SOME FOLIICOLOUS FUNGI OF THE PYROLACEAE

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 865-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Parmelee
Keyword(s):  
New Hosts ◽  
Foliicolous Fungi

This paper presents a review of some of the fungi that parasitize hosts in the Pyrolaceae. Lophodermium pyrolae Parmelee on Pyrola spp. and Strasseria nigra Dearn. on Pyrola spp. are described as new. Mycosphaerella chimaphilae (Ell. & Ev.) Hoehn. is considered to be synonymous with Mycosphaerella chimaphilina (Pk. in Sacc.) House. Ovularia pyrolae Trel. is transferred to the genus Colletotrichum and new hosts and range extensions are listed for other fungi.

Erpobdellid Leeches as New Hosts for the Nematomorph, Gordius sp.

1971 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy T. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
New Hosts

scholarly journals Different Abilities of Escape Mutant-Specific Cytotoxic T Cells To Suppress Replication of Escape Mutant and Wild-Type Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in New Hosts

2007 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamoru Fujiwara ◽  
Junko Tanuma ◽  
Hirokazu Koizumi ◽  
Yuka Kawashima ◽  
Kazutaka Honda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Escape Mutant ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Specific Ctls ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
New Hosts ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Hla Molecules

ABSTRACT There is much evidence that in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals, strong cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune pressure results in the selection of HIV-1 mutants that have escaped from wild-type-specific CTLs. If escape mutant-specific CTLs are not elicited in new hosts sharing donor HLA molecules, the transmission of these mutants results in the accumulation of escape mutants in the population. However, whether escape mutant-specific CTLs are definitively not elicited in new hosts sharing donor HLA molecules still remains unclear. A previous study showed that a Y-to-F substitution at the second position (2F) of the Nef138-10 epitope is significantly detected in HLA-A*2402+ hemophilic donors. Presently, we confirmed that this 2F mutant was an escape mutant by demonstrating strong and weak abilities of Nef138-10-specific CTL clones to suppress replication of the wild-type and 2F mutant viruses, respectively. We demonstrated the existence of the 2F-specific CTLs in three new hosts who had been primarily infected with the 2F mutant. The 2F-specific CTL clones suppressed the replication of both wild-type and mutant viruses. However, the abilities of these clones to suppress replication of the 2F virus were much weaker than those of wild-type-specific and the 2F-specific ones to suppress replication of the wild-type virus. These findings indicate that the 2F mutant is conserved in HIV-1-infected donors having HLA-A*2402, because the 2F-specific CTLs failed to completely suppress the 2F mutant replication and effectively prevented viral reversion in new hosts carrying HLA-A*2402.

Reaction of Hordeum species to the smut fungi Ustilago nuda and U. tritici

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 2024-2027 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Chilense ◽  
Smut Fungi ◽  
New Hosts ◽  
Cultivated Barley ◽  
Ustilago Nuda ◽  
Hordeum Species ◽  
Eleven Species

Eleven species of Hordeum were tested for their reaction to Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Rostr. and U. tritici (Pers.) Rostr., the causes of the embryo-infecting loose smuts of cultivated barley and wheat, respectively. The species Hordeum chilense and H. depressum were resistant, while H. euclaston, H. halophilum, H. procerum, H. pusillum, and H. stenostachys were susceptible to both fungi. Hordeum muticum was susceptible only to U. nuda, while H. arizonicum, H. lechleri, and H. roshevitzii were susceptible only to U. tritici. The susceptible species are new hosts for these pathogens. It is proposed that these results, together with those of an earlier study, indicate that U. nuda evolved from U. tritici.

Further Studies on Coenurus glomeratus

1940 ◽  
Vol 18 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis A. Clapham
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Cyst Formation ◽  
Daughter Cyst ◽  
New Hosts ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

The structure of the normal coenurus of M. glomeratus is described and some observations have been made on its powers of budding and vegetative growth and reproduction. It is suggested that only a small area of the cyst has the power of growth and development and that budding and daughter cyst formation is an action which attempts to stave off old age and sterility. It has been found possible to cause new growths and infections by the transplantation of certain elements to new hosts. Some remarks are made on the occurrence of abnormalities in a coenurus cyst.

scholarly journals Redescription of Echinuria hypognatha Wehr, 1937 (Nematoda; Acuariidae) including ecology and new hosts

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kavetska ◽  
A. Stapf ◽  
K. Królaczyk ◽  
E. Kalisińska
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
General Information ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Ecological Characteristics ◽  
New Hosts ◽  
Northwestern Poland ◽  
Clangula Hyemalis

AbstractReports on the presence of Echinuria hypognatha Wehr, 1937 in Europe have so far provided only general information, and therefore we present further morphometric and ecological characteristics of this parasite. In this study, the examined nematodes were isolated from the digestive tract of 1 005 wild ducks, representing 17 species from the northwestern Poland. The anatomical features of the parasite were in principle consistent with the description of the species by its discoverer and reports in the available literature. Nematodes (505 individuals) were found in 2.5 % of the examined ducks, in five species wintering in Poland: Clangula hyemalis, Melanitta nigra, M. fusca, Mergellus albellus and Aythya fuligula. The exclusive locations of the nematode were the glands in the proventriculus. The highest incidence was recorded in Melanitta ducks, and the presence of this nematode only in birds wintering in Poland indicates that E. hypognatha is brought to Poland by birds migrating from the areas of Eastern Siberia.

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