Machine Learning for Determining the Transition Point in Hybrid Metaheuristics

The field of histopathology has encountered a key transition point with the progressive move towards use of digital slides and automated image analysis approaches. This chapter discusses the various methods and techniques involved in the automation of image analysis in histopathology. Important concepts and techniques are explained in the 5 main areas of workflow within image analysis in histopathology: data acquisition, the digital image, image pre-processing, segmentation, and machine learning. Furthermore, examples of the application of these concepts and techniques in histopathological research are then given.

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Mind wandering as data augmentation: How mental travel supports abstraction

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x1900311x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

Author(s):

Myrthe Faber

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Data Augmentation ◽

Mental Content ◽

Mind Wandering ◽

Theoretical Framework ◽

Important Addition

Abstract Gilead et al. state that abstraction supports mental travel, and that mental travel critically relies on abstraction. I propose an important addition to this theoretical framework, namely that mental travel might also support abstraction. Specifically, I argue that spontaneous mental travel (mind wandering), much like data augmentation in machine learning, provides variability in mental content and context necessary for abstraction.

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Polarized microbeam FT-IR analysis of single fibers

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100163496 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 206-207

Author(s):

Liling Cho ◽

David L. Wetzel

Keyword(s):

Molecular Orientation ◽

Transition Point ◽

Polymer Fibers ◽

Single Fiber ◽

Wire Grid ◽

Polyester Fibers ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Ir Analysis ◽

The Relationship ◽

Wire Grid Polarizer

Polarized infrared microscopy has been used for forensic purposes to differentiate among polymer fibers. Dichroism can be used to compare and discriminate between different polyester fibers, including those composed of polyethylene terephthalate that are frequently encountered during criminal casework. In the fiber manufacturering process, fibers are drawn to develop molecular orientation and crystallinity. Macromolecular chains are oriented with respect to the long axis of the fiber. It is desirable to determine the relationship between the molecular orientation and stretching properties. This is particularly useful on a single fiber basis. Polarized spectroscopic differences observed from a single fiber are proposed to reveal the extent of molecular orientation within that single fiber. In the work presented, we compared the dichroic ratio between unstretched and stretched polyester fibers, and the transition point between the two forms of the same fiber. These techniques were applied to different polyester fibers. A fiber stretching device was fabricated for use on the instrument (IRμs, Spectra-Tech) stage. Tension was applied with a micrometer screw until a “neck” was produced in the stretched fiber. Spectra were obtained from an area of 24×48 μm. A wire-grid polarizer was used between the source and the sample.

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