Identification of Hordeum bulbosum chromosomes in H. vulgare – H. bulbosum substitutions using isozyme markers

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Thiele ◽  
R. A. Pickering ◽  
G. Melz ◽  
W. Pohler
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Hordeum Bulbosum ◽  
Alien Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Identification ◽  
Selfed Progeny ◽  
Isozyme Markers ◽  
Chromosome Substitutions ◽  
Homoeologous Relationships

Hordeum bulbosum chromosomes 1Hb, 4Hb, 6Hb, and 7Hb were identified in five monosomic and one double monosomic H. vulgare – H. bulbosum substitution using 11 isozyme systems. In all substitutions analyzed, diagnostic isozyme bands for H. bulbosum chromosomes were found in the same isozyme systems and zones having diagnostic value for the homoeologous H. vulgare chromosomes. However, bands that are normally diagnostic for the 3Hv region appeared in one 6Hv substitution and in one selfed progeny from another 6Hv substitution.Key words: Hordeum vulgare, Hordeum bulbosum, alien chromosome substitutions, isozymes, chromosome identification, homoeologous relationships.

scholarly journals Importance of the Secondary Genepool in Barley Genetics and Breeding. I. Cytogenetics and Molecular Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pickering ◽  
A. Johnston P ◽  
B. Ruge
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Hordeum Bulbosum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Cultivated Barley

There have been no plant breeding developments using species from the tertiary genepool of cultivated barley for breeding or genetics since the VIII<sup>th</sup> International Barley Genetics Symposium in 2000. Hence, the first part of this review describes progress since 2000 in developing and characterising recombinant lines derived from hybridisations between the sole species in the secondary genepool, Hordeum bulbosum L., and cultivated barley, Hordeum vulgare L. The topics discussed in part I are cytogenetics and molecular analysis of recombinant lines. &nbsp;

The Hordeum bulbosum 25S-18S rDNA region: comparison with Hordeum vulgare and other Triticeae

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 319-328
Author(s):  
Oleg Georgiev ◽  
Kiril Mishev ◽  
Maria Krasnikova ◽  
Meglena Kitanova ◽  
Anna Dimitrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
18S Rdna ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
Hordeum Bulbosum ◽  
Promoter Sequences ◽  
External Transcribed Spacer

Abstract Hordeum vulgare and Hordeum bulbosum are two closely related barley species, which share a common H genome. H. vulgare has two nucleolar organizer regions (NORs), while the NOR of H. bulbosum is only one. We sequenced the 2.5 kb 25S-18S region in the rDNA of H. bulbosum and compared it to the same region in H. vulgare as well as to the other Triticeae. The region includes an intergenic spacer (IGS) with a number of subrepeats, a promoter, and an external transcribed spacer (5′ETS). The IGS of H. bulbosum downstream of 25S rRNA contains two 143-bp repeats and six 128-bp repeats. In contrast, the IGS in H. vulgare contains an array of seven 79-bp repeats and a varying number of 135-bp repeats. The 135-bp repeats in H. vulgare and the 128-bp repeats in H. bulbosum show similarity. Compared to H. vulgare, the 5′ETS of H. bulbosum is shorter. Additionally, the 5′ETS regions in H. bulbosum and H. vulgare diverged faster than in other Triticeae genera. Alignment of the Triticeae promoter sequences suggests that in Hordeum, as in diploid Triticum, transcription starts with guanine and not with adenine as it is in many other plants.

Characterization by RFLP analysis and genomic in situ hybridization of a recombinant and a monosomic substitution plant derived from Hordeum vulgare L. × Hordeum bulbosum L. crosses

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Pickering ◽  
A. M. Hill ◽  
R. G. Kynast
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Barley Chromosome ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Hordeum Bulbosum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

Interspecific crosses in Hordeum have been made with the aim of transferring desirable traits, such as disease resistance, from a wild species, Hordeum bulbosum, into cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare). Interspecific recombinants have previously been identified using several methods, but there are limitations with all the techniques. We improved our ability to characterize progeny from H. vulgare × H. bulbosum crosses by using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). The plant material comprised a recombinant and a monosomic alien substitution plant derived from H. vulgare × H. bulbosum crosses. The recombinant possesses a pubescent leaf sheath conferred by a gene transferred from H. bulbosum into barley cultivar Golden Promise. The use of GISH on a plant homozygous for the pubescence gene confirmed the presence of H. bulbosum DNA located distally on two barley chromosomes and we mapped the introgression to barley chromosome 4HL using RFLP analysis. Furthermore, by means of an allelism test we found that the transferred gene for pubescence is allelic or closely linked to a gene for pubescence (Hs) located on barley chromosome 4HL. The presence of a single H. bulbosum chromosome in the monosomic substitution plant was confirmed by GISH. A distal introgression of H. bulbosum DNA was also observed on one barley chromosome, which was located on chromosome 3HL by RFLP analysis.Key words: Hordeum vulgare, Hordeum bulbosum, interspecific hybrid, gene introgression, genomic in situ hybridization.

