scholarly journals Influence of fundamental frequency on stop‐consonant voicing perception: A case of learned covariation or auditory enhancement?

1999 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 2247-2247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori L. Holt ◽  
Andrew J. Lotto ◽  
Keith R. Kluender
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Stop Consonant ◽  
Auditory Enhancement ◽  
Consonant Voicing

Gradient Effects of Fundamental Frequency on Stop Consonant Voicing Judgments

Phonetica ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 36-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.H. Whalen ◽  
Arthur S. Abramsona ◽  
Leigh Lisker ◽  
Maria Mody
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Stop Consonant ◽  
Gradient Effects ◽  
Consonant Voicing

Lip and Jaw Kinematics in Bilabial Stop Consonant Production

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Löfqvist ◽  
Vincent L. Gracco
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Stop Consonant ◽  
Movement Variability ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Vowel Context ◽  
Virtual Target ◽  
Contextual Variability ◽  
Consonant Voicing

This paper reports two experiments, each designed to clarify different aspects of bilabial stop consonant production. The first one examined events during the labial closure using kinematic recordings in combination with records of oral air pressure and force of labial contact. The results of this experiment suggested that the lips were moving at a high velocity when the oral closure occurred. They also indicated mechanical interactions between the lips during the closure, including tissue compression and the lower lip moving the upper lip upward. The second experiment studied patterns of upper and lower lip interactions, movement variability within and across speakers, and the effects on lip and jaw kinematics of stop consonant voicing and vowel context. Again, the results showed that the lips were moving at a high velocity at the onset of the oral closure. No consistent influences of stop consonant voicing were observed on lip and jaw kinematics in five subjects, nor on a derived measure of lip aperture. The overall results are compatible with the hypothesis that one target for the lips in bilabial stop production is a region of negative lip aperture. A negative lip aperture implies that to reach their virtual target, the lips would have to move beyond each other. Such a control strategy would ensure that the lips will form an air tight seal irrespective of any contextual variability in the onset positions of their closing movements.

On the naturalness of stop consonant voicing

1986 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Westbury ◽  
Patricia A. Keating
Keyword(s):  
Stop Consonant ◽  
Formal Theory ◽  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
Articulatory Features ◽  
Consonant Voicing

A long recognized problem for linguistic theory has been to explain why certain sounds, sound oppositions, and sound sequences are statistically preferred over others among languages of the world. The formal theory of markedness, developed by Trubetzkoy and Jakobson in the early 1930's, and extended by Chomsky and Halle (1968), represents an attempt to deal with this problem. It is at least implicit in that theory that sounds are rare when (and because) they are marked, and common when (and because) they are not. Whether sounds are marked or unmarked depends – in the latter version of the theory, particularly – upon the ‘intrinsic content’ of acoustic and articulatory features which define them. There was, however, no substantive attempt among early proponents of the theory to show what it was about the content of particular features and feature combinations that caused them to be marked, and others not.

Stop consonant productions of Korean–English bilingual children

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUE ANN S. LEE ◽  
GREGORY K. IVERSON
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Voice Onset Time ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Stop Consonant ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Stop Consonants ◽  
Speech Sounds ◽  
English Bilingual

The purpose of this study was to conduct an acoustic examination of the obstruent stops produced by Korean–English bilingual children in connection with the question of whether bilinguals establish distinct categories of speech sounds across languages. Stop productions were obtained from ninety children in two age ranges, five and ten years: thirty Korean–English bilinguals, thirty monolingual Koreans and thirty monolingual English speakers. Voice-Onset-Time (VOT) lag at word-initial stop and fundamental frequency (f0) in the following vowel (hereafter vowel-onset f0) were measured. The bilingual children showed different patterns of VOT in comparison to both English and Korean monolinguals, with longer VOT in their production of Korean stop consonants and shorter VOT for English. Moreover, the ten-year-old bilinguals distinguished all stop categories using both VOT and vowel-onset f0,whereas the five-year-olds tended to make stop distinctions based on VOT but not vowel-onset f0. The results of this study suggest that bilingual children at around five years of age do not yet have fully separate stop systems, and that the systems continue to evolve during the developmental period.

Acoustic correlates of stop consonant voicing in English and Spanish

2012 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 1937-1937
Author(s):  
Olga Dmitrieva ◽  
Amanda A. Shultz ◽  
Fernando Llanos ◽  
Alexander L. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Stop Consonant ◽  
Acoustic Correlates ◽  
Consonant Voicing
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