integrative research
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2022 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
NC Stenseth ◽  
RA Ims ◽  
BE Sæther ◽  
L Cadahía ◽  
I Herfindal ◽  
...  

The sustainable use of natural resources is critical for addressing the global challenges of today. Strategies for sustainable harvesting need to consider not only harvested species, but also other non-harvested species interacting with them in the same ecosystem. In addition, environmental variation needs to be considered, with climate change currently being one of the main sources of this variation. Understanding the consequences of complex interactions between different drivers and processes affecting dynamics of species and ecosystems across spatial scales requires large-scale integrative research projects. The Norwegian research initiative “Sustainable management of renewable resources in a changing environment: an integrated approach across ecosystems” (SUSTAIN) was launched to fill knowledge gaps related to the sustainable management of populations and ecosystems experiencing climate change. SUSTAIN investigated terrestrial, marine and freshwater ecosystems in boreal and Arctic regions, using both theoretical developments and empirical analyses of long-term data. This Climate Research Special contains both synthesis articles and original research exemplifying some of the approaches used in SUSTAIN. In this introduction we highlight 4 key topics addressed by SUSTAIN: (i) population structure, (ii) interactions between species, (iii) spatial processes, and (iv) adaptive management. These topics are fundamental to the understanding of harvested species from an ecosystem perspective, and to ecosystem-based management approaches, which we are striving to work towards.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 199-216
Author(s):  
Stevri Penti Novri Indra Lumintang

This study is stimulated by the background of the gap regarding the understanding and application between the Indonesian ideology of Pancasila and theology (religion) among both Muslims and Christians. This research aimed to study the integration between Christian theology and the Indonesian ideology of Pancasila. This research was based upon the naturalistic paradigm with a qualitative approach and integrative research method to find a model for solving religious intolerance and violence, which is often manipulated by political interests. This integrative study, especially integral dialectical synthesis, is to find a holistic knowledge of the doctrine of the principle of One Lordship, just and civilized humanity according to Christian theology and ideology of Pancasila as a model of integration. The integrative study between theology and ideology confirms that each of the five principles of Pancasila is theological, and even a mandate that believers (the Christians community) must obey. The relationship between Christian theology and the ideology of Pancasila is an integrative relationship because God and humanity are also integrative. These findings suggest that all Christians live in love and respect to their fellow humans, both Christian and non-Christian. Loving God and others means loving the Indonesian people by participating in overcoming the nation's problems and building the Indonesian nation's welfare for the welfare of the nation is our (all Indonesian citizens) wellbeing.


Author(s):  
Umme Habiba Jasmine ◽  
Mzikazi Nduna

This study was a point of departure for future research on the need for a coherent understanding and knowledge of parenting in Bangladesh. This article presents the findings from an integrative research review on parenting in Bangladesh. A comprehensive search conducted in PubMed, Science Direct, and PsychINFO using the keywords “parenting”, “childcare”, “motherhood”, “fatherhood”, “mothering”, “fathering”, each paired with “Bangladesh” yielded 246 articles. Twenty papers published between 2006 and 2018 were selected for thematic analysis based on pre-set criteria. In most studies, the term mother was used interchangeably with parent, with mothers regarded as the primary caregiver. Parenting in the Bangladeshi context was found to be conceptualized primarily in terms of attitudes, disciplinary practices, feeding, parent–child interaction, and psychosocial stimulation. Parenting components aimed at moral development and attachment building in children were underrepresented. The data revealed largely inconsistent and uncoordinated discussions of parental practices, demonstrating the lack of a holistic approach in the literature in Bangladesh. Research on parenting in Bangladesh favors gendered assumptions of females as the primary caregiver. Based on their findings, the authors recommend qualitative studies to better reflect and conceptualize the concept of parenting in Bangladesh.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 453-453
Author(s):  
Dana Bradley ◽  
Gretchen Tucker ◽  
Laura Allen

