Timing of Acupuncture during LTP-Like Plasticity Induced by Paired-Associative Stimulation

The aim of this study was to investigate the time-dependent effects of acupuncture on the excitability and long-term potentiation- (LTP-) like plasticity induced by paired-associative stimulation (PAS) over the primary motor cortex (M1). The present examination is the first to report the influence of acupuncture on the motor-evoked potential (MEP) throughout the treatment process, including baseline (before acupuncture), the needle in situ, and the needle removal. Subsequently, the LTP-like plasticity induced by paired-associative stimulation (PAS) was explored, which consisted of 200 pairs of electrical stimulation of the ulnar nerve at the first dorsal interosseous (FDI), followed by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the bilateral M1. TMS-MEP amplitudes over the bilateral M1 in resting conditions were measured throughout the whole treatment process. Finally, we confirmed the behavioral measurements. Significant changes were found in both the contralateral and ipsilateral acupuncture sizes as compared to the baseline values. Our results indicated that acupuncture modulated the excitability of M1, and the synaptic plasticity was time-dependent. We concluded that acupuncture should be combined with rehabilitation techniques to improve the motor function in stroke patients. Therefore, we put forward the combined application of the acupuncture timing and rehabilitation for higher therapeutic effectiveness. This trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration no. ChiCTR-IPR-1900020515).

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Long term potentiation-like effect by paired associative stimulation depends on the recruitment of late indirect-waves of corticospinal volleys in the human primary motor cortex

Neuroscience Research ◽

10.1016/j.neures.2011.07.1106 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 71 ◽

pp. e254

Author(s):

Nagako Murase ◽

Bulent Cengiz ◽

John C. Rothwell

Keyword(s):

Motor Cortex ◽

Primary Motor Cortex ◽

Long Term Potentiation ◽

Paired Associative Stimulation ◽

Term Potentiation

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P22.20 The relationship between short-interval intracortical inhibition and the long term potentiation-like effect of paired associative stimulation in human primary motor cortex

Clinical Neurophysiology ◽

10.1016/s1388-2457(11)60581-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 122 ◽

pp. S162

Author(s):

N. Murase ◽

B. Cengiz ◽

J.C. Rothwell

Keyword(s):

Motor Cortex ◽

Primary Motor Cortex ◽

Short Interval ◽

Long Term Potentiation ◽

Intracortical Inhibition ◽

Paired Associative Stimulation ◽

Term Potentiation ◽

The Relationship

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Short-interval intracortical inhibition blocks long-term potentiation induced by paired associative stimulation

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.00202.2011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 107 (7) ◽

pp. 1935-1941 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Behzad Elahi ◽

Carolyn Gunraj ◽

Robert Chen

Keyword(s):

Motor Cortex ◽

Short Interval ◽

Conditioning Stimulus ◽

Motor Evoked Potential ◽

Long Term Potentiation ◽

Intracortical Inhibition ◽

Facilitatory Effect ◽

Paired Associative Stimulation ◽

Term Potentiation

Paired associative stimulation (PAS) of the motor cortex leads to increased motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes in the stimulated hand muscles. We hypothesized that evoking GABAA receptor-mediated short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) simultaneously with excitatory PAS would depress long-term potentiation plasticity in motor cortex. Four different PAS paradigms were tested, standard PAS (PAS25) and three conditioned PAS protocols (CS2-PAS25, CS2-PAS25adj, and CS10-PAS25adj). A subthreshold conditioning stimulus 2 ms (CS2) or 10 ms (CS10) before the test stimuli was added to the conditioned PAS protocols. Since CS2 has inhibitory and CS10 has facilitatory effect on cortical excitability, in the CS2-PAS25adj and CS10-PAS25adj protocols, TS intensity was adjusted to produce a 1-mV MEP in the presence of CS2 or CS10 to control for the degree of corticospinal excitation. As expected, MEP amplitudes after PAS25 were higher compared with that at baseline, but importantly, MEP amplitudes did not change after PAS was induced in the presence of SICI in either the CS2-PAS25 or CS2-PAS25adj condition. Furthermore, the CS10-PAS25adj protocol showed significantly increased MEP amplitude at 60 min after PAS compared with baseline. These results show that SICI blocked the induction of long-term potentiation-like plasticity in the motor cortex, indicating that GABAergic circuits play an important role in the regulation of cortical plasticity. The study demonstrates a noninvasive and nonpharmacological way to achieve focal modulation of plasticity.

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Heat-Evoked Experimental Pain Induces Long-Term Potentiation-Like Plasticity in Human Primary Motor Cortex

Cerebral Cortex ◽

10.1093/cercor/bhs182 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 23 (8) ◽

pp. 1942-1951 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

A. Suppa ◽

A. Biasiotta ◽

D. Belvisi ◽

L. Marsili ◽

S. La Cesa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motor Cortex ◽

Primary Motor Cortex ◽

Experimental Pain ◽

Long Term Potentiation ◽

Term Potentiation

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Time-dependent reversal of long-term potentiation by brief cooling shocks in rat hippocampal slices

Brain Research ◽

10.1016/0006-8993(93)90154-f ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 620 (2) ◽

pp. 181-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Philippe Bittar ◽

Dominique Muller

Keyword(s):

Hippocampal Slices ◽

Long Term Potentiation ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Term Potentiation

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Time-Dependent Reversal of Long-Term Potentiation by Low-Frequency Stimulation at the Hippocampal Mossy Fiber–CA3 Synapses

Journal of Neuroscience ◽

10.1523/jneurosci.21-11-03705.2001 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 3705-3714 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Yea-Lin Chen ◽

Chiung-Chun Huang ◽

Kuei-Sen Hsu

Keyword(s):

Mossy Fiber ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Long Term Potentiation ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Low Frequency Stimulation ◽

Term Potentiation ◽

Frequency Stimulation

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Priming Effects of Water Immersion on Paired Associative Stimulation-Induced Neural Plasticity in the Primary Motor Cortex

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17010215 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 215 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daisuke Sato ◽

Koya Yamashiro ◽

Yudai Yamazaki ◽

Koyuki Ikarashi ◽

Hideaki Onishi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neural Plasticity ◽

Primary Motor Cortex ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Short Interval ◽

Motor Evoked Potential ◽

Long Term Potentiation ◽

Cortical Inhibition ◽

Stimulus Interval ◽

Paired Associative Stimulation ◽

Inter Stimulus Interval

We aimed to verify whether indirect-wave (I-wave) recruitment and cortical inhibition can regulate or predict the plastic response to paired associative stimulation with an inter-stimulus interval of 25 ms (PAS25), and also whether water immersion (WI) can facilitate the subsequent PAS25-induced plasticity. To address the first question, we applied transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the M1 hand area, while alternating the direction of the induced current between posterior-to-anterior and anterior-to-posterior to activate two independent synaptic inputs to the corticospinal neurons. Moreover, we used a paired stimulation paradigm to evaluate the short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) and short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI). To address the second question, we examined the motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes before and after PAS25, with and without WI, and used the SAI, SICI, and MEP recruitment curves to determine the mechanism underlying priming by WI on PAS25. We demonstrated that SAI, with an inter-stimulus interval of 25 ms, might serve as a predictor of the response to PAS25, whereas I-wave recruitment evaluated by the MEP latency difference was not predictive of the PAS25 response, and found that 15 min WI prior to PAS25 facilitated long-term potentiation (LTP)-like plasticity due to a homeostatic increase in cholinergic activity.

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