Reflex Vasoconstrictor Responses to Cardiopulmonary Baroreceptor Unloading, Head-Up Tilt, and Cold Pressor Testing in Elderly Mild-to-Moderate Hypertensives

Serum dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) activity varies greatly between individuals but is usually relatively constant within individuals. DBH activity was determined in 20 normal subjects and 6 chronic alcoholics during alcohol ingestion and withdrawal, under controlled and standardized conditions. For all subjects mean random DBH was 423 ± 249 (mean ± SD) nmol phenylethanolamine/h per millilitre serum. Between-day serum DBH values vary more than within-day values (21.1% vs. 15.1%). Cold-pressor testing or sudden standing does not increase mean DBH; however, some individuals show a significant increase which cannot be elicited on repeat testing. Mean DBH activity did not vary significantly over 24 h. Clinically useful correlations between single random DBH and blood pressure or 24-h urine catechols should not be expected.

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Wavelet analysis of autonomic outflow of normal subjects on head-up tilt, cold pressor test, Valsalva manoeuvre and deep breathing

Experimental Physiology ◽

10.1113/expphysiol.2007.038026 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 92 (4) ◽

pp. 677-686 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

J. L. Ducla-Soares ◽

M. Santos-Bento ◽

S. Laranjo ◽

A. Andrade ◽

E. Ducla-Soares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wavelet Analysis ◽

Cold Pressor Test ◽

Cold Pressor ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Valsalva Manoeuvre ◽

Deep Breathing ◽

Pressor Test ◽

Head Up Tilt

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The effect of gender on sympathetic neural responses to cold pressor testing in hypertensive seniors

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1118.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Joseph Maxwell Hendrix ◽

Tiffany Bivens ◽

Stuart Best ◽

Yoshiyuki Okada ◽

Benjamin D. Levine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Pressor ◽

Neural Responses ◽

Cold Pressor Testing

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Gender affects calf venous compliance at rest and during baroreceptor unloading in humans

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00719.2003 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 286 (3) ◽

pp. H895-H901 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Kevin D. Monahan ◽

Chester A. Ray

Keyword(s):

Lower Body Negative Pressure ◽

Cuff Pressure ◽

Cold Pressor ◽

Orthostatic Tolerance ◽

Sympathetic Outflow ◽

Lower Body ◽

Venous Compliance ◽

Supine Posture ◽

Volume Relation ◽

Cold Pressor Testing

Leg venous compliance is a determinant of peripheral venous pooling during orthostatic stress such that high venous compliance could contribute to reduced orthostatic tolerance. We tested the hypotheses that 1) calf venous compliance is reduced during baroreceptor unloading, and 2) calf venous compliance is greater in women than men. Twelve men (27 ± 2 yr) and 12 women (25 ± 2 yr) were studied in the supine posture. Calf venous compliance was determined by inflating a thigh venous collecting cuff to 60 mmHg for 8 min and then decreasing cuff pressure at a rate of 1 mmHg/s to 0 mmHg. The slope of the pressure-compliance relation (compliance = β1 + 2·β2·cuff pressure), which is the first derivative of the quadratic pressure-volume relation [(Δlimb volume) = β0 + β1·(cuff pressure) + β2·(cuff pressure)2] during the reduction in collecting cuff pressure, was used to assess venous compliance at baseline and during one-legged lower body negative pressure (LBNP; —50 mmHg). At baseline, calf venous compliance was 48% lower ( P < 0.001) in women than men and decreased in men (Δ—25 ± 8%; P < 0.05) but not women (Δ1 ± 11%) during LBNP. Rhythmic ischemic handgrip (Δ6 ± 9%) and cold pressor testing (Δ—9 ± 7%) did not alter calf venous compliance in a subgroup of men ( n = 6). These data indicate gender-dependent effects on calf venous compliance under conditions associated with low sympathetic outflow (i.e., rest) and high sympathetic outflow (i.e., LBNP). However, they cannot explain gender-associated differences in orthostatic tolerance.

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