The crystal structures of the 1:2 host:guest complexes of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (isomers A and B) with sodium and potassium phenoxide

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 816-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie E. Fraser ◽  
Suzanne Fortier ◽  
André Rodrigue ◽  
John W. Bovenkamp
Keyword(s):  
Crown Ether ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Metal Cation ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Elliptical Cavity ◽  
Cation Coordination ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The crystal structures of the 1:2 host:guest complexes of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (isomer B) with potassium phenoxide and dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (isomer A) with sodium phenoxide have been determined. The potassium phenoxide complex crystallizes in space group [Formula: see text] with a = 10.023(2), b = 11.238(2), c = 7.546(2) Å, α = 95.73(2), β = 103.04(2), γ = 92.03(2)°, and Z = 1. The sodium phenoxide complex crystallizes in space group P21/n with a = 19.185(12), b = 13.266(5), c = 13.038(5) Å, β = 96.55(4)°, and Z = 4. Both structures were solved by direct methods and refined by full matrix least-squares calculations to a residual, R, of 0.035. The host conformation as well as the metal cation coordination differ considerably in the two structures. In the potassium phenoxide complex, the two cations are related by symmetry and have, consequently, the same chemical environment. Each potassium is located approximately halfway between the plane formed by the crown ether oxygens and the phenoxide anions and is coordinated to four of the crown oxygens and to two phenoxide oxygens. The oxygens of the crown are found to outline an elliptical cavity and to lie approximately in a plane. In the sodium phenoxide complex, the two sodiums have different crystallographic and chemical environments. One sodium is coordinated to the six hexaether oxygens, with distances ranging from 2.36to2.84 Å, and to one of the phenoxide oxygens. The other sodium is coordinated to only one of the crown oxygens and to three of the phenoxide oxygens. The hexaether adopts a highly irregular conformation.

Complexes of 15-crown-5 and cyclohexano-15-crown-5 with lithium, sodium, and potassium phenoxide having macrocycle: salt ratios of 1:1 and 1:2. The crystal structures of two polymorphs of 15-crown-5•2LiOPh

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 2515-2523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Murchie ◽  
John W. Bovenkamp ◽  
André Rodrigue ◽  
Kimberley A. Watson ◽  
Suzanne Fortier
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffraction Structure ◽  
Structure Determinations ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The syntheses, in ethereal solvents, of the complexes of 15-crown-5 and cyclohexano-15-crown-5 with lithium, sodium, and potassium phenoxide are described. The two macrocycles form complexes with lithium and sodium phenoxide with host:guest ratios of 1:2. Potassium phenoxide, however, was complexed by the two macrocycles to give products with macrocycle:salt ratios of 1:1. Crystals of 15-crown-5•2LiOPh were obtained for X-ray diffraction structure determinations. In fact, the crystal structures of two co-crystallizing polymorphs of this complex (1a and 1b) have been determined. Polymorph 1a crystallizes in space group [Formula: see text] with a = 11.386(4), b = 11.901(4), c = 10.654(4) Å, α = 106.53(3), β = 112.60(3), γ = 106.52(3)°, and Z = 2. Polymorph 1b crystallizes in space group P21/n with a = 15.355(4), b = 11.642(2), c = 13.595(6) Å, β = 104.56(3)°, and Z = 4. Both structures were solved by direct methods, and refined by full-matrix least-squares calculations to residuals, R, of 0.053 and 0.055 for polymorphs 1a and 1b, respectively. The structures of the two polymorphs differ only in the orientation of the phenoxides. The structures show a dimer, (15-crown-5•2LiOPh)2, which consists of an aggregate of four lithium phenoxide molecules complexed by two 15-crown-5 macrocycles. The two lithiums of each monomeric unit of this dimer have different crystallographic and chemical environments. One lithium is coordinated to all five oxygens of the macrocycle and to one of the phenoxide oxygens while the other lithium is coordinated to only one oxygen of the macrocycle and to three phenoxide oxygens.

