GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL SELECTION IN GASTEROSTEUS ACULEATUS L. IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST, AMERICA

Evolution ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Hagen ◽  
L. G. Gilbertson
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Environmental Selection ◽  
The Pacific

scholarly journals Multiple waves of freshwater colonization of the three-spined stickleback in the Japanese Archipelago

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Kakioka ◽  
Seiichi Mori ◽  
Tomoyuki Kokita ◽  
Takuya K. Hosoki ◽  
Atsushi J. Nagano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Phylogenomic Analysis ◽  
Japanese Archipelago ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Japanese Archipelago

Abstract Background The three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is a remarkable system to study the genetic mechanisms underlying parallel evolution during the transition from marine to freshwater habitats. Although the majority of previous studies on the parallel evolution of sticklebacks have mainly focused on postglacial freshwater populations in the Pacific Northwest of North America and northern Europe, we recently use Japanese stickleback populations for investigating shared and unique features of adaptation and speciation between geographically distant populations. However, we currently lack a comprehensive phylogeny of the Japanese three-spined sticklebacks, despite the fact that a good phylogeny is essential for any evolutionary and ecological studies. Here, we conducted a phylogenomic analysis of the three-spined stickleback in the Japanese Archipelago. Results We found that freshwater colonization occurred in multiple waves, each of which may reflect different interglacial isolations. Some of the oldest freshwater populations from the central regions of the mainland of Japan (hariyo populations) were estimated to colonize freshwater approximately 170,000 years ago. The next wave of colonization likely occurred approximately 100,000 years ago. The inferred origins of several human-introduced populations showed that introduction occurred mainly from nearby habitats. We also found a new habitat of the three-spined stickleback sympatric with the Japan Sea stickleback (Gasterosteus nipponicus). Conclusions These Japanese stickleback systems differ from those in the Pacific Northwest of North America and northern Europe in terms of divergence time and history. Stickleback populations in the Japanese Archipelago offer valuable opportunities to study diverse evolutionary processes in historical and contemporary timescales.

scholarly journals Multiple waves of freshwater colonization of the three-spined stickleback in the Japanese Archipelago

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Kakioka ◽  
Seiichi Mori ◽  
Tomoyuki Kokita ◽  
Takuya K Hosoki ◽  
Atsushi J Nagano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Phylogenomic Analysis ◽  
Japanese Archipelago ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Japanese Archipelago

Abstract Background: The three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is a remarkable system to study the genetic mechanisms underlying parallel evolution during the transition from marine to freshwater habitats. Although the majority of previous studies on the parallel evolution of sticklebacks have mainly focused on postglacial freshwater populations in the Pacific Northwest of North America and northern Europe, we recently use Japanese stickleback populations for investigating shared and unique features of adaptation and speciation between geographically distant populations. However, we currently lack a comprehensive phylogeny of the Japanese three-spined sticklebacks, despite the fact that a good phylogeny is essential for any evolutionary and ecological studies. Here, we conducted a phylogenomic analysis of the three-spined stickleback in the Japanese Archipelago.Results: We found that freshwater colonization occurred in multiple waves, each of which may reflect different interglacial isolations. Some of the oldest freshwater populations from the central regions of the mainland of Japan (Hariyo populations) were estimated to colonize freshwater approximately 170,000 years ago. The next wave of colonization likely occurred approximately 100,000 years ago. The inferred origins of several human-introduced populations showed that introduction occurred mainly from nearby habitats. We also found a new habitat of the three-spined stickleback sympatric with the Japan Sea stickleback (Gasterosteus nipponicus).Conclusions: These Japanese stickleback systems differ from those in the Pacific Northwest of North America and northern Europe in terms of divergence time and history. Stickleback populations in the Japanese Archipelago offer valuable opportunities to study diverse evolutionary processes in historical and contemporary timescales.

scholarly journals Multiple waves of freshwater colonization of the three-spined stickleback in the Japanese Archipelago

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Kakioka ◽  
Seiichi Mori ◽  
Tomoyuki Kokita ◽  
Takuya K Hosoki ◽  
Atsushi J Nagano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Phylogenomic Analysis ◽  
Japanese Archipelago ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Japanese Archipelago

