An IR reflector based on polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal (PSCLC) can selectively tune IR light reflection for smart window application. Broadening the reflection bandwidth to block more IR heat radiation requires the expansion of the pitch distribution in the PSCLC. Traditional attempts using ex situ direct current (DC) bias upon an already polymerized PSCLC reflector usually require a sustaining potential difference holding the pitch gradient of the reflector. Removing the DC bias will lead to a reflect bandwidth comeback. Here, we have developed an in situ DC curing strategy to realize an irreversible reflect bandwidth broadening. Briefly, a DC bias was used to drive the redistribution of impurity cations, which can be captured by the ester group of oligomers, during the photopolymerization. During the slow polymerization process, such trapped cations will drag the oligomers towards the cathode and compress the pitch length near the cathode before the oligomers form the long polymer chain. Consequently, a frozen pitch gradient by such an in-situ-electric-field-assisted dynamic ion-dragging effect leads to the formation of a pitch gradient along the electrical field direction. After removing the DC bias, the as-cured polymer is observed to have frozen such a gradient pitch feature without recoverable change. As a result, the PSCLC reflector exhibits steady bandwidth broadening of 480 nm in the IR region, which provides the potential for saving energy as a smart window.
Polymer Stabilized Liquid Crystal Smart Window with Flexible Substrates Based on Low-Temperature Treatment of Polyamide Acid Technology