Crown ether complexes exhibiting unusual 1:2 macrocycle salt ratios: X-ray crystal structures of cyclohexano-15-crown-5•2LiOPh, cyclohexano-15-crown-5•2NaOPh, and 15-crown-5•2NaOPh

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Watson ◽  
Suzanne Fortier ◽  
Michael P. Murchie ◽  
John W. Bovenkamp
Keyword(s):  
Crown Ether ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Host Guest Complex ◽  
Crown Ether Complexes

The crystal structures of three crown ether complexes (cyclohexano-15•crown-5•2LiOPh (1): Li2O7C26H36, Mr = 474.45, λ(CuKα)filt. = 1.5418 Å; cyclohexano-15-crown-5•2NaOPh (2): Na2O7C26H36, Mr = 504.54, λ(CuKα)filt. = 1.5418 Å; and 15-crown-5•2NaOPh (3): Na2O7C22H30, Mr = 452.46, λ(CuKα)mono. = 1.5418 Å) have been determined by X-ray diffraction at room temperature (T = 298 K). Complex 1 crystallizes in space group P21/n with a = 15.032(5), b = 13.332(2), c = 13.533(3) Å, β = 106.28(2)°, V = 2603.2 Å3, and Z = 4. Complex 2 crystallizes in space group P21/n with a = 15.94(1), b = 12.194(7), c = 14.068(7) Å, β = 102.84(5)°, V = 2666.3 Å3, and Z = 4. Complex 3 crystallizes in space group P21/c with a = 12.451(3), b = 17.263(3), c = 12.659(6) Å, β = 115.74(3)°, V = 2450.8 Å3, and Z = 4. The three structures were solved by direct methods and refined by full-matrix least-squares calculations to residuals, R, of 0.080, 0.069, and 0.081 for complexes 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In each structure the macrocycle forms a 1:2 host–guest complex with the alkali metal. Each structure exhibits a dimer of the general form (MAC•2MOPh)2 where M = Li+ and Na+ for structures 1 and 2, respectively, and MAC = cyclohexano-15-crown-5, while M = Na+ and MAC = 15-crown-5 for structure 3. In each case the two metals of the monomeric unit have different crystallographic and chemical environments. In structures 1 and 3 one alkali metal is coordinated to all five oxygens of the macrocycle and to one of the phenoxide oxygens, while the other alkali metal is coordinated to only one oxygen of the macrocycle and to three phenoxide oxygens. In structure 2, one alkali metal is coordinated to only four of the five oxygens of the macrocycle and to two of the phenoxide oxygens, while the other alkali metal is coordinated to only one oxygen of the macrocycle and to three phenoxide oxygens (as in 1 and 3). Key words: crown ether, host–guest complexes, X-ray crystallography.

Structural studies of organoboron compounds. XXXIII. 4,4-Dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-1,3-dioxa-4-azonia-2-boratacyclohexaneand 3,3-dimethyl-2-phenoxy-2-phenyl-1-oxa-3-azonia-2-boratacyclopentane

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 933-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eckardt Ebeling ◽  
Wolfgang Kliegel ◽  
Steven J. Rettig ◽  
James Trotter
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Boron Compounds ◽  
Organoboron Compounds ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Space Group

Details of the syntheses, physical properties, and crystal structures of the title compounds are reported. Crystals of 4,4-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-1,3-dioxa-4-azonia-2-boratacyclohexane, 3, are monoclinic, a = 6.512(1), b = 15.765(2), c = 14.342(4) Å, β = 93.170(7)°, Z = 4, space group Pn, and those of 3,3-dimethyl-2-phenoxy-2-phenyl-1-oxa-3-azonia-2-boratacyclopentane, 4, are orthorhombic, a = 13.5829(8), b = 16.940(1), c = 6.3181(4) Å, Z = 4, space group P21212. Both structures were solved by direct methods and were refined by full-matrix least-squares procedures to R = 0.034 and 0.034 for 1974 and 1478 reflections with I ≥ 3σ(I), respectively. The molecular structures are discussed in terms of the thermally-induced 1,2-migration of B-substituents by which 3 is converted to 4. Keywords: crystal structures, boron compounds, organoboron compounds.

