Comment on the Results of the Long-Term Estimation of the Non-equilibrium Factor F = 0.75

2014 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-430
Author(s):  
J. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Factor ◽  
Non Equilibrium

scholarly journals Non-Equilibrium Liouville and Wigner Equations: Classical Statistical Mechanics and Chemical Reactions for Long Times

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon Álvarez-Estrada
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Polynomials ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Liapunov Function ◽  
Heat Bath ◽  
Wigner Functions ◽  
Statistical Systems ◽  
Non Equilibrium

We review and improve previous work on non-equilibrium classical and quantum statistical systems, subject to potentials, without ab initio dissipation. We treat classical closed three-dimensional many-particle interacting systems without any “heat bath” ( h b ), evolving through the Liouville equation for the non-equilibrium classical distribution W c , with initial states describing thermal equilibrium at large distances but non-equilibrium at finite distances. We use Boltzmann’s Gaussian classical equilibrium distribution W c , e q , as weight function to generate orthogonal polynomials ( H n ’s) in momenta. The moments of W c , implied by the H n ’s, fulfill a non-equilibrium hierarchy. Under long-term approximations, the lowest moment dominates the evolution towards thermal equilibrium. A non-increasing Liapunov function characterizes the long-term evolution towards equilibrium. Non-equilibrium chemical reactions involving two and three particles in a h b are studied classically and quantum-mechanically (by using Wigner functions W). Difficulties related to the non-positivity of W are bypassed. Equilibrium Wigner functions W e q generate orthogonal polynomials, which yield non-equilibrium moments of W and hierarchies. In regimes typical of chemical reactions (short thermal wavelength and long times), non-equilibrium hierarchies yield approximate Smoluchowski-like equations displaying dissipation and quantum effects. The study of three-particle chemical reactions is new.

Long-term Radon Levels and Equilibrium Factor in Some Spanish Workplaces Measured with a Passive Integrating Detector

1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Baixeras ◽  
K. Amgarou ◽  
Ll. Font ◽  
C. Domingo
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Factor

Long term measurements of radon equilibrium factor in Greek dwellings

2003 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Clouvas ◽  
S. Xanthos ◽  
M. Antonopoulos-Domis
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Factor

LONG TERM MEASUREMENTS OF INDOOR RADON EQUILIBRIUM FACTOR

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi H. Harley ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Passaporn Chittaporn ◽  
Atsuyuki Sorimachi ◽  
Shinji Tokonami
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Equilibrium Factor

scholarly journals Determination of thoron equilibrium factor from simultaneous long-term thoron and its progeny measurements

2011 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chen ◽  
D. Moir ◽  
A. Sorimachi ◽  
M. Janik ◽  
S. Tokonami
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Factor

scholarly journals On the non-equilibrium factor for nucleation rates

1972 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Linga Murty ◽  
J.E Dorn
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Factor ◽  
Non Equilibrium

Long term and equilibrium factor indoor radon measurements

1998 ◽  
Vol 236 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Martinez ◽  
J. Lartigue ◽  
M. Navarrete ◽  
L. Cabrera ◽  
P. Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Equilibrium Factor ◽  
Radon Measurements

scholarly journals The impact of antigenic escape on the evolution of virulence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Sasaki ◽  
Sébastien Lion ◽  
Mike Boots
Keyword(s):  
Complex Disease ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Antigenic Drift ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Equilibrium Dynamics ◽  
Evolution Of Virulence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Non Equilibrium

AbstractUnderstanding the evolutionary drivers determining the transmission rate and virulence of pathogens remains an important challenge for evolutionary theory with clear implications to the control of human, agricultural and wildlife infectious disease. Although disease is often very dynamic, classical theory examines the long-term outcome of evolution at equilibrium and, in simple models, typically predicts that R0 is maximized. For example, immune escape may lead to complex disease dynamics including repeated epidemics, fluctuating selection and diversification. Here we model the impact of antigenic drift and escape on the evolution of virulence and show analytically that these non-equilibrium dynamics select for more acute pathogens with higher virulence. Specifically, under antigenic drift and when partial cross immunity leads to antigenic escape, our analysis predicts the long-term maximization of the intrinsic growth rate of the parasite resulting in more acute and virulent pathogens than those predicted by classic R0 maximization. Furthermore, it follows that these pathogens will have a lower R0 leading to implications for epidemic, endemic behavior and control. Our analysis predicts both the timings and outcomes of antigenic shifts leading to repeated epidemics and predicts the increase in variation in both antigenicity and virulence before antigenic escape. There is considerable variation in the degree of antigenic escape that occurs across pathogens and our results may help to explain the difference in virulence between related pathogens most clearly seen in the human A, B and C influenzas. More generally our results show the importance of examining the evolutionary consequences of non-equilibrium dynamics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document