On the Distribution of Real-Valued Solutions to the Power Flow Equations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Lesieutre ◽  
Julia Lindberg ◽  
Alisha Zachariah ◽  
Nigel Boston
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Flow Equations

scholarly journals Stochastic Expansion Planning of Various Energy Storage Technologies in Active Power Distribution Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5752
Author(s):  
Reza Sabzehgar ◽  
Diba Zia Amirhosseini ◽  
Saeed D. Manshadi ◽  
Poria Fajri
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Flow Equations ◽  
Second Order Cone ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
The Cost

This work aims to minimize the cost of installing renewable energy resources (photovoltaic systems) as well as energy storage systems (batteries), in addition to the cost of operation over a period of 20 years, which will include the cost of operating the power grid and the charging and discharging of the batteries. To this end, we propose a long-term planning optimization and expansion framework for a smart distribution network. A second order cone programming (SOCP) algorithm is utilized in this work to model the power flow equations. The minimization is computed in accordance to the years (y), seasons (s), days of the week (d), time of the day (t), and different scenarios based on the usage of energy and its production (c). An IEEE 33-bus balanced distribution test bench is utilized to evaluate the performance, effectiveness, and reliability of the proposed optimization and forecasting model. The numerical studies are conducted on two of the highest performing batteries in the current market, i.e., Lithium-ion (Li-ion) and redox flow batteries (RFBs). In addition, the pros and cons of distributed Li-ion batteries are compared with centralized RFBs. The results are presented to showcase the economic profits of utilizing these battery technologies.

scholarly journals Laplacian Matrix-Based Power Flow Formulation for LVDC Grids with Radial and Meshed Configurations

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1866
Author(s):  
Zahid Javid ◽  
Ulas Karaagac ◽  
Ilhan Kocar ◽  
Ka Wing Chan
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Banach Fixed Point Theorem ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Flow Equations ◽  
Uniqueness Of The Solution

There is an increasing interest in low voltage direct current (LVDC) distribution grids due to advancements in power electronics enabling efficient and economical electrical networks in the DC paradigm. Power flow equations in LVDC grids are non-linear and non-convex due to the presence of constant power nodes. Depending on the implementation, power flow equations may lead to more than one solution and unrealistic solutions; therefore, the uniqueness of the solution should not be taken for granted. This paper proposes a new power flow solver based on a graph theory for LVDC grids having radial or meshed configurations. The solver provides a unique solution. Two test feeders composed of 33 nodes and 69 nodes are considered to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The proposed method is compared with a fixed-point methodology called direct load flow (DLF) having a mathematical formulation equivalent to a backward forward sweep (BFS) class of solvers in the case of radial distribution networks but that can handle meshed networks more easily thanks to the use of connectivity matrices. In addition, the convergence and uniqueness of the solution is demonstrated using a Banach fixed-point theorem. The performance of the proposed method is tested for different loading conditions. The results show that the proposed method is robust and has fast convergence characteristics even with high loading conditions. All simulations are carried out in MATLAB 2020b software.

Design and Analysis of a Novel Power-Split Infinitely Variable Power Transmission System

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ender İnce ◽  
Mehmet A. Güler
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Flow Equations ◽  
Power Split ◽  
Variable Transmission ◽  
Infinitely Variable Transmission ◽  
Variable Power ◽  
New System ◽  
Agricultural Machines

In the last few decades, power-split infinitely variable transmission (IVT) systems have attracted considerable attention as they ensure high driving comfort with high total efficiencies, especially in off-highway vehicles and agricultural machines. In this study, a novel power-split-input-coupled IVT system is developed. The effects of various dynamic parameters such as power flow and Willis transmission ratio on the mechanical efficiency of the systems are investigated. Kinematic analysis of the new system has been carried out. In addition power flow equations are derived as functions of the power that flows through the infinitely variable unit (IVU). The results indicate that the main parameters, which are strictly related to mechanical efficiency are the power and torque flows through the IVU.

Parallel solution of Newton’s power flow equations on configurable chips

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofang Wang ◽  
Sotirios G. Ziavras ◽  
Chika Nwankpa ◽  
Jeremy Johnson ◽  
Prawat Nagvajara
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Flow Equations ◽  
Parallel Solution

A STOCHASTIC REFORMULATION OF THE POWER FLOW EQUATIONS FOR MEMBRANES AND PLATES

1998 ◽  
Vol 211 (5) ◽  
pp. 910-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Viktorovitch ◽  
F. Thouverez ◽  
L. Jezequel
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Flow Equations

Development and Investigation of a Proposed Voltage Sag Index

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-91
Author(s):  
Alexis Polycarpou
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Voltage Sag ◽  
Flow Equations ◽  
Load Transmission ◽  
R Ratio ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
Distribution Line ◽  
Transmission And Distribution ◽  
Load Angle

A proposed voltage sag index based on power flow equations is developed and investigated in this paper. The index supervises the power quality of a system, through calculating the voltage sag profile caused by an increase in reactive demand due to induction motor starting. Mathematical equations representing the load angle of the system are also derived. The accuracy of the index is investigated for a range of load, transmission, and distribution line X/R ratio values as well as various motor loading levels. Results demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed index.

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