scholarly journals Defining the risk factors for acute, subacute and chronic cough: a cross-sectional study in a Finnish adult employee population

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e022950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M Lätti ◽  
Juha Pekkanen ◽  
Heikki O Koskela
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Chronic Cough ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Oesophageal Reflux ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Chronic Rhinitis ◽  
Oesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
History Of

ObjectivesChronic cough is linked to various long-standing risk factors like asthma, chronic rhinitis and oesophageal reflux disease. On the contrary, acute and subacute cough are usually considered to be caused by acute respiratory infections. Little is known about the possible long-standing risk factors for acute and subacute cough. In this study, we have identified the long-standing risk factors for acute, subacute and chronic cough in order to identify the risk factors specifically associated with chronic cough.DesignA comprehensive 80-item questionnaire was sent via email to the participants.SettingA community-based study to all public service employees of two towns in central Finland.ParticipantsThere were 13 980 employees, of them 3697 responded (26.4%). Among the responders, there were 199 subjects with current daily acute cough (duration <3 weeks, prevalence 5.4%), 126 subjects with current daily subacute cough (duration 3–8 weeks, prevalence 3.4%) and 267 subjects with current daily chronic cough (duration >8 weeks, prevalence 7.2%).Primary outcome measuresThe risk factors that associated with each cough subtype. The subjects without any cough formed the reference group.ResultsSeveral risk factors were associated with both short and long cough subtypes namely family history of chronic cough, moisture damage exposure and number of reported somatic symptoms. Furthermore, allergy was associated with acute and subacute cough. Current asthma and chronic rhinitis were associated with subacute and chronic cough. Oesophageal reflux disease and advanced age were associated with chronic cough.ConclusionsThe specific risk factors for chronic cough were oesophageal reflux disease and advanced age. Acute and subacute cough should not be regarded merely as symptoms of acute respiratory infections but possible manifestations of long-standing risk factors. A new risk factor for all cough types was family history of chronic cough.

scholarly journals Natural history of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease diagnosed in general practice

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 751-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ruigómez ◽  
L. A. García Rodríguez ◽  
M.-A. Wallander ◽  
S. Johansson ◽  
H. Graffner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Oesophageal Reflux ◽  
Oesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
History Of

Correlation between laryngobronchoscopy and pepsin in the diagnosis of extra-oesophageal reflux

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 572-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Krishnan ◽  
S Paul ◽  
I Messina ◽  
M Soma
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Oesophageal Reflux ◽  
Oesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Male Preponderance ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Standard Tests ◽  
Tracheal Aspirates

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to investigate pepsin as a marker of extra-oesophageal reflux disease by examining its presence in tracheal aspirates and correlating it with macroscopic changes on laryngobronchoscopy, along with the results of standard tests for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and clinical features.Methods:A retrospective review was undertaken of a cohort of 188 paediatric patients who underwent laryngobronchoscopy at a tertiary children's hospital and for whom pepsin assay results of tracheal aspirates were available. An association analysis was performed.Results:The mean patient age was 3.99 (3.40–4.58) years, with a male preponderance (55 per cent). Positive changes on laryngobronchoscopy were significantly associated with positive tracheal pepsin findings (p< 0.0001) but not with positive standard gastro-oesophageal reflux disease investigations. A positive pepsin assay was significantly associated with a history of recurrent croup (p= 0.0385) and a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (p= 0.0232).Conclusion:Macroscopic changes on laryngobronchoscopy were significantly associated with positive tracheal pepsin findings in this paediatric population, suggesting that extra-oesophageal reflux disease may be a contributing aetiology.

scholarly journals Associations between different forms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease

Gut ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 594-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
H B El-Serag ◽  
A Sonnenberg
Keyword(s):  
Hiatus Hernia ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
White Male ◽  
Oesophageal Reflux ◽  
Department Of Veterans Affairs ◽  
White Ethnicity ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Oesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Oesophageal Ulcer ◽  
History Of

AbstractAims—To study the epidemiology and natural history of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD).Methods—Retrospective cohort study involving all 172 hospitals of the Department of Veterans Affairs. A total of 194 527 patients with GORD were followed between 1981 and 1994. Distribution of oesophagitis, oesophageal ulcer, oesophageal stricture, strictured hiatus hernia, hiatus hernia, and pyrosis by age, sex, and ethnicity were determined. The comorbid occurrence of various forms of GORD in identical patients was analysed by an age and race standardised morbidity ratio. The population of all hospitalised veterans was used for comparison.Results—Severe forms of GORD associated with oesophageal erosions, ulcers, or strictures, affected elderly, white, male patients more often than their corresponding opposite demographic group. All forms of GORD clustered in the same patient population; on average, any form of GORD was 10 times more likely to occur in a patient with another form of GORD than without. The highest morbidity ratio (22) was found in oesophageal ulcer and stricture. About one third of all patients with oesophageal erosions, ulcers, or strictures also had hiatus hernia; 46% of patients with hiatus hernia were diagnosed as having other forms of GORD. While one third of all oesophageal strictures appeared in patients without other forms of GORD diagnosed at any time, oesophageal ulcers were always associated with some other form of GORD. No clear cut progression in different forms of GORD was found.Conclusions—Older age, male sex, and white ethnicity are risk factors in the development of severe forms of GORD. The most severe grade of GORD is reached at the onset of the disease.

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