Abstract The United States and Japan are experiencing an exponential growth in the number of persons age 65 and older. To address certain aging-related issues, assistive technological advancements are being developed. These technologies need to be reliable, safe, secure, and culturally accepted by older adults. In addition, technology must be developed within the unique cultural contexts of each country. One approach currently being used is an interdisciplinary team approach comprised of researchers representing gerontology, information systems, robotics, health sciences, sociology, and computer sciences between two universities in the United States and two Japanese universities. This collaborative project between institutions and countries highlights the need to understand the cultures and traditions of each of these countries. To further develop culturally competent technology, an integrative research plan is being utilized, which incorporates the use of community engagement to examine the influence of the cultural context among older adults.


Author(s):  
Jisen Zhao ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Wang Yan ◽  
Shujie Cheng

IntroductionOne of the simplest nanostructures that is widely used in industry today is metallic nanoparticles. Metallic ‎nanoparticles can bind non-destructively to single-stranded DNA, which are important in medical diagnostics. ‎Cancer nanotechnology developed a new area of integrative research in biology, chemistry, engineering, and ‎medicine, and is concerned with major advances in cancer diagnosis, prevention and treatment ‎Material and methods‎ In the recent study, the structural and morphological characterization of bio‐synthesized FeNPs@Calendula ‎arvensis was performed by FT-IR and UV-vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) that SEM ‎images have exhibited an equal and uniform spherical morphology in size of 30.13 nm. ‎ResultsIn the antioxidant test, the IC50 of FeNPs@Calendula arvensis and BHT against DPPH free radicals were 117 ‎and 88 µg/mL, respectively. In the anticancer test, the treated cells with FeNPs@Calendula arvensis were ‎assessed by MTT assay for 48h about the anti-human cholangiocarcinoma and ‎ cytotoxicity properties on normal ‎‎(HUVEC) and cholangiocarcinoma ‎ carcinoma cell lines i.e., HCM-CSHL-0174-C22, CCLP-1, and QBC939. ‎The IC50 of FeNPs@Calendula arvensis were 196, 237, and 278 µg/mL against HCM-CSHL-0174-C22, ‎CCLP-1, and QBC939‎ cell lines, respectively. The viability of cholangiocarcinoma cell line reduced dose-‎dependently in the presence of FeNPs@Calendula arvensis.‎ConclusionsIt appears that the anti-human cholangiocarcinoma effect of FeNPs@Calendula arvensis is due to their ‎antioxidant effects.‎


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry-Anne Muscat ◽  
Glenn Hartelius ◽  
Courtenay Richards Crouch ◽  
Kevin W. Morin

Research over the last two decades has established ketamine as a safe, effective, fast-acting, and sustained antidepressant that significantly reduces adverse symptoms associated with depression, even in patients who are treatment resistant. Much of this research has evolved within the framework of several independent branches of scientific inquiry: in addition to the study of ketamine is a non-selective NMDAR antagonist with rapid antidepressant effects, it has also been found effective as a psychoplastogen that stimulates synaptogenesis and increases neuroplasticity, as a powerful anti-inflammatory that may improve inflammation-related depressive symptoms, as a substance that induces beneficial high entropy brain states, and as a subjectively impactful psychedelic agent. Each branch of inquiry has generated independent evidence of ketamine's efficacy but has advanced without substantive coordination or communication with other lines of inquiry. Integrative research that considers these branches of research together may lead toward a better understanding of ketamine's effects and improved treatment protocols and clinical outcomes. Such an overview can inform more comprehensive patient care through: (a) informed patient psychoeducation that encompasses all of ketamine's mechanisms of action; (b) calibration of optimal dosage to ensure induction and maintenance of high entropy brain states during each ketamine session utilizing EEG measurement; (c) Improved management of emergence side effects through proper care for set and setting; (d) inclusion of pre-selected appropriate music to enhance the emotional experience; (e) increased monitoring of ketamine effects on cortical activity, inter-hemispheric imbalance, and inflammation-related levels of cytokines to further improvements in ketamine protocols; and (f) appropriate timing of any adjunctive psychotherapy sessions to coincide with peak neurogenesis at 24–48 h post ketamine treatment.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelinde R. E. Vandenbroucke ◽  
Eveline A. Crone ◽  
Jan B. F. van Erp ◽  
Berna Güroğlu ◽  
Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol ◽  
...  