Structural studies of organoboron compounds. XXXII. 5,5-Difluoro-2,2-pentamethylene-1,4,6-trioxa-3a-azonia-5-borata-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydrobenzo[h]azulene and 2,2-pentamethylene-5,5-diphenyl-1,4,6-trioxa-3a-azonia-5-borata-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydrobenzo[h]azulene

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 2621-2630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Kliegel ◽  
Mahmood Tajerbashi ◽  
Steven J. Rettig ◽  
James Trotter
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Bond Lengths ◽  
Conformational Isomers

Details of the syntheses, physical properties, and crystal structures of the title compounds are reported. Crystals of 5,5-difluoro-2,2-pentamethylene-1,4,6-trioxa-3a-azonia-5-borata-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydrobenzo[h]azulene are triclinic, a = 6.1576(3), b = 11.2651(3), c = 10.8118(3) Å, α = 109.747(3), β = 105.807(4), γ = 92.976(4)°, Z = 2, space group [Formula: see text], and those of 2,2-pentamethylene-5,5-diphenyl-1,4,6-trioxa-3a-azonia-5-borata-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydrobenzo[h]azulene are monoclinic, a = 9.8549(6), b = 10.9242(6), c = 41.263(2) Å, β = 92.717(6)°, Z = 8, space group P21/n. Both structures were solved by direct methods and were refined by full-matrix least-squares procedures to R = 0.045 and 0.042 for 2344 and 4248 reflections with I ≥ 3σ(I), respectively. The molecules were both found to possess a seven-membered chelate structure, the O,O-chelatїng ligand being strongly bound to the X2B moiety. Two conformational isomers of the X = Ph compound were found in the solid state. The 2-oxazoline N-oxide moieties present in both compounds are the first to be structurally characterized. Important mean libration-corrected bond lengths are: O—B = 1.491 and F—B = 1.387 Å for X = F; O—B = 1.511 and C—B = 1.620 Å for X = Ph.

Aromatic aldonitrones of 2-(hydroxyamino)benzyl alcohol and their cyclic isomers. Crystal and molecular structures of a 1-hydroxy-1,2-dihydro-4H-3,1-benzoxazine, a boron chelate, and its parent nitrone ligand

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Kliegel ◽  
Jörg Metge ◽  
Steven J Rettig ◽  
James Trotter
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Benzyl Alcohol ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Crystal And Molecular Structures ◽  
Independent Molecules ◽  
Boron Chelate

The synthesis of a series of C-aryl-N-[2-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]nitrones, 5 (that can also exist under certain conditions as isomeric 1-hydroxy-2-aryl-1,2-dihydro-4H-3,1-benzoxazines, 8), via 2-(hydroxyamino)benzyl alcohol, 4, and their subsequent reactions with oxybis(diphenylborane), (Ph2B)2O, leading to the 5-(arylmethylene)-7,7-diphenyl-6,8-dioxa- 5-azonia-7-borata-5H-6,7,8,9-tetrahydrobenzocyclo- heptenes 6 are described. Crystals of 1-hydroxy-2- (4-methoxyphenyl)- 1,2-dihydro-4H-3,1-benzoxazine, 8b, are monoclinic, a = 9.379(2), b = 10.699(2), c = 12.9392(7) Å, β = 99.916(2)°, Z = 4 (two independent molecules), space group Pa; those of C-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-N-[(2-hydroxymethyl)phenyl]nitrone, 5c, are monoclinic, a = 7.687(1), b = 7.891(1), c = 11.5053(9) Å, β = 92.781(9)°, Z = 2, space group P21; and those of 5-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylmethylene]-7,7-diphenyl-6,8-dioxa-5-azonia-7-borata-5H-6,7,8,9- tetrahydro-benzocycloheptene, 6a, are monoclinic, a = 10.771(1), b = 13.1057(9), c = 16.8724(7) Å, β = 90.005(5)°, Z = 4, space group P21/n. The structures were solved by direct methods and refined by full-matrix least-squares procedures to R(F2) = 0.120 (Rw(F2) = 0.135) for all 3149 reflections (R(F) = 0.071, Rw(F) = 0.063 for 1500 reflections with I >3 σ (I)) for 8b and R(F) = 0.035 and 0.036 (Rw(F) = 0.031 and 0.038) for 1071 and 3594 reflections with I >3 σ (I), respectively, for 5c and 6a. Compound 8b is the first structurally characterized 1-hydroxy-1,2-dihydro-4H-3,1-benzoxazine derivative and 6a features a relatively rare seven-membered boron-containing heterocycle.Key words: C-aryl-N-[2-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]nitrones, 1-hydroxy-2-aryl-1,2-dihydro-4H-3,1-benzoxazines, organoboron compounds, crystal structures

