Ground-based far-infrared emissivity measurements with the University of Wisconsin absolute radiance interferometer (ARI)

Efficiency is a critical parameter for a solar cell to be successful and is closely related to the working temperature of the cell. In turn, the temperature can be related to the infrared emissivity, the parameter that governs the thermal radiative properties of a body. In particular, the importance of infrared emissivity in a solar cell is essential in passive cooling applications, where controlled radiative thermal losses could let the cell operate at lower temperatures, the range where they present higher efficiency. In this presentation, the emissivity of c-Si solar cells in the low temperature range (around 50 ºC) is discussed. Traditionally, it has been determined by indirect reflectivity measurements at ambient temperature and extrapolated to working temperatures, but here, a direct measurement is proposed. For an accurate value the measurements are performed in the high accuracy radiometer of the University of the Basque Country, which allows spectral directional emissivity measurements as a function of temperature.

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Some Biological Applications of High Voltage Electron Microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100051505 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 298-299

Author(s):

Hans Ris

Keyword(s):

High Voltage ◽

Chromosome Structure ◽

Nerve Fibers ◽

Good Resolution ◽

High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽

Voltage Electron ◽

University Of Wisconsin ◽

High Voltage Electron ◽

One Year ◽

The University

The High Voltage Electron Microscope Laboratory at the University of Wisconsin has been in operation a little over one year. I would like to give a progress report about our experience with this new technique. The achievement of good resolution with thick specimens has been mainly exploited so far. A cold stage which will allow us to look at frozen specimens and a hydration stage are now being installed in our microscope. This will soon make it possible to study undehydrated specimens, a particularly exciting application of the high voltage microscope.Some of the problems studied at the Madison facility are: Structure of kinetoplast and flagella in trypanosomes (J. Paulin, U. of Georgia); growth cones of nerve fibers (R. Hannah, U. of Georgia Medical School); spiny dendrites in cerebellum of mouse (Scott and Guillery, Anatomy, U. of Wis.); spindle of baker's yeast (Joan Peterson, Madison) spindle of Haemanthus (A. Bajer, U. of Oregon, Eugene) chromosome structure (Hans Ris, U. of Wisconsin, Madison). Dr. Paulin and Dr. Hanna are reporting their work separately at this meeting and I shall therefore not discuss it here.

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Ultrastructural characteristics of sporidia of Ustilago

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100155906 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 786-787

Author(s):

Patricia N. Hackney

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Type System ◽

Tube Formation ◽

High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽

Voltage Electron ◽

University Of Wisconsin ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Ustilago Hordei ◽

Silene Alba ◽

The University

Ustilago hordei and Ustilago violacea are yeast-like basidiomycete pathogens ofHordeum vulgare and Silene alba respectively. The mating type system in both species of Ustilago is bipolar, with alleles, A,a, (U.hordei) and a1, a2 (U.violacea) at a single locus. Haploid sporidia maintain the asexual phase by budding, while the sexual phase is initiated by conjugation tube formation between the mating types during budding and conjugation.For observation of budding, sporidia were prepared by culturing the four types on YEG (yeast extract glucose) broth for 24 hours. After centrifugation at 5000g cells were either left unmated or mated in a1/a2,A/a combinations. The sporidia were then mixed 1:1 with 4% agar and the resulting 1mm cubes fixed in 8% gluteraldehyde and post fixed in osmium tetroxide. After dehydration and embedding cubes were thin sectioned with a LKB ultratome and photographed in a Zeiss 9s transmission electron microscope or in an AE1 electron microscope of MK11 1MEV at the High Voltage Electron Microscopy Center of the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

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