Governance & Autonomy: Towards a Governance-based Analysis of Autonomy in Cyber-Physical Systems-of-Systems

Cybersecurity threats to railways are increasing, both due to improvements in the techniques of hackers and the increasing merger of cyber and physical spheres. Accepted approaches to safety can be extended to consider the risks from cyber, however the nature of railways as complex cyber-physical systems of systems may require a broader approach beyond functional safety. This paper explores some of the cybersecurity hazards using a war gaming approach. The authors find that, while standard engineering approaches are effective in building new rail control system components, a broader and more creative consideration of attacks has benefits. In particular they identify the ability to cause mass disruption by targeting the fail-safes designed to ensure safety or auxiliary systems that are not directly classified within the scope of the ICS.

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Risk Management and Standard Compliance for Cyber-Physical Systems of Systems

Infocommunications journal ◽

10.36244/icj.2021.2.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 32-39

Author(s):

George Matta ◽

Sebastian Chlup ◽

Abdelkader Magdy Shaaban ◽

Christoph Schmittner ◽

Andreas Pinzenöhler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Management ◽

Cyber Security ◽

Security Analysis ◽

Cyber Physical Systems ◽

Risk Identification ◽

Security Requirements ◽

Systems Of Systems ◽

Physical Systems ◽

Railway Systems ◽

Industry Standards

The Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud technologies are increasingly implemented in the form of Cyber-Physical Systems of Systems (CPSoS) for the railway sector. In order to satisfy the security requirements of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), domainspecific risk identification assessment procedures have been developed. Threat modelling is one of the most commonly used methods for threat identification for the security analysis of CPSoS and is capable of targeting various domains. This paper reports our experience of using a risk management framework identify the most critical security vulnerabilities in CPSoS in the domain and shows the broader impact this work can have on the domain of safety and security management. Moreover, we emphasize the application of common analytical methods for cyber-security based on international industry standards to identify the most vulnerable assets. These will be applied to a meta-model for automated railway systems in the concept phase to support the development and deployment of these systems. Furthermore, it is the first step to create a secure and standard complaint system by design.

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Cyber-Physical Systems of Systems

10.1007/978-3-319-47590-5 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Keyword(s):

Cyber Physical Systems ◽

Systems Of Systems ◽

Physical Systems

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Platooning LEGOs: An Open Physical Exemplar for Engineering Self-Adaptive Cyber-Physical Systems-of-Systems

2021 International Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems (SEAMS) ◽

10.1109/seams51251.2021.00038 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yong-Jun Shin ◽

Lingjun Liu ◽

Sangwon Hyun ◽

Doo-Hwan Bae

Keyword(s):

Cyber Physical Systems ◽

Systems Of Systems ◽

Physical Systems ◽

Self Adaptive

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The Phenomenon of Blockchain Technology and the Future of Self-Stabilising and Self-Adaptive Systems of Systems

Interdisciplinary Approaches to Digital Transformation and Innovation - Advances in E-Business Research ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-1879-3.ch008 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 185-201

Author(s):

Ben van Lier

Keyword(s):

Adaptive Systems ◽

Cyber Physical Systems ◽

Interconnected Systems ◽

Reliable Communication ◽

Joint Decision ◽

Systems Of Systems ◽

Consensus Algorithms ◽

Physical Systems ◽

Blockchain Technology ◽

Decision Making Processes

Thinking in terms of blockchain technology has developed rapidly over the past decade, with the focus primarily being on all the new possibilities created by this essentially technology-driven development. At its core, blockchain technology consists of a combination of reliable communication mechanisms between systems and the performance of joint decision-making processes by these systems. Consensus algorithms enable combinations of hardware, algorithms, and software (i.e., cyber-physical systems) to operate in networks and engage in secure intercommunication and interaction in these networks. Thanks to intercommunication, cyber-physical systems are able to reach consensus on decisions on information transactions to perform. This, in turn, empowers interconnected systems to increase their level of autonomy and adapt their individual and joint operations to changes that emerge from within them or from their environment.

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