Procedures which alter the intelligibility of voiced stop consonants for hearing impaired listeners

1983 ◽  
Vol 74 (S1) ◽  
pp. S103-S104
Author(s):  
M. F. Dorman ◽  
J. M. Lindholm ◽  
M. T. Hannley
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Stop Consonants

Detection and Recognition of Stop Consonants by Normal.Hearing and Hearing Impaired Listeners

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 942-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Turner ◽  
David A. Fabry ◽  
Stephanie Barrett ◽  
Amy R. Horwitz
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Stop Consonants ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Masking Noise ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Detection And Recognition

This study examined the possibility that hearing-impaired listeners, in addition to displaying poorer-than-normal recognition of speech presented in background noise, require a larger signal-to-noise ratio for the detection of the speech sounds. Psychometric functions for the detection and recognition of stop consonants were obtained from both normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. Expressing the speech levels in terms of their short-term spectra, the detection of consonants for both subject groups occurred at the same signal-to-noise ratio. In contrast, the hearing-impaired listeners displayed poorer recognition performance than the normal-hearing listeners. These results imply that the higher signal-to-noise ratios required for a given level of recognition by some subjects with hearing loss are not due in part to a deficit in detection of the signals in the masking noise, but rather are due exclusively to a deficit in recognition.

Speaking Clearly for the Hard of Hearing II

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Picheny ◽  
N. I. Durlach ◽  
L. D. Braida
Keyword(s):  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Speaking Rate ◽  
Stop Consonants ◽  
Speech Sounds ◽  
Conversational Speech ◽  
Clear Speech ◽  
Acoustic Analyses

The first paper of this series (Picheny, Durlach, & Braida, 1985) presented evidence that there are substantial intelligibility differences for hearing-impaired listeners between nonsense sentences spoken in a conversational manner and spoken with the effort to produce clear speech. In this paper, we report the results of acoustic analyses performed on the conversational and clear speech. Among these results are the following. First, speaking rate decreases substantially in clear speech. This decrease is achieved both by inserting pauses between words and by lengthening the durations of individual speech sounds. Second, there are differences between the two speaking modes in the numbers and types of phonological phenomena observed. In conversational speech, vowels are modified or reduced, and word-final stop bursts are often not released. In clear speech, vowels are modified to a lesser extent, and stop bursts, as well as essentially all word-final consonants, are released. Third, the RMS intensities for obstruent sounds, particularly stop consonants, is greater in clear speech than in conversational speech. Finally, changes in the long-term spectrum are small. Thus, speaking clearly cannot be regarded as equivalent to the application of high-frequency emphasis.

Impact of Spectrally Asynchronous Delays on Consonant Voicing Perception

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (08) ◽  
pp. 493-511
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Ortmann ◽  
Catherine V. Palmer ◽  
Sheila R. Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Stop Consonants ◽  
Identification Task ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Onset Asynchrony ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Consonant Voicing

Background: A possible voicing cue used to differentiate voiced and voiceless cognate pairs is envelope onset asynchrony (EOA). EOA is the time between the onsets of two frequency bands of energy (in this study one band was high-pass filtered at 3000 Hz, the other low-pass filtered at 350 Hz). This study assessed the perceptual impact of manipulating EOA on voicing perception of initial stop consonants, and whether normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners were sensitive to changes in EOA as a cue for voicing. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of spectrally asynchronous auditory delay on the perception of voicing associated with initial stop consonants by normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. Research Design: Prospective experimental study comparing the perceptual differences of manipulating the EOA cues for two groups of listeners. Study Sample: Thirty adults between the ages of 21 and 60 yr completed the study: 17 listeners with normal hearing and 13 listeners with mild-moderate sensorineural hearing loss. Data Collection and Analysis: The participants listened to voiced and voiceless stop consonants within a consonant-vowel syllable structure. The EOA of each syllable was varied along a continuum, and identification and discrimination tasks were used to determine if the EOA manipulation resulted in categorical shifts in voicing perception. In the identification task the participants identified the consonants as belonging to one of two categories (voiced or voiceless cognate). They also completed a same-different discrimination task with the same set of stimuli. Categorical perception was confirmed with a d-prime sensitivity measure by examining how accurately the results from the identification task predicted the discrimination results. The influence of EOA manipulations on the perception of voicing was determined from shifts in the identification functions and discrimination peaks along the EOA continuum. The two participant groups were compared in order to determine the impact of EOA on voicing perception as a function of syllable and hearing status. Results: Both groups of listeners demonstrated a categorical shift in voicing perception with manipulation of EOA for some of the syllables used in this study. That is, as the temporal onset asynchrony between low- and high-frequency bands of speech was manipulated, the listeners' perception of consonant voicing changed between voiced and voiceless categories. No significant differences were found between listeners with normal hearing and listeners with hearing loss as a result of the EOA manipulation. Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that both normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners likely use spectrally asynchronous delays found in natural speech as a cue for voicing distinctions. While delays in modern hearing aids are less than those used in this study, possible implications are that additional asynchronous delays from digital signal processing or open-fitting amplification schemes might cause listeners with hearing loss to misperceive voicing cues.

Influence of the First Formant on the Recognition of Voiced Stop Consonants by Hearing-Impaired Listeners

1985 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Dorman ◽  
Julie Mapes Lindholm ◽  
Maureen T. Hannley
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Stop Consonants

scholarly journals Effects of some acoustic‐cue modifications on the perception of voiced and unvoiced final stop consonants for hearing‐impaired listeners

1980 ◽  
Vol 67 (S1) ◽  
pp. S78-S78
Author(s):  
Sally Revoile ◽  
J. M. Pickett ◽  
Lisa Holden ◽  
David Talkin
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Stop Consonants

Stimulus factors influencing the identification of voiced stop consonants by normal‐hearing and hearing‐impaired adults

1988 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 1608-1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Mapes Lindholm ◽  
Michael Dorman ◽  
Bonnie Ellen Taylor ◽  
Maureen T. Hannley
Keyword(s):  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Stop Consonants ◽  
Factors Influencing

Identification of Synthetic, Voiced Stop-Consonants by Hearing-Impaired Listeners

1985 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 437-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Raz ◽  
Douglas Noffsinger
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Stop Consonants

Audibility and recognition of stop consonants in normal and hearing‐impaired subjects

1987 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 1566-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Turner ◽  
Michael P. Robb
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Stop Consonants
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document