scholarly journals Use of Serum Immune Complexes in a New Test That Accurately Confirms Early Lyme Disease and Active Infection with Borrelia burgdorferi

2001 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 3213-3221 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brunner ◽  
L. H. Sigal
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Active Infection

scholarly journals Arthritis and Diagnostics in Lyme Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Javier A. Quintero ◽  
Raluchukwu Attah ◽  
Reena Khianey ◽  
Eugenio Capitle ◽  
Steven E. Schutzer
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Lyme Arthritis ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Active Infection ◽  
Indirect Measure

The diagnosis of Lyme disease, caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, is clinical but frequently supported by laboratory tests. Lyme arthritis is now less frequently seen than at the time of its discovery. However, it still occurs, and it is important to recognize this, the differential diagnoses, and how laboratory tests can be useful and their limitations. The most frequently used diagnostic tests are antibody based. However, antibody testing still suffers from many drawbacks and is only an indirect measure of exposure. In contrast, evolving direct diagnostic methods can indicate active infection.

Sequestration of antibody to Borrelia burgdorferi in immune complexes in seronegative Lyme disease

The Lancet ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 335 (8685) ◽  
pp. 312-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Schutzer ◽  
P.K. Coyle ◽  
A.L. Belman ◽  
M.G. Golightly ◽  
J. Drulle
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Immune Complexes

scholarly journals ELISA-Based Measurement of Antibody Responses and PCR-Based Detection Profiles Can Distinguish between Active Infection and Early Clearance ofBorrelia burgdorferi

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Lazarus ◽  
Akisha L. McCarter ◽  
Kari Neifer-Sadhwani ◽  
R. Mark Wooten
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Intradermal Injection ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Productive Infection ◽  
Active Infection ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Live Bacteria ◽  
Established Infection

Borrelia burgdorferiis a spirochetal bacterium that causes Lyme disease. These studies address whether current research methods using either ELISA to detect seroconversion toB. burgdorferiantigens or PCR quantification of bacterial DNA within tissues can accurately distinguish between a productive infection versus aB. burgdorferiexposure that is rapidly cleared by the innate responses. Mice receiving even minimal doses of liveB. burgdorferiproduced significantly moreB. burgdorferi-specific IgM and IgG than groups receiving large inocula of heat-killed bacteria. Additionally, sera from mice injected with varied doses of killedB. burgdorferirecognized unique borrelial antigens compared to mice infected with liveB. burgdorferi. Intradermal injection of killedB. burgdorferiresulted in rapid DNA clearance from skin, whereas DNA was consistently detected in skin inoculated with viableB. burgdorferi. These data indicate that both ELISA-based serological analyses and PCR-based methods of assessingB. burgdorferiinfection clearly distinguish between an established infection with live bacteria and exposure to large numbers of bacteria that are promptly cleared by the innate responses.

scholarly journals Detection of Immune Complexes Is Not Independent of Detection of Antibodies in Lyme Disease Patients and Does Not Confirm Active Infection with Borrelia burgdorferi

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1036-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana R. Marques ◽  
Ronald L. Hornung ◽  
Len Dally ◽  
Mario T. Philipp
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Active Infection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Outer Surface Protein A

ABSTRACT The Borrelia burgdorferi-specific immune complex (IC) test, which uses polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation to isolate ICs from serum, has been used as a research test in the laboratory diagnosis of early Lyme disease (LD) and has been proposed as a marker of active infection. We examined whether B. burgdorferi-specific antibodies were present within PEG-precipitated ICs (PEG-ICs) in patients with LD, posttreatment Lyme disease syndrome, and controls, including individuals who received the outer surface protein A (OspA) vaccine. Using a B. burgdorferi whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we obtained positive PEG-IC results not only in patients with a history of LD, but also in individuals vaccinated with OspA vaccine. The frequency of positive PEG-IC ELISAs in OspA vaccinees was significantly higher with ELISA-reactive than with ELISA-negative unprocessed serum samples (P = 0.001), demonstrating dependency between the tests. Similar results were found using samples from rhesus macaques infected with B. burgdorferi, uninfected macaques vaccinated with OspA, and controls. Therefore, testing for the presence of antibodies against B. burgdorferi in PEG-IC preparations is not more likely to reflect active infection than testing in unprocessed serum and should not be used in individuals who received the OspA vaccine.

New ultrastructural findings about Borrelia burgdorferi by cryofixation, negative staining, thin sectioning and scanning techniques

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
S. F. Hayes ◽  
M. D. Corwin ◽  
T. G. Schwan ◽  
D. W. Dorward ◽  
W. Burgdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Negative Staining ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Ultrastructural Findings

Characterization of Borrelia burgdorferi strains by means of negative staining EM has become an integral part of many studies related to the biology of the Lyme disease organism. However, relying solely upon negative staining to compare new isolates with prototype B31 or other borreliae is often unsatisfactory. To obtain more satisfactory results, we have relied upon a correlative approach encompassing a variety EM techniques, i.e., scanning for topographical features and cryotomy, negative staining and thin sectioning to provide a more complete structural characterization of B. burgdorferi.For characterization, isolates of B. burgdorferi were cultured in BSK II media from which they were removed by low speed centrifugation. The sedimented borrelia were carefully resuspended in stabilizing buffer so as to preserve their features for scanning and negative staining. Alternatively, others were prepared for conventional thin sectioning and for cryotomy using modified procedures. For thin sectioning, the fixative described by Ito, et al.

scholarly journals Surveillance of Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens in Suburban Natural Habitats of Central Maryland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T Milholland ◽  
Lars Eisen ◽  
Robyn M Nadolny ◽  
Andrias Hojgaard ◽  
Erika T Machtinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
Spotted Fever Group ◽  
Borrelia Miyamotoi ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Questing Ticks ◽  
Tick Vectors

Abstract Lyme and other tick-borne diseases are increasing in the eastern United States and there is a lack of research on integrated strategies to control tick vectors. Here we present results of a study on tick-borne pathogens detected from tick vectors and rodent reservoirs from an ongoing 5-yr tick suppression study in the Lyme disease-endemic state of Maryland, where human-biting tick species, including Ixodes scapularis Say (Acari: Ixodidae) (the primary vector of Lyme disease spirochetes), are abundant. During the 2017 tick season, we collected 207 questing ticks and 602 ticks recovered from 327 mice (Peromyscus spp. (Rodentia: Cricetidae)), together with blood and ear tissue from the mice, at seven suburban parks in Howard County. Ticks were selectively tested for the presence of the causative agents of Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato [s.l.]), anaplasmosis (Anaplasma phagocytophilum), babesiosis (Babesia microti), ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia ewingii, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, and ‘Panola Mountain’ Ehrlichia) and spotted fever group rickettsiosis (Rickettsia spp.). Peromyscus ear tissue and blood samples were tested for Bo. burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s), A. phagocytophilum, Ba. microti, and Borrelia miyamotoi. We found 13.6% (15/110) of questing I. scapularis nymphs to be Bo. burgdorferi s.l. positive and 1.8% (2/110) were A. phagocytophilum positive among all sites. Borrelia burgdorferi s.s. was found in 71.1% (54/76) of I. scapularis nymphs removed from mice and 58.8% (194/330) of captured mice. Results from study on tick abundance and pathogen infection status in questing ticks, rodent reservoirs, and ticks feeding on Peromyscus spp. will aid efficacy evaluation of the integrated tick management measures being implemented.

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