Nitric Oxide Metabolites, Platelet Activation, and Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury

Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) are a family of enzymes that are responsible for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) from the amino acid L-arginine in the body. Among the three key NOSs, the expression of inducible NOS (iNOS) can only be induced by inflammatory stimuli and contribute to the large amount of NO production. iNOS-derived NO plays an important role in various physiological and pathophysiological conditions, including the ischemic heart disease. Nowadays, the development of specific iNOS inhibitors and the availability of iNOS knockout mice have provided substantial evidence to support the role of iNOS/NO signaling in the myocardium. Nevertheless, the role of iNOS/NO signaling in the myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury is very complex and highly perplexing; both detrimental and beneficial effects of iNOS have been described. Thus, this review will aim at providing basic insights into the current progress of the role of iNOS in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. A better understanding of the dual role of iNOS in details may help facilitate the development of more effective therapies for the management of ischemic heart diseases.

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Roles of the nitric oxide signaling pathway in cardiac ischemic preconditioning against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury

Medical Science Monitor ◽

10.12659/msm.881385 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. RA44-RA52 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Punate Weerateerangkul ◽

Siriporn Chattipakorn ◽

Nipon Chattipakorn

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Myocardial Ischemia ◽

Reperfusion Injury ◽

Signaling Pathway ◽

Ischemic Preconditioning ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Nitric Oxide Signaling ◽

Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽

Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion

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Cardioprotective Effects of Combined Therapy with Hyperbaric Oxygen and Diltiazem Pretreatment on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1159/000445561 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 2015-2029 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Chunxia Chen ◽

Wan Chen ◽

Zhihuan Nong ◽

Yuan Ma ◽

Shaoling Qiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Myocardial Ischemia ◽

Combination Therapy ◽

Reperfusion Injury ◽

Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Oxygen Stress ◽

Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽

Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion

Background/Aims: In this study, we examined whether the combination of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and diltiazem therapy provided a cardioprotective effect on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) rat model. Methods: Sixty healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, IR, diltiazem (5 mg/kg), HBO (0.25 MPa, 60 min) and combination therapy (HBO plus diltiazem) groups. MIRI model was established by ligating the left anterior descending for 30 min, followed by 60 min of reperfusion. Results: The results show that HBO and diltiazem preconditioning significantly improves cardiac function and myocardial infarction area, increases nitric oxide, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and ATPase (Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase) activity and decreases levels of oxygen stress, myocardial enzymes and endothelin-1. Notably, HBO and diltiazem preconditioning significantly increased Bcl-2 protein expression and decreased Bax protein and caspase-3 mRNA expression. Conclusions: These data indicate that combination therapy protected against heart MIRI by reducing oxygen stress damage, correcting energy metabolism, improving endothelial function and inhibiting cell apoptosis.

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