scholarly journals Morfología craneofacial en niños con apnea obstructiva del sueño / Craneofacial Morphology in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (76) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Del Carmen Caiza Rennella ◽  
Gabriela Elizabeth Sotomayor Guamán ◽  
Andrea Catalina Terreros Peralta ◽  
Eneida López ◽  
Ángela Suarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Hyoid Bone ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Sleep Breathing Disorder ◽  
Craniofacial Features ◽  
Cephalometric Measurements

<p><strong>ABSTRACT. </strong><strong><em>Background:</em></strong> Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a Sleep breathing disorder in children associated with facial and skeletal features. <strong><em>Purpose: </em></strong>to identify craniofacial features associated with OSA in Colombian children. <strong><em>Method:</em></strong> 43 children from 6-13 years old were selected for cephalometric measurements. All patients had been studied trough polysomnography. Cases were represented for 19 children with OSA and 24 children without OSA were grouped as controls, and lateral radiographs were taken. Cephalometric variables analyzed were: anteroposterior cranial length (SN), skeletal classification (ANB), effective mandibular and maxillary length (Co-Pg) (Co-A), sagittal position of maxillary and mandible (N┴A) (N┴Pg), mandibular plane angle (FH-PM), Ricketts growth axis angle (Ba-N/Ptm-Gn), upper and lower pharynx and hyoid Bone position (HPM). <strong><em>Results</em>:</strong> 84.2 % of children with OSA showed a decrease in the length of cranial base compared with 58.3 % of children without OSA (p = 0.067; OR=3.81 95 % CI 0.87- 16.7). The superior bone hyoid position is associated with absence of OSA (OR = 0.26 95 % CI 0.87 to 16.7.) <strong><em>Conclusions:</em></strong> these results suggest trends to relation between length of cranial base and bone hyoid position e and the presence of OSA in children.</p>

scholarly journals Measurement of pharyngeal segments in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Marcos Marques Rodrigues ◽  
Lucas Borin Moura ◽  
Ariane De Souza Oliveira ◽  
Marisa Aparecida Cabrini Gabrielli ◽  
Valfrido Antonio Pereira Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Intimate Relation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cephalometric Measurements

<p><strong>Objective</strong>: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) occurs by recurrent collapse of the upper airway during sleep. It results in complete (apnea) or partial (hypopnea) reduction of airflow and has intimate relation with the upper airway anatomy. Cephalometric analysis has been used to quantify airway dimensions. The aim of this study is evaluate the correlation between the anteroposterior dimension of the upper airway and the severity of obstructive sleep apnea. <strong>Material and Methods</strong>: A retrospective analysis was performed reviewing polysomnographic data (AHI) and anteroposterior cephalometric measurements of pharynx subregions: nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx. <strong>Results</strong>: The sample consisted of 30 patients. The mean body mass index was 29.60 kg/m<sup>2</sup> and the average age was 46.8 years. Nine patients presented severe OSA, seven had moderate OSA , seven had mild OSA, and seven were healthy.  The Pearson's correlation index between the anteroposterior dimension of the nasopharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx and AHI was respectively -0.128 (p=0.517), -0.272 (p=0.162) and -0.129 (p=0.513).<strong> Conclusion: </strong>The correlation between anteroposterior linear dimension of the airway and OSA severity, assessed by AHI, was not positive. As an isolated parameter it did not correlate to the severity of the obstrucive sleep apnea syndrome and should be evaluated in conjunction with other factors.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Upper Airway; Obstructive sleep apnea; Cone beam CT.</p>

scholarly journals Speech Signal and Facial Image Processing for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Assessment

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Espinoza-Cuadros ◽  
Rubén Fernández-Pozo ◽  
Doroteo T. Toledano ◽  
José D. Alcázar-Ramírez ◽  
Eduardo López-Gonzalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Speech Processing ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Active Appearance Models ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Craniofacial Features ◽  
Low Dimensional