Abstract Background: The three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is a remarkable system to study the genetic mechanisms underlying parallel evolution during the transition from marine to freshwater habitats. Although the majority of previous studies on the parallel evolution of sticklebacks have mainly focused on postglacial freshwater populations in the Pacific Northwest of North America and northern Europe, we recently use Japanese stickleback populations for investigating shared and unique features of adaptation and speciation between geographically distant populations. However, we currently lack a comprehensive phylogeny of the Japanese three-spined sticklebacks, despite the fact that a good phylogeny is essential for any evolutionary and ecological studies. Here, we conducted a phylogenomic analysis of the three-spined stickleback in the Japanese Archipelago. Results: We found that freshwater colonization occurred in multiple waves, each of which may reflect different interglacial isolations. Some of the oldest freshwater populations from the central regions of the mainland of Japan (hariyo populations) were estimated to colonize freshwater approximately 170,000 years ago. The next wave of colonization likely occurred approximately 100,000 years ago. The inferred origins of several human-introduced populations showed that introduction occurred mainly from nearby habitats. We also found a new habitat of the three-spined stickleback sympatric with the Japan Sea stickleback (Gasterosteus nipponicus). Conclusions: These Japanese stickleback systems differ from those in the Pacific Northwest of North America and northern Europe in terms of divergence time and history. Stickleback populations in the Japanese Archipelago offer valuable opportunities to study diverse evolutionary processes in historical and contemporary timescales.

scholarly journals Multiple waves of freshwater colonization of the three-spined stickleback in the Japanese Archipelago

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Kakioka ◽  
Seiichi Mori ◽  
Tomoyuki Kokita ◽  
Takuya K Hosoki ◽  
Atsushi J Nagano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Phylogenomic Analysis ◽  
Japanese Archipelago ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Japanese Archipelago

Abstract Background: The three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is a remarkable system to study the genetic mechanisms underlying parallel evolution during the transition from marine to freshwater habitats. Although the majority of previous studies on the parallel evolution of sticklebacks have mainly focused on postglacial freshwater populations in the Pacific Northwest of North America and northern Europe, we recently use Japanese stickleback populations for investigating shared and unique features of adaptation and speciation between geographically distant populations. However, we currently lack a comprehensive phylogeny of the Japanese three-spined sticklebacks, despite the fact that a good phylogeny is essential for any evolutionary and ecological studies. Here, we conducted a phylogenomic analysis of the three-spined stickleback in the Japanese Archipelago.Results: We found that freshwater colonization occurred in multiple waves, each of which may reflect different interglacial isolations. Some of the oldest freshwater populations from the central regions of the mainland of Japan (hariyo populations) were estimated to colonize freshwater approximately 170,000 years ago. The next wave of colonization likely occurred approximately 100,000 years ago. The inferred origins of several human-introduced populations showed that introduction occurred mainly from nearby habitats. We also found a new habitat of the three-spined stickleback sympatric with the Japan Sea stickleback (Gasterosteus nipponicus).Conclusions: These Japanese stickleback systems differ from those in the Pacific Northwest of North America and northern Europe in terms of divergence time and history. Stickleback populations in the Japanese Archipelago offer valuable opportunities to study diverse evolutionary processes in historical and contemporary timescales.

Geographic Variation in Roost-Site Selection of Long-Legged Myotis in the Pacific Northwest

2010 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1218-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Lacki ◽  
Michael D. Baker ◽  
Joseph S. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Selection Of

Chemosystematic studies in the genus Pseudotsuga. IV. Inheritance and geographical variation in the leaf oil terpenes of Douglas-fir from the Pacific Northwest

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 546-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Von Rudloff ◽  
G. E. Rehfeldt
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathways ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Sib Families

Quantitative terpene analysis of the leaf oils of 433 wild Douglas-fir trees from 87 northwestern localities, 66 wind-pollinated progenies of 4 trees from Idaho, 100 trees from 5 localities represented in a provenance trial, and 76 trees from four full-sib families of F1 intervarietal crosses allowed assessment of biosynthetic pathways, geographic variation, and modes of inheritance. Hypothetical biosynthetic pathways, derived from the cooccurrence of terpenes implied that the variation in 17 monoterpenes could be represented by three or four biogenetic pathways. As a result, geographic variation between the coastal and Rocky Mountain varieties can be described by the relative percentages of β-pinene, the terpinene–sabinene group of terpenes, the camphene group, and perhaps limonene. An abrupt reduction in the production of the camphene group occurs in going from interior to coastal populations. Moreover, patterns of segregation within four full-sib intervarietal hybrid families suggested that production of high relative percentages of the camphene group was governed by a single dominant gene. The dominant allele is characteristic of the Rocky Mountain variety, but isolated occurrences were also found on dry sites in coastal British Columbia. The recessive allele occurs far into the range of the Rocky Mountain variety. The coastal variety is characterized by the synthesis of relatively large amounts of β-pinene and the terpinene–sabinene group and their mode of inheritance is quantitative. Although concentrations of these terpenes decline towards the Rocky Mountains, genes controlling high amounts occur in populations of Idaho and western Montana. The variation in β-pinene and terpenes of the terpinene–sabinene group does not appear to be clinal. Trees with 5–10% ocimene are predominant in eastern Oregon. This terpene was found only in less than 1% amounts in trees from the coastal region and Montana and was practically absent in a provenance from Arizona. Hence it may serve to differentiate Rocky Mountain populations.

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