The crystal structures of 2-endo-acetyl and 2-endo-carbomethoxy-1,4-epoxy-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalenes

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1099-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Taylor ◽  
B. A. Keay ◽  
R. Rodrigo
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Space Group

Crystals of 2-endo-acetyl-1,4-epoxy-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene are orthorhombic, a = 5.524(1), b = 8.929(1), c = 25.479(4) Å, Z = 4, space group P212121; those of 2-endo-carbomethoxy-1,4-epoxy-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene are monoclinic, a = 10.878(2), b = 6.634(1), c = 18.224(4) Å, β = 92.76(2)°, Z = 4, space group P21/c. Both structures were solved by direct methods and refined by full-matrix least-squares methods to final R values of 0.041 and 0.036 for 875 and 1327 reflections with I ≥ 3σ(I) respectively.

Structural studies of organoboron compounds. XXVII. (3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyridinonato)diphenylboron and (3-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-4-pyridinonato)diphenylboron

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
William O. Nelson ◽  
Chris Orvig ◽  
Steven J. Rettig ◽  
James Trotter
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Organoboron Compounds ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Bond Lengths ◽  
Oxygen Atoms

Details of the preparation and crystal structures of the title compounds are given. Crystals of (3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyridinonato)diphenylboron, 1, are orthorhombic, a = 13.4010(6), b = 15.005(1), c = 14.833(1) Å, Z = 8, space group Pbca, and those of (3-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-4-pyridinonato)diphenylboron, 2, are monoclinic, a = 8.2617(5), b = 12.374(1), c = 16.104(1) Å, β = 92.741(5)°, Z = 4, space group P21/n. Both structures were solved by direct methods and were refined by full-matrix least-squares procedures to R = 0.047 and 0.071 for 1654 and 1831 reflections with I ≥ 3σ(I), respectively. Both molecules contain five-membered C2O2B chelate rings, that in 2 being nearly planar. Structural data indicate weaker overall binding of the ligand oxygen atoms to boron in 1 than in 2. Bond lengths (corrected for libration) are O—B = 1.497(5) and 1.650(5), C—B = 1.600(5) and 1.599(5) Å for 1; O—B = 1.542(5) and 1.569(5), C—B = 1.607(6) and 1.609(6) Å for 2.

Structural studies of organoboron compounds. XXXIV. 4-(N-Methoxymethylimino)-2,2-diphenyl-1,3-dioxa-2-borata-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene and 4-diethylimino-2,2-diphenyl-1,3-dioxa-2-borata-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1636-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Kliegel ◽  
Mahmood Tajerbashi ◽  
Steven J. Rettig ◽  
James Trotter
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Boron Compounds ◽  
Organoboron Compounds ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Bond Lengths