Integrating fundamental science in society, with the goal to translate research findings to daily practice, comes with certain challenges. Successfully integrating research projects into society requires (1) good collaboration between scientists and societal stakeholders, (2) collaboration partners with common expectations and goals, and (3) investment in clear communication. Here we describe an integrative research project conducted by a large Dutch consortium that consisted of neuroscientists, psychologists, sociologists, ethicists, teachers, health care professionals and policy makers, focusing on applying cognitive developmental neuroscience for the benefit of youth in education and social safety. We argue that to effectively integrate cognitive developmental neuroscience in society, (1) it is necessary to invest in a well-functioning, diverse and multidisciplinary team involving societal stakeholders and youth themselves from the start of the project. This aids to build a so-called productive interactive network that increases the chances to realize societal impact in the long-term. Additionally, we propose that to integrate knowledge, (2) a different than standard research approach should be taken. When focusing on integration, the ultimate goal of research is not solely to understand the world better, but also to intervene with real-life situations, such as education or (forensic) youth care. To accomplish this goal, we propose an approach in which integration is not only started after the research has been conducted, but taken into account throughout the entire project. This approach helps to create common expectations and goals between different stakeholders. Finally, we argue that (3) dedicating sufficient resources to effective communication, both within the consortium and between scientists and society, greatly benefits the integration of cognitive developmental neuroscience in society.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asef Darvishi ◽  
Maryam Yousefi ◽  
Naghmeh Mobarghaee Dinan ◽  
Per Angelstam

Abstract Context Evidence-based knowledge is crucial for place-based knowledge production and learning towards sustainable landscapes through stewardship and integrated spatial planning. Objectives We focus on the landscape service concept as a tool, and three fundamental challenges for its use: (1) how to monitor benefits provided by different landscapes; (2) to demonstrate trade-offs and synergies among benefits in a landscape; and (3) to discuss how to incorporate results from analyses into landscape stewardship and planning. Methods As a case study we chose the Iranian Qazvin province with diverse natural and anthropogenic landscapes, and top-down societal steering. Five landscape services (water yield, water regulation, pollination, actual net primary production (NPPact) and social-cultural connectivity) were assessed and compared. Results All landscape services were significantly correlated. Major trade-offs and synergies among services were between NPPact and water yield and regulation. Trade-off and synergy clusters showed that landscape functions depend on both natural and anthropogenic landscape patterns and processes. Conclusions Providing transparent data about trade-offs and synergies among landscape services can facilitate learning about which services are important among landscapes. For each of six settings we suggest action plans. We discuss the role of Iranian landscape stewardship and planning, and integrative research needs.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Gautam ◽  
Kiyofumi Hamashima ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Yingying Zeng ◽  
Bar Makovoz ◽  
...  

AbstractThe retina is a widely profiled tissue in multiple species by single-cell RNA sequencing studies. However, integrative research of the retina across species is lacking. Here, we construct the first single-cell atlas of the human and porcine ocular compartments and study inter-species differences in the retina. In addition to that, we identify putative adult stem cells present in the iris tissue. We also create a disease map of genes involved in eye disorders across compartments of the eye. Furthermore, we probe the regulons of different cell populations, which include transcription factors and receptor-ligand interactions and reveal unique directional signalling between ocular cell types. In addition, we study conservation of regulons across vertebrates and zebrafish to identify common core factors. Here, we show perturbation of KLF7 gene expression during retinal ganglion cells differentiation and conclude that it plays a significant role in the maturation of retinal ganglion cells.


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