A new symbiotic lineage related to Neisseria and Snodgrassella arises from the dynamic and diverse microbiomes in sucking lice

MOLECULAR STUDY OF HUMAN HEAD LICE, PEDICULUS HUMANUS CAPITIS COMPARISON WITH GOAT SUCKING LICE, LINOGNATHUS STENOPSIS (BURMEISTER) STRAINS

Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.32649/ajas/2020/12 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 132-139

Keyword(s):

Genetic Difference ◽

Human Head ◽

Molecular Study ◽

Head Lice ◽

Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽

School Students ◽

Pediculus Humanus ◽

Sucking Lice ◽

Pcr Products ◽

Amplicon Size

In this study, only (122) out of (915) primary school students were shown to be infected with head lice Pediculus. humanus capitis. The number and percentage of infected males were 46 (11.3%), while the number and percentage of infected females were 76 (14.9%). The results in our study also showed that the number and percentage of goats infected with goat sucking lice, Linognathus stenopsis was 70 (21.7%) of the total 322 animals, with the highest number and percentage among female goats 44 (62.9%) compared to the male goats 26 (37.1%). The study demonstrated that the rate of genetic difference between the studied samples was 89% and the similarity rate was 11%. Detection of OP-K01 gene pieces by PCR products showed that the amplicon size was 520 bp for P. humanus capitis isolated from humans, while the detection of OP-E20 and OP-M05 gene pieces with PCR product showed the lowest amplicon size 230 bp for Linognathus stenosis isolated from goats.

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Frequent tRNA gene translocation towards the boundaries with control regions contributes to the highly dynamic mitochondrial genome organization of the parasitic lice of mammals

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/s12864-021-07859-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wen-Ge Dong ◽

Yalun Dong ◽

Xian-Guo Guo ◽

Renfu Shao

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Genome ◽

Control Region ◽

Genome Organization ◽

Trna Gene ◽

Trna Genes ◽

Single Chromosome ◽

Gene Translocation ◽

Sucking Lice ◽

Different Types ◽

Mt Genome

Abstract Background The typical single-chromosome mitochondrial (mt) genome of animals has fragmented into multiple minichromosomes in the lineage Mitodivisia, which contains most of the parasitic lice of eutherian mammals. These parasitic lice differ from each other even among congeneric species in mt karyotype, i.e. the number of minichromosomes, and the gene content and gene order in each minichromosome, which is in stark contrast to the extremely conserved single-chromosome mt genomes across most animal lineages. How fragmented mt genomes evolved is still poorly understood. We use Polyplax sucking lice as a model to investigate how tRNA gene translocation shapes the dynamic mt karyotypes. Results We sequenced the full mt genome of the Asian grey shrew louse, Polyplax reclinata. We then inferred the ancestral mt karyotype for Polyplax lice and compared it with the mt karyotypes of the three Polyplax species sequenced to date. We found that tRNA genes were entirely responsible for mt karyotype variation among these three species of Polyplax lice. Furthermore, tRNA gene translocation observed in Polyplax lice was only between different types of minichromosomes and towards the boundaries with the control region. A similar pattern of tRNA gene translocation can also been seen in other sucking lice with fragmented mt genomes. Conclusions We conclude that inter-minichromosomal tRNA gene translocation orientated towards the boundaries with the control region is a major contributing factor to the highly dynamic mitochondrial genome organization in the parasitic lice of mammals.

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The Sucking Lice of American Monkeys

Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.2307/3272086 ◽

1938 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 13 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Henry E. Ewing

Keyword(s):

Sucking Lice

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New Records of Bartonella Spp. And Rickettsia Spp. In Lice Collected From Small Rodents

10.21203/rs.3.rs-66143/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Asta Aleksandravičienė ◽

Algimantas Paulauskas ◽

Michal Stanko ◽

Jana Fričová ◽

Jana Radzijevskaja

Keyword(s):

Sequence Analysis ◽

New Records ◽

Myodes Glareolus ◽

Molecular Characterisation ◽

Infectious Agents ◽

Human Pathogens ◽

Small Rodents ◽

Blood Sucking ◽

Sucking Lice ◽

Pcr Targeting

Abstract Background: Lice are blood-sucking insects that are of medical and veterinary significance as parasites and vectors for various infectious agents. More than half of described blood-sucking lice species are found on rodents. Rodents are important hosts of several Bartonella and Rickettsia species and some of these pathogens are characterised as human pathogens in Europe. Rodent ectoparasites, such as fleas and ticks, are important vectors of Bartonella spp. and Rickettsia spp., but knowledge about the presence of these bacteria in lice is limited. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Bartonella and Rickettsia bacteria in lice collected from rodents in Slovakia.Methods: The ectoparasites were collected from small rodents captured from 2010 to 2015 at four different sites in eastern Slovakia. The presence of Bartonella and Rickettsia pathogens in lice samples was screened by real-time PCR, targeting ssrA and gltA genes respectively. The molecular characterisation of the Bartonella strains was based on sequence analysis of partial rpoB and ITS genes, and of the Rickettsia species on sequence analysis of the gltA gene. Results: A total of 1074 lice of seven species were collected from six rodent species in Slovakia from 2010 to 2015. Bartonella DNA was detected in three species of lice Hoplopleura affinis (collected from Apodemus agrarius, A. flavicollis and Myodes glareolus), Polyplax serrata (from A. agrarius) and Hoplopleura sp. (from A. flavicollis). Sequence analysis revealed that the Bartonella strains belonged to the B. coopersplainsensis, B. tribocorum and B. taylorii genogroups. Rickettsia DNR was detected in H. affinis and P. serrata lice collected from A. agrarius. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of two Rickettsia species: R. helvetica and Rickettsia sp.Conclusions: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report on the occurrence and diversity of Bartonella spp. and Rickettsia spp. in lice collected from small rodents in Europe. This study is also the first to detect B. coopersplainsensis in Slovakia.

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