From a serious inconsistency between theory and observations for the mass of hyperon-mixed neutron stars (NSs), it is stressed that some "extra repulsion" is missing in hypernuclear systems and three-body force repulsion is tested for the cases with phenomenological Illinoi's type, 2π-exchange via Δ-excitation type(2πΔ) and string-junction quark model(SJM). It is remarked that the "extra repulsion" should have a nature to act universally, i.e., independent of baryon species. The SJM three-body repulsion can meet the condition because of flavor-independence and {2πΔ+ SJM } scheme is shown to be a promising candidate for the "extra repulsion". Occurence of Λ and Σ- superfluidities are shown also by a realistic approach, which importantly supports the idea of nonstandard fast "hyperon cooling" scenario to explain colder class NSs. However, less attractive ΛΛ interaction suggested by the "NAGARA event" [Formula: see text] leads to the disappearance of Λ superfluidity and the breaking down of the scenario. In this connection, the revival of "Λ superfluidity" due to ΛΣ- pairing instead of ΛΛ one is discussed in a new scheme of "bubble shell" hypothesis where the matching of two different Fermi surfaces is forced.
Chiral condensates for neutron stars in hadron-quark crossover: From a parity doublet nucleon model to a Nambu–Jona-Lasinio quark model
