Increased steady-state levels of alpha-fetoprotein mRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma: an analysis by in situ hybridization

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Varagona ◽  
D. Brown ◽  
A. Haase ◽  
G. Dusheiko
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Alpha Fetoprotein ◽  
Steady State Levels

Drosophila melanogaster homologs of the raf oncogene

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2134-2140
Author(s):  
G E Mark ◽  
R J MacIntyre ◽  
M E Digan ◽  
L Ambrosio ◽  
N Perrimon
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Kinase Domain ◽  
Early Embryogenesis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Steady State Levels

A murine v-raf probe, representing the kinase domain, was used to identify two unique loci in Drosophila melanogaster DNA. The most closely related to v-raf was mapped by in situ hybridization to position 2F5-6 (Draf-1) on the X chromosome, whereas the other raf-related gene (Draf-2) was found at position 43A2-5 on chromosome 2. The nucleotide and amino acid homologies of Draf-1 to the kinase domain of v-raf are 61 and 65%, respectively. The large amount of a 3.2-kilobase Draf-1 transcript detected in eggs as a maternal message decreases during embryonic development, and significant steady-state levels are observed throughout the remainder of morphogenesis. We speculate that the Draf-1 locus plays an important role in early embryogenesis.

scholarly journals Drosophila melanogaster homologs of the raf oncogene.

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2134-2140 ◽  
Author(s):  
G E Mark ◽  
R J MacIntyre ◽  
M E Digan ◽  
L Ambrosio ◽  
N Perrimon
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Kinase Domain ◽  
Early Embryogenesis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Steady State Levels

A murine v-raf probe, representing the kinase domain, was used to identify two unique loci in Drosophila melanogaster DNA. The most closely related to v-raf was mapped by in situ hybridization to position 2F5-6 (Draf-1) on the X chromosome, whereas the other raf-related gene (Draf-2) was found at position 43A2-5 on chromosome 2. The nucleotide and amino acid homologies of Draf-1 to the kinase domain of v-raf are 61 and 65%, respectively. The large amount of a 3.2-kilobase Draf-1 transcript detected in eggs as a maternal message decreases during embryonic development, and significant steady-state levels are observed throughout the remainder of morphogenesis. We speculate that the Draf-1 locus plays an important role in early embryogenesis.

scholarly journals In situ hybridization reveals temporal and spatial changes in cellular expression of mRNA for a laminin receptor, laminin, and basement membrane (type IV) collagen in the developing kidney.

1989 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 1351-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
G W Laurie ◽  
S Horikoshi ◽  
P D Killen ◽  
B Segui-Real ◽  
Y Yamada
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Collagen Iv ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Laminin Receptor ◽  
Northern Analysis ◽  
Cellular Expression ◽  
Distal Tubules

The appearance of extracellular matrix molecules and their receptors represent key events in the differentiation of cells of the kidney. Steady-state mRNA levels for a laminin receptor, the laminin B1, B2, and A chains, and the alpha 1-chain of collagen IV (alpha 1[IV]), were examined in mouse kidneys at 16 d gestation and birth, when cell differentiation is active, and 1-3 wk after birth when this activity has subsided. Northern analysis revealed that mRNA expression of laminin receptor precedes the alpha 1(IV) and laminin B chains whereas laminin A chain mRNA expression was very low. In situ hybridization reflected this pattern and revealed the cells responsible for expression. At 16 d gestation, laminin receptor mRNA was elevated in cells of newly forming glomeruli and proximal and distal tubules of the nephrogenic zone located in the kidney cortex. These cells also expressed mRNA for alpha 1(IV) and laminin chains. At birth, mRNA expression of receptor and all chains remained high in glomeruli but was reduced in proximal and distal tubules. At 1 wk after birth, expression was located in the medulla over collecting ducts and loops of Henle. Little expression was detectable by 3 wk. These results suggest that cellular expression of steady-state mRNA for laminin receptor, laminin, and collagen IV is temporally linked, with laminin receptor expression proceeding first and thereafter subsiding.

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