Details of the syntheses, physical properties, and crystal structures of the title compounds are reported. Crystals of 4-(N-methoxymethylimino)-2,2-diphenyl-1,3-dioxa-2-borata-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, 4, are monoclinic, a = 9.8072(5), b = 9.6217(7), c = 19.6793(12) Å, β = 94.871(5)°, Z = 4, space group P21/c, and those of 4-diethylimino-2,2-diphenyl-1,3-dioxa-2-borata-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, 9, are orthorhombic, a = 17.0593(7), b = 16.1372(6), c = 14.3753(5) Å, Z = 8, space group Pbca. Both structures were solved by direct methods and were refined by full-matrix least-squares procedures to R = 0.046 and 0.038 for 2198 and 2969 reflections with I ≥ 3σ(I), respectively. In both structures the N,N-dialkylsalicylamidate ligands coordinate the diphenylboron moieties via the phenolate oxygen and amide oxygen atoms, forming six-membered O—B—O chelate rings. The O(ar)—B, O(amide)—B, and mean C—B bond lengths (corrected for libration) are as follows: 1.490(3), 1.549(4), and 1.612 Å for 4 and 1.494(2), 1.550(2), and 1.612 Å for 9. Keywords: crystal structures, boron compounds, organoboron compounds.

Structural studies of organoboron compounds LXII. Synthesis and structure of various N-alkylated 1,3-dioxa-4-aza-2-boracyclohexanes

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 2118-2130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Kliegel ◽  
Henning Amt ◽  
Harald Becker ◽  
Ute Lauterbach ◽  
Gottfried Lubkowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Phenylboronic Acid ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Organoboron Compounds ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Benzene Solvate

The synthesis of a number of variously substituted N-alkyl 2-hydroxyaminoalkanols 3 and their reactions with phenylboronic acid are detailed. The crystalline products proved to be 1:2 condensates 4 in a few cases and 1:1 condensates 5 in all the other cases studied. Crystals of 2-mesityl-6,6-pentamethylene-1,3-dioxa-4-aza-2-boracyclohexane, 5l, are triclinic, a = 11.540(2), b = 10.402(3), c = 8.440(2) Å, α = 108.86(2)°, β = 97.62(2)°, γ = 89.36(2)°, Z = 2, space group [Formula: see text] and those of 4,4′-methylenebis(6,6-pentamethylene-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxa-4-aza-2-boracyclohexane) benzene solvate, 15a•C6H6, are monoclinic, a = 22.690(1), b = 16.867(1), c = 8.4783(9) Å, β = 104.912(8)°, Z = 4, space group C2/c. The structures were solved by direct methods and refined by full-matrix least-squares procedures to R = 0.037 and 0.035 (Rw = 0.035 and 0.044) for 3190 and 2084 reflections with I ≥ 3σ(F2)• respectively.

The preparation and crystal structure of pentaiodinium hexafluoroantimonate(V) containing I153+

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 968-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Passmore ◽  
Peter Taylor ◽  
Tom Whidden ◽  
Peter S. White
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Multiple Solution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Bond Angles

Crystalline pentaiodinium hexafluoroantimonate was prepared by the reaction of I2 and SbF5 in AsF3. The crystals were triclinic, a = 8.295(4) Å, b = 15.61(1) Å, c = 8.390(4) Å, α = 81.49(4)°, β = 110.02(4)°, γ = 85.06(4)°, Z = 3, space group [Formula: see text]. The structure was solved by multiple-solution direct methods and Fourier syntheses and refined by full-matrix and blocked-matrix least-squares procedures to a final R of 0.062 and Rw of 0.090 for 2229 reflections with I ≥ 3σ(I). The two crystallographically independent planar, bent I5+ chains (one centrosymmetric, the other essentially centrosymmetric), each have two collinear central bonds of 2.899(2) Å (× 2); 2.896(2), and 2.920(2) Å, bond angles 180° and 178.7(6)°, respectively, and two shorter terminal bonds of 2.680(3) Å (× 2); 2.666(3) and 2.698(2) Å, with bond angles between central and terminal bonds of 94.53(6)° (× 2); 93.86(7) and 93.17(7)°, respectively. Three I5+ units are joined by a weak (3.416(3) Å) interaction to form what may be regarded as an I153+ unit. The SbF6− anions are approximately octahedral.

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