scholarly journals Method for detecting release of substances from the toad (Xenopus laevis) skin during water flow stimulation of the lateral‐line organ

1979 ◽  
Vol 65 (S1) ◽  
pp. S11-S11
Author(s):  
S. C. Bledsoe ◽  
R. P. Bobbin ◽  
D. N. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Flow Stimulation ◽  
Line Organ ◽  
Stimulation Of

Extracellular Receptor Potentials from the Lateral-Line Organ of Xenopus Laevis

1980 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-77
Author(s):  
ALFONS B. A. KROESE ◽  
JOHAN M. VAN DER ZALM ◽  
JOEP VAN DEN BERCKEN
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Water Displacement ◽  
Stimulus Amplitude ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Large Stimulus ◽  
Sensory Hair ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Line Organ

1. The response of the epidermal lateral-line organ of Xenopus laevis to stimulation was studied by recording extracellular receptor potentials from the hair cells in single neuromasts in isolated preparations. One neuromast was stimulated by local, sinusoidal water movements induced by a glass sphere positioned at a short distance from the neuromast. 2. The amplitudes of the extracellular receptor potentials were proportional to the stimulus amplitude over a range of 20 dB. The phase of the extracellular receptor potentials with respect to water displacement was independent of the stimulus amplitude. 3. With large stimulus amplitude, and stimulus frequencies between 0.5 Hz and 2 Hz, the extracellular receptor potentials, and responses of single afferent nerve fibres, showed a phase lead of 1.2 π radians with respect to water displacement, i.e. they were almost in phase with water acceleration. 4. It is concluded that under conditions of stimulation with small-amplitude water movements, the hair cells respond to sensory hair displacement, whereas under conditions of stimulation with large-amplitude water movements they respond to sensory hair velocity.

Stimulus-induced release of endogenous amino acids from skins containing the lateral-line organ in Xenopus Laevis

1980 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Bledsoe ◽  
R. P. Bobbin ◽  
R. Thalmann ◽  
I. Thalmann
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Endogenous Amino Acids ◽  
Line Organ

scholarly journals Stimulus‐induced release of endogenous amino acids from the Xenopus laevis lateral‐line organ

1979 ◽  
Vol 66 (S1) ◽  
pp. S47-S48
Author(s):  
S. C. Bledsoe ◽  
R. P. Bobbin ◽  
R. Thalmann ◽  
I. Thalmann
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Endogenous Amino Acids ◽  
Line Organ

scholarly journals Chemoreception of the Lateral-line Organ of Xenopus laevis

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 873-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihiko ONODA ◽  
Toru HASHIMOTO ◽  
Yasuji KATSUKI
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Line Organ

scholarly journals Input‐Output Characteristics of the Lateral‐Line Organ of Xenopus laevis

1965 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1201-1201
Author(s):  
G. G. Harris ◽  
R. Petraitis ◽  
D. C. Milne
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Output Characteristics ◽  
Line Organ

Effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide and efferent nerve stimulation on afferent transmission in the lateral line organ

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1158-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Sewell ◽  
P. A. Starr
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Spontaneous Discharge ◽  
Efferent Nerve ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
Afferent Discharge ◽  
Line Organ ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a 37-amino acid peptide immunolocalized in efferent fibers innervating hair-cell organs, including the lateral line organ of Xenopus laevis. CGRP, applied in nanomolar concentrations, increased the spontaneous discharge rate in afferent fibers innervating hair cells of the lateral line organ. 2. The increase in spontaneous discharge rate with application of CGRP was associated with an increase in the rate of occurrence of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) and with little change in the amplitude of the EPSPs. 3. Prolonged (several hundred seconds) application of CGRP produced an increase in afferent fiber discharge rate that returned to control values in the continued presence of the peptide. 4. Efferent fibers were electrically stimulated to look for a non-cholinergic effect on spontaneous afferent discharge that might be attributed to CGRP. Electrical stimulation of the efferent fibers produced a rapid (100 ms) suppression of discharge rate followed by a rapid (100 ms) increase in discharge rate. However, both the rapid suppression and rapid excitation were likely to be mediated by the release of acetylcholine, because they were blocked by the application of the cholinergic blocking agents curare and atropine as well as by strychnine. 5. In almost one-half of the preparations examined, electrical stimulation of efferent fibers also produced a slowly developing increase in afferent discharge that could persist for several minutes after termination of the shocks. 6. This slow excitation by efferent stimulation was not blocked by concentrations of curare that blocked the rapid effects of efferent stimulation. Thus the slow effect is likely to be mediated by a receptor different from that for the rapid cholinergic effects. One possibility is that the excitation is mediated by the release of CGRP from the efferent nerve fibers.

scholarly journals CHEMORECEPTION OF THE LATERAL-LINE ORGAN OF AN AQUATIC AMPHIBIAN, XENOPUS LAEVIS

1972 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihiko ONODA ◽  
Yasuji KATSUKI
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Line Organ
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