A microsatellite sequence from the rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea) distinguishes between the centromeres of Hordeum vulgare and H. bulbosum in hybrid plants

Genome ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
N -S Kim ◽  
K C Armstrong ◽  
G Fedak ◽  
K Ho ◽  
N -I Park
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Magnaporthe Grisea ◽  
Chromosome Instability ◽  
Rice Blast Fungus ◽  
Specific Probe ◽  
Hordeum Bulbosum ◽  
Repeated Dna ◽  
Microsatellite Sequence

A TC/AG-repeat microsatellite sequence derived from the rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea) hybridized to all of the centromeres of Hordeum vulgare chromosomes, but hybridized faintly or not at all to the chromosomes of Hordeum bulbosum. Using this H. vulgare centromere-specific probe, the chromosomes of four F1 hybrids between H. vulgare and H. bulbosum were analyzed. The chromosome constitution in the root tips of the hybrids was mosaic, i.e., 7 (7v, H. vulgare) and 14 (7v + 7b H. bulbosum), or 14 (7v + 7b) and 27 (14v + 13b), or 7 (7v), 14 (7v + 7b), and 27 (14v + 13b). The 27-chromosome tetraploid hybrid cells were revealed to have the NOR (nucleolus organizer region) bearing chromosome of H. bulbosum in a hemizygous state, which might indicate some role for this chromosome in the chromosome instability of the hybrid condition. The chromosomal distribution showed that the chromosomes of H. vulgare were concentric and chromosomes of H. bulbosum were peripheral in the mitotic squash. This non-random chromosome distribution and the centromere-specific repeated DNA differences in the two species were discussed in relation to H. bulbosum chromosome elimination. Meiotic chromosome analyses revealed a high frequency of homoeologous chromosome pairing in early prophase. However, this chromosome pairing did not persist until later meiotic stages and many univalents and chromosome fragments resulted. These were revealed to be H. bulbosum by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis with the H. vulgare centromere-specific probe. Because the chromosome segregation of H. vulgare and H. bulbosum chromosomes at anaphase I of meiosis was random, the possibility for obtaining chromosome substitution lines in diploid barley from the diploid hybrid was discussed.Key words: Hordeum vulgare, Hordeum bulbosum, centromere-specific repeated DNA, FISH, chromosome instability.

Identification of all chromosome arms and their involvement in meiotic homoeologous associations at metaphase I in 2 Hordeum vulgare L. × Hordeum bulbosum L. hybrids

Genome ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Pickering ◽  
S Klatte ◽  
R C Butler
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Hordeum Bulbosum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
Chromosome Associations

We have identified all Hordeum bulbosum chromosomes in 2 diploid Hordeum vulgare × Hordeum bulbosum hybrids using suitable probes and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Using the parental idiograms allowed us to carry out a full analysis of chromosome associations among all chromosome arms in the hybrids. Association frequencies were generally lower for the short arms than for the long arms. There were also significant differences among the chromosome arms in association frequencies, partly correlated with the absolute length of the chromosome arm, as well as with the frequency of recombinant lines, which were recovered from partially fertile interspecific hybrids. The H. bulbosum idiogram will be useful for further chromosome association studies and will enable the identification of H. bulbosum chromosomes involved in chromosome addition or substitution lines.Key words: Hordeum vulgare, Hordeum bulbosum, interspecific hybrids, chromosome associations, meiosis, fluorescence in situ hybridization.

RFLP mapping of a gene for hairy leaf sheath using a recombinant line from Hordeum vulgare L. ×Hordeum bulbosum L. cross

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 960-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Korzun ◽  
S. Malyshev ◽  
R.A. Pickering ◽  
A. Börner
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Rflp Mapping ◽  
Hordeum Bulbosum ◽  
Recombinant Line
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