Gastric Secretion Following Vagosplanchnic Nerve Anastomosis

1956 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 418-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony M. Imparato ◽  
L. Corsan Reid ◽  
J. William Hinton
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Gastric Secretion ◽  
Functional Relationship ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Insulin Hypoglycemia ◽  
Splanchnic Nerves ◽  
Nerve Anastomosis ◽  
Nerve Anastomoses ◽  
Secretory Apparatus ◽  
Stimulation Of

Gastric secretion in response to insulin hypoglycemia and electrical stimulation of the vagus was studied in 18 dogs who had bilateral vagosplanchnic anastomoses in the chest. In six dogs the pattern of gastric secretory response to insulin changed from negative in the early postoperative period to positive between 85 and 613 days postanastomosis. In two, apparent return of vagus function was confirmed by electrical stimulation of the vagi. One of five dogs in whom splanchnovagal nerve anastomoses were performed showed a return of response to insulin at 63 days which was abolished by excision of the anastomoses. On the basis of a review of some of the ideas regarding interpretation of cross nerve anastomoses and some of the conflicting opinions regarding the fiber content of the sympathetic splanchnic nerves, the authors conclude the most likely explanation for the observed phenomena is that there are preganglionic cholinergic fibers in the greater splanchnic nerves whose relationship to the gastric secretory apparatus is similar to that of cholinergic fibers in the vagus. The regenerating fibers of the vagus followed the sheaths of these degenerating fibers and re-established functional relationship with the gastric secretory apparatus.

Pre- and postganglionic sympathetic activity in splanchnic nerves of rats

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (1) ◽  
pp. R55-R61 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Celler ◽  
L. P. Schramm
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Splanchnic Nerve ◽  
Ganglionic Blockade ◽  
Splanchnic Nerves ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Evoked Activity ◽  
Greater Splanchnic Nerve ◽  
Stimulation Of

Integrated sympathetic activity was recorded on anterior or posterior divisions of the greater splanchnic nerve (GSN) in anesthetized, acutely spinalized, artificially respired Wistar rats before and after ganglionic blockade by hexamethonium. Focal electrical stimulation of spinal sympathoexcitatory pathways elicited large increases in splanchnic sympathetic activity. Ganglionic blockade showed that the anterior and posterior divisions of the GSN are predominantly preganglionic and postganglionic, respectively. Histological examination of excised splanchnic nerves and sympathetic chains indicated that splanchnic postganglionic cell bodies must lie in the chain ganglia rather than within the GSN. Postganglionic responses were calculated for each rat by subtracting responses recorded after ganglionic blockade from responses recorded before ganglionic blockade. As expected, postganglionic responses exhibited longer onset latencies than preganglionic responses. However, evoked activity increased and decreased more rapidly in postganglionic fibers than in preganglionic fibers. Responses to stimulus trains were also better maintained in postganglionic than in preganglionic fibers.

Diminished sympathetic silent period in spontaneously hypertensive rats

1979 ◽  
Vol 236 (3) ◽  
pp. R147-R152 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Schramm ◽  
G. N. Barton
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Silent Period ◽  
Spontaneous Hypertension ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Splanchnic Nerves ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
Stimulation Of

To determine if elevated sympathetic activity occurs in spontaneously hypertension, the silent period induced in splanchnic nerves following electrical stimulation of dorsal medullary sympathoexcitatory sites was compared in anesthetized normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKYs) and Okamoto spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The strength of silent periods was defined as the degree of inhibition of responses to testing stimuli delivered at various latencies following conditioning trains, and it was assumed to be inversely related to the level of sympathetic activity. Weanling SHRs exhibited weaker silent periods than weanling WKYs although, at that age, the arterial pressures of the strains were not significantly different. Silent periods were also weaker in adult SHRs than in adult WKYs. This difference persisted after arterial pressures, which fell under anesthesia, were raised by phenylephrine infusions to the respective "normal" levels in each strain. These results support the hypothesis that elevated sympathetic activity exists during both the development and maintenance of spontaneous hypertension in rats.

Vagal gastric secretory stimulation by 2-deoxy-d-glucose

1965 ◽  
Vol 209 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basil I. Hirschowitz ◽  
George Sachs
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Secretion ◽  
Vagal Stimulation ◽  
Insulin Hypoglycemia ◽  
Stimulation Of

Powerful vagal stimulation of gastric secretion was produced in dogs by the administration of 50–200 mg/kg 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) The secretion could be entirely prevented or immediately abolished by atropine injection, indicating one link which is apparently cholinergic. Studies with glucose, mannose, fructose, galactose, or 3-O-methylglucose injected before or subsequent to the administration of 2-DG indicated that the vagal secretory center is specifically glucose and mannose dependent. 2-DG appears to act by the formation of nonmetabolized 2-DG-6-phosphate resulting in effective cytoglucopenia. While apparently stimulating gastric secretion in the same way as insulin hypoglycemia, 2-DG appears to have definite advantages of reliability and reproducibility. The vagal center appears to be dose responsive and not an all-or-none system, and stimulates all elements of gastric secretion by a single pathway.

Control of bilateral seminal emissions from ejaculatory ducts by a lumbar splanchnic nerve

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (4) ◽  
pp. R743-R748 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kihara ◽  
K. Sato ◽  
M. Ando ◽  
T. Morita ◽  
H. Oshima
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Splanchnic Nerve ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hypogastric Nerve ◽  
Splanchnic Nerves ◽  
Posterior Urethra ◽  
Stimulation Of

To investigate the route of efferent signals for seminal emissions from ejaculatory ducts (SEEDs), canine lumbar splanchnic nerves (LSNs) were electrically stimulated. SEED was confirmed by visual verification of seminal flow into the exposed posterior urethra. In intact dogs, electrical stimulation of an LSN caused bilateral SEEDs in 13 of 16 dogs examined, with a greater volume at the stimulated side. After transection of a unilateral hypogastric nerve, bilateral SEEDs occurred by electrical stimulation of the contralateral LSN in 11 of 14 dogs with a greater volume at the stimulated side and by the stimulation of the ipsilateral LSN in 13 of 15 dogs with a greater volume at the contralateral side. Contraction pressure of the epididymal tail under the same conditions harmonized with the above results. We conclude that each LSN generates bilateral SEEDs by sending signals to bilateral epididymal tails and that some of the signals through each LSN cross to the other side at the caudal mesenteric plexus and/or the prostatic plexus.

Significance of Innervation in the Function of the Gastric Antrum

1957 ◽  
Vol 190 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry A. Oberhelman ◽  
Stanley P. Rigler ◽  
Lester R. Dragstedt
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Gastric Secretion ◽  
Gastric Content ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Insulin Hypoglycemia ◽  
Heidenhain Pouch ◽  
Peristaltic Activity ◽  
Gastric Contents ◽  
Intestinal Continuity ◽  
Stimulation Of

The antrum of the stomach in dogs was excluded by constructing a membrane of gastric mucosa separating the cavity of the antrum from that of the corpus. A fistula was made of the pylorus and intestinal continuity re-established by anastomosing the corpus of the stomach to the open end of the duodenum. A vagus denervated Heidenhain pouch was also prepared. With this type of preparation it was found that insulin hypoglycemia produced a marked stimulation of gastric secretion from the Heidenhain pouch. Furthermore, with the antrum excluded from contact with the gastric contents but with its innervation preserved, the secretory response of the Heidenhain pouch to the ingestion of food was not only not reduced but was actually prolonged. These effects can be accounted for by peristaltic activity in the antrum induced by the peristalsis of digestion in the main stomach and enhanced by the absence of the usual inhibitory effect of acid gastric content on the release of gastrin. Insulin hypoglycemia produced vigorous contractions in the isolated antrum with intact vagus innervation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document