswa, hilngnya kedekatan siswa dan guru, hingga tidak tersampaikannya materi secara merata. Salah satu imbasnya juga berkurangnya pemahaman siswa terhadap materi Bahasa Indonesia, padahal Bahasa Indonesia merupakan jembatan untuk mata pelajaran lain, dalam kehidupan sosial, bahkan berkomunikasi dengan diri sendiri. Untuk itu penulis melakukan penelitian terkait metode diskusi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan Bahasa Indonesia siswa. Metode diskusi memiliki beberapa keunggulan dan manfaat seperti mempererat hubungan murid dan guru tetapi dapat beresiko perkelahian dan kesenjangan hubungan antar siswa di luar jam pelajaran, kemudian membuat siswa mampu berpikir kritis terhadap suatu informasi yang didapatkan tetapi dapat beresiko membuat beberapa siswa saja yang mendominasi diskusi, selain itu juga dapat membuat waktu pelajaran tidak membosankan tetapi adanya kemungkinan bahwa menyita banyak jam pelajaran atau bahkan tidak terselesaikannya diskusi, dll. Setelah melakukan analisis diketahui bahwa variabel berdistribusi normal sehingga metode uji perbandingan yang dapat digunakan adalah menggunakan uji paired t test, hasil dari uji ini adalah dapatkan nilai p-value untuk menolak hipotesis null sebesar 5.135x10-7 yang mengartikan bahwa adanya perbedaan nilai siswa sebelum dan setelah dilakukannya metode diskusi, di mana nilai pembelajaran dengan metode diskusi lebih baik dikarenakan rata-rata yang lebih tinggi yaitu sebesar 77.25.

CLINICAL EFFICACY OF DASHMOOL KWATH NASYA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MANYASTAMBHA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CERVICAL SPONDYLITIS

Background: Nasya is an essential therapeutic procedure as many of the courses of Ayurvedic treatment. It comes under the Panchashodhana karmas. It is necessary in all Urdhwa jathru vikaras. Nasya is effective for inducing immediate results and serves as a permanent cure. Cervical spondylotic change is frequently found in many asymptomatic adults, with 25 the age of 40, 50% of adults over the age of 40 and 85% of adults over the age of 60 showing evidence of disc degeneration. Cervical spondylosis can be compared with Manyastambha based on signs & symptoms. Nasya is the simple techniques and ingredients are readily available & economical. Also, these are indicated in the management of Manyastambha and have no proven adverse effects. This study was intended to assess the efficacy of the Dashmool Kwath Nasya in the management of this disease. Method: Randomly, 30 patients of Manyastambha were selected and paired “t” test was used. Result: Statistically significant improvement was found in this study on post-follow-up. Conclusion: Dashmool Kwath Nasya is having a prolonged action as it is having highly significant results post follow up of treatment as compared to after treatment.

Monitoring of Eccentric Hamstring Strength and Eccentric Derived Strength Ratios in Judokas from a Single Weight Category

Background: This study was designed to perform isokinetic knee testing of male judokas competing in the under 73 kg category. The main aims were: to establish the concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) strength profile of hamstrings (H) and CON profile of quadriceps (Q) muscles; to evaluate the differences in CON and ECC peak torques (PT) with various strength ratios and their bilateral asymmetries; the calculation of the dynamic control ratio (DCR) and H ECC to CON ratio (HEC); Methods: 12 judokas competing on a national and international levels with a mean age of 19 ± 4 years, a weight of 75 ± 2 kg and with a height of 176 ± 5 cm were tested. All the subjects were right-hand dominant. Isokinetic testing was performed on iMOMENT, SMM isokinetic machine (SMM, Maribor, Slovenia). The paired t-test was used to determine the difference between paired variables. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05; Results: Statistical differences between left (L) and right (R) Q PT (L 266; R 241 Nm), H ECC PT (L 145; R 169 Nm), HQR (L 0.54; R 0.63), DCR (L 0.55; R 0.70), HEC (L 1.02; R 1.14) and PTQ/BW (L 3.57; R 3.23 Nm/kg) were shown. Bilateral strength asymmetries in CON contraction of 13.52% ± 10.04 % for Q, 10.86% ± 7.67 % for H and 22.04% ± 12.13% for H ECC contraction were shown. Conclusions: This study reports the isokinetic strength values of judokas in the under 73 kg category, emphasising eccentric hamstring strength and eccentric derived strength ratios DCR and HEC. It was shown that asymmetries are better detected using eccentric testing and that the dominant leg in judokas had stronger eccentric hamstring strength resulting in higher DCR and HEC.

Perspektif Lokalitas Bahan Pangan Alternatif bagi Masyarakat: Studi Eksperimental Pemberian Cucur Beras Merah terhadap Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan desain penelitian pre and post control desain. Pada penelitian ini akan melihat efektifitas pemberian kue cucur tepung beras merah dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah penderita Diabetes Melitus di wilayah kerja puskesmas Kulisusu kabupaten buton utara. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 113 pasien rawat jalan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kulisusu. Sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji statistik T Test, Hasil analisa menggunakan uji statistik Paired T Test diperoleh nilai t hitung 22,027 > t tabel 2,045 yang menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh pemberian kue cucur tepung beras merah terhadap kadar glukosa darah puasa penderita Diabetes Mellitus tipe 2 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kulisusu Kabupaten Buton Utara. Pemberian cucur beras merah ini mampu menekan laju kadar glukosa darah sebesar 42,4% pada kelompok perlakuan yang dilihat pada persen selisih rata-rata kadar glukosa darah puasa dan glukosa darah 2 jam PP, Terdapat pengaruh pemberian cucur beras merah terhadap kadar glukosa darah penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kulisusu Kabupaten Buton Utara ketika dilihat hasil analisis statistik nilai t hitung 22,027 > t tabel 2,045, yang mana produk tersebut mampu menekan laju kadar glukosa darah 2 jam PP sebesar 42,4% pada kelompok perlakuan. Produk cucur beras merah juga disukai oleh para panelis yang mana panelis tersebut merupakan penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kulisusu Kabupaten Buton Utara setelah dilihat dari beberapa aspek penilaian seperti warna, aroma, rasa dan tekstur.