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder characterized by recurring breathing pauses during sleep caused by a blockage of the upper airway (UA). OSA is generally diagnosed through a costly procedure requiring an overnight stay of the patient at the hospital. This has led to proposing less costly procedures based on the analysis of patients’ facial images and voice recordings to help in OSA detection and severity assessment. In this paper we investigate the use of both image and speech processing to estimate the apnea-hypopnea index, AHI (which describes the severity of the condition), over a population of 285 male Spanish subjects suspected to suffer from OSA and referred to a Sleep Disorders Unit. Photographs and voice recordings were collected in a supervised but not highly controlled way trying to test a scenario close to an OSA assessment application running on a mobile device (i.e., smartphones or tablets). Spectral information in speech utterances is modeled by a state-of-the-art low-dimensional acoustic representation, called i-vector. A set of local craniofacial features related to OSA are extracted from images after detecting facial landmarks using Active Appearance Models (AAMs). Support vector regression (SVR) is applied on facial features and i-vectors to estimate the AHI.

Digital fluoroscopy before and after laser uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in obstructive sleep apnea

1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tsushima ◽  
J. Antila ◽  
E. Laurikainen ◽  
E. Svedström ◽  
O. Polo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Poor Responders ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Digital Fluoroscopy ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cephalometric Measurements ◽  
Normal Controls

Purpose: to study the changes in pharyngeal behavior after laser uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (LUPPP). Material and Methods: the dynamic changes in the upper airway size were evaluated with digital fluoroscopy in 24 patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) before and after LUPPP and in 16 normal controls, while they were awake and breathing normally. Cephalometric measurements were also made. the patients were classified into the categories of good and poor responders by means of a static-charge-sensitive bed. Results: Following LUPPP, collapsibility at the velopharyngeal level was within the normal range in 15 of 17 good responders, but only in 2 of 7 poor responders (p=0.0086). the minimum airway size at the same level showed a similar trend. in 3 of 7 poor responders the hyoid bone was positioned more caudally than in the good responders (p=0.017). Conclusion: Digital fluoroscopy provides information on the change in upper airway behavior after LUPPP.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10277
Author(s):  
Manlio Santilli ◽  
Eugenio Manciocchi ◽  
Gianmaria D’Addazio ◽  
Erica Di Maria ◽  
Michele D’Attilio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Sleep Breathing Disorder ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a sleep breathing disorder that often remains undiagnosed and untreated. OSAS prevalence is increasing exponentially. Starting on the dentist’s role as an epidemiological and diagnostic “sentinel”, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of OSAS. The clinical diaries of 4659 patients were reviewed through a single-center retrospective analytic study. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Only 0.26% of patients reported to suffer from sleep apnea and were then diagnosed with OSAS. It was found that, out of 4487 patients, 678 suffered from hypertension (14.80%), 188 from gastro-esophageal-reflux-disease (GERD = 4.10%) and 484 from gastritis (10.78%). These results could be related to a difficult diagnosis of OSAS and to the absence of a dedicated section on sleep disorders in medical records. Therefore, the introduction of a question dedicated to sleep disorders, the administration of questionnaires (such as the STOP-BANG questionnaire) for early diagnosis, a multidisciplinary approach and pneumological examination could support the dentist in identifying patients at risk of OSAS.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Type III Portable Monitors for Diagnosing Obstructive Sleep Apnea

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Keiko Ito ◽  
Tokunori Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Portable Monitor ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Sleep Breathing Disorder ◽  
Portable Monitors

Objectives: We evaluated whether the results from portable monitor (PM) devices for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), classified into type III and type IV devices by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, correlated with the results from polysomnography (PSG) testing. Methods: Sixty-four patients with a sleep-breathing disorder used type III or type IV PM devices at home and were subsequently admitted for testing using PSG. The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) from each machine was measured, and the AHI component, apnea index (AI), and hypopnea index (HI) were also analyzed. Results: There was a stronger correlation between the AHI values from PSG testing and those from the type III PM devices (r = 0.92, p < 0.001) than for the data from type IV devices (r = 0.69, p < 0.001). However, the correlation of HI values (type III: r = 0.43, p = 0.024; type IV: r = 0.14, p = 0.41) was poorer than that of the AI values (type III: r = 0.95, p < 0.001; type IV: r = 0.68, p < 0.001). Moreover, the type III PM devices tended to evaluate a patient's condition as less severe than did PSG testing when the AHI value was over 30. Conclusions: Although type III PM devices outperformed type IV devices as substitutes for PSG, the clinical state must be evaluated for patients suspected of having obstructive sleep